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Parametric Corrective Linear Moving AveragesImpulse responses can fully describe their associated systems, for example a linearly weighted moving average (WMA) has a linearly decaying impulse response, therefore we can deduce that lag is reduced since recent values are the ones with the most weights, the Blackman moving average (or Blackman filter) has a bell shaped impulse response, that is mid term values are the ones with the most weights, we can deduce that such moving average is pretty smooth, the least squares moving average has negative weights, we can therefore deduce that it aim to heavily reduce lag, and so on. We could even estimate the lag of a moving average by looking at its impulse response (calculating the lag of a moving average is the aim of my next article with Pinescripters) . Today a new moving average is presented, such moving average use a parametric rectified linear unit function as weighting function, we will see that such moving average can be used as a low lag moving average as well as a signal moving average, thus creating a moving average crossover system. Finally we will estimate the LSMA using the proposed moving average. Correctivity And The Parametric Rectified Linear Unit Function Lot of terms are used, each representing one thing, lets start with the easiest one,"corrective". In some of my posts i may have used the term "underweighting", which refer to the process of attributing negative weights to the input of a moving average, a corrective moving average is simply a moving average underweighting oldest values of the input, simply put most of the low lag moving averages you'll find are corrective. This term was used by Aistis Raudys in its paper "Optimal Negative Weight Moving Average for Stock Price Series Smoothing" and i felt like it was a more elegant term to use instead of "low-lag". Now we will describe the parametric rectified linear unit function (PReLU), this function is the one used as weighting function and is not that complex. This function has two inputs, alpha , and x , in short if x is greater than 0, x remain unchanged, however if x is lower than 0, then the function output is alpha × x , if alpha is equal to 1 then the function is equivalent to an identity function, if alpha is equal to 0 then the function is equivalent to a rectified unit function. PReLU is mostly used in neural network design as an activation function, i wont explain to you how neural networks works but remember that neural networks aim to mimic the neural networks in the brain, and the activation function mimic the process of neuron firing. Its a super interesting topic because activation functions regroup many functions that can be used for technical indicators, one example being the inverse fisher RSI who make use of the hyperbolic tangent function. Finally the term parametric used here refer to the ability of the user to change the aspect of the weighting function thanks to certain settings, thinking about it, it isn't a common things for moving averages indicators to let the user modify the characteristics of the weighting function, an exception being the Arnaud Legoux moving average (ALMA) which weighting function is a gaussian function, the user can control the peak and width of the function. The Indicator The indicator has two moving averages displayed on the chart, a trigger moving average (in blue) and a signal moving average (in red), their crosses can generate signals. The length parameter control the filter length, with higher values of length filtering longer term price fluctuations. The percentage of negative weights parameter aim to determine the percentage of negative weights in the weighting function, note that the signal moving average won't use the same amount and will use instead : 100 - Percentage , this allow to reverse the weighting function thus creating a more lagging output for signal. Note that this parameter is caped at 50, this is because values higher than 50 would make the trigger moving average become the signal moving average, in short it inverse the role of the moving averages, that is a percentage of 25 would be the same than 75. In red the moving average using 25% of negative weights, in blue the same moving average using 14% percent of negative weights. In theory, more negative weights = less lag = more overshoots. Here the trigger MA in blue has 0% of negative weights, the trigger MA in green has however 35% of negative weights, the difference in lag can be clearly seen. In the case where there is 0% of negative weights the trigger become a simple WMA while the signal one become a moving average with linearly increasing weights. The corrective factor is the same as alpha in PReLU, and determine the steepness of the negative weights line, this parameter is constrained in a range of (0,1), lower values will create a less steep negative weights line, this parameter is extremely useful when we want to reduce overshoots, an example : here the corrective factor is equal to 1 (so the weighting function is an identity function) and we use 45% of negative weights, this create lot of overshoots, however a corrective factor of 0.5 reduce them drastically : Center Of Linearity The impulse response of the signal moving average is inverse to the impulse response of the trigger moving average, if we where to show them together we would see that they would crosses at a point, denoted center of linearity, therefore the crosses of each moving averages correspond to the cross of the center of linearity oscillator and 0 of same period. This is also true with the center of gravity oscillator, linear covariance oscillator and linear correlation oscillator. Of course the center of linearity oscillator is way more efficient than the proposed indicator, and if a moving average crossover system is required, then the wma/sma pair is equivalent and way more efficient, who would know that i would propose something with more efficient alternatives ? xD Estimating A Least Squares Moving Average I guess...yeah...but its not my fault you know !!! Its a linear weighting function ! What can i do about it ? The least squares moving average is corrective, its weighting function is linearly decreasing and posses negative weights with an amount of negative weights inferior to 50%, now we only need to find the exact percentage amount of negative weights. How to do it ? Well its not complicated if we recall the estimation with the WMA/SMA combination. So, an LSMA of period p is equal to : 3WMA(p) - 2SMA(p) , each coefficient of the combination can give us this percentage, that is 2/3*100 = 33.333 , so there are 33.33% percent of negative weights in the weighting function of the least squares moving average. In blue the trigger moving average with percentage of negative values et to 33.33, and in green the lsma of both period 50. Conclusion Altho inefficient, the proposed moving averages remain extremely interesting. They make use of the PReLU function as weighting function and allow the user to have a more accurate control over the characteristics of the moving averages output such as lag and overshoot amount, such parameters could even be made adaptive. We have also seen how to estimate the least squares moving average, we have seen that the lsma posses 33.333...% of negative weights in its weighting function, another useful information. The lsma is always behind me, not letting me focus on cryptobot super profit indicators using massive amount of labels, its like each time i make an indicator, the lsma come back, like a jealous creature, she want the center of attention, but you know well that the proposed indicator is inefficient ! Inefficient elegance (effect of the meds) . Thanks for reading !
Pine Script® indicator
by alexgrover
10
LIVIDITIUM [BTC] {PREMIUM}The LIVIDITIUM is a set of indicators centered around a series of parallel bands call the LVDT guide bands, defined by lines call the LVDT levels. Major LVDT levels have thicker line-widths. LVDT levels are constructed from a mathematical conjugation of the complex golden ratio solutions. >> Useful to determine critical levels, indicates possible support levels, as well as major and minor tops/bottoms. Look at historical interactions to work out key levels for any particular chart, and adjust the displacement offset value to get the LVDT levels to conform better to a particular chart at a particular time-frame. Major BUY/SELL indicators for top/bottom levels were added specifically for BTCUSD and optimised for the 1D chart (disabled at lower time-frames). These are based on the interaction of the candlestick with various emas and smas as well as with the LVDT levels. A scoring algorithm also analyses the significance of major and minor death crosses, base on the presence of other indicators in its vicinity to suggest potential local buy/sell prices, and should still work relatively well at lower time-frames. Various triggers are also implemented, including golden/death cross indicators, as well as pivot and potential reversal points -- labelled with either text-markers, or colored vertical bands. Signal markers that are only valid for the BTCUSD chart are automatically disabled when LIVIDITIUM is being used on other charts. ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ Note: In no way is this intended as a financial/investment/trading advice. You are responsible for your own investment/trade decisions. Please exercise your own judgement for your own trades base on your own risk-aversion level and goals as an investor or a trader. The use of OTHER indicators and analysis in conjunction (tailored to your own style of investing/trading) will help improve confidence of your analysis, for you to determine your own trade decisions. Please PM me for access information.
Pine Script® indicator
by cybernetwork
1
TeoTrading 25 - Moving Average CrossoverThis Script prints different types of moving Average: SMA, EMA, WMA and VWMA. It is usefull to view in only few minutes differents crossovers. The crossver´s are indicated with: Yellow "P": Positive Crossover Green: Negative Crossover with gain. Red: Negative Crossover with Loss. The Percents of gain and loss are indicated in the Negative Crossovers. Input Parameters: Type_: Type of Moving Average. PrintPrice: Enable open value print. Fast: Fast Moving Average. Slow: Slow Moving Average. This indicator does not generate recommendations to buy or to sell. It was designed for educational purposes.
Pine Script® indicator
by Teo_Trading
6
MAC-Z & MACD Leader signal [ChuckBanger]This is a combination of my MACD Leader script and MAC-Z with option to add Laguerre filter. The advantage of the MAC-Z over MACD is that it is a more accurate and “assumption-free” indicator that can more accurately describe how a market actually perform. But you can use this as a regular MACD indicator. Crossovers signals The MAC-Z line and signal line can be utilized in the same way as a stochastic oscillator, with the crossover between the two lines providing buy and sell signals. As with most crossover strategies, a buy signal comes when the shorter-term, more reactive line – in this case the MAC-Z line (blue line) crosses above the slower signal line (orange line). For example, when the MAC-Z line crosses below the signal line it provides a bearish sell signal. Zero line crossing The zero cross strategy is based on either of the lines crossing the zero line. If the MAC-Z crosses the zero line from below, it is a signal for a possible new uptrend, while the MAC-Z crossing from above is a signal that a new downtrend may be starting. This is special powerful if the lines has a fast up or down movement but the price action doesn't reflect that movement. Divergences Bearish and bullish divergences is my favorite signals. When price action and oscillators follow the same path it is called Convergences, when they don’t, it’s called a Divergence. Don't confuse the two because they have not the same meaning. But be aware that for example during consolidation or low liquidity, some small divergences between price and indicators might form, but that doesn't mean we should consider them as real divergences. There is many different types of divergences. It is easier to show a picture then explaining it so I recommend you to check out the link below. Especially the top image. It sums this up very well medium.com MACD Leader The MACD leader is only showing the crossing of MACD as a vertical line Green vertical line = MACD Leader Bullish Cross Red vertical line = MACD Leader Bearish Cross MACD Leader: MAC-Z: More Information cssanalytics.wordpress.com en.wikipedia.org drive.google.com
Pine Script® indicator
by ChuckBanger
Multi MA MTFMulti MA MTF The moving averages are generally used as dynamic supports and resistances as well as to determine the trend, so if the price is above its average it is called an uptrend and otherwise a downtrend. The crossing of MA if used to confirm a trend and not as a signal because the moving averages react slowly depending on the type of MA and the periods we are analyzing. Indicator Functions: - It allows to display 4 MA at the same time. - You can use several types of moving averages: SMA, EMA, DEMA, WMA, VWMA, HullMA, TMA, SSMA, SMMA. - Shows the crossing points of the MA's. - Multimeframe: so you can visualize the behavior of MA's in different timeframes without changing timeframe. - Alerts for when crosses occur. Same chart with 1 week timeframe MA enable
Pine Script® indicator
by Vertical-X
MACD With Dynamic ZonesThis is a standard MACD, but with a big game changer, we calculate upper and lower zones. Any cross above the top of the upper zone, or bellow the bottom of the lower zone, is considered a strong signal. Any cross inside the zone bands is considered a weak signal. Any signal inside the two zones is considered invalid. Best to use with it's corresponding signal marker on the chart. For best result, use this on multi time frame.
Pine Script® indicator
by CAB_Member
3
MACD Signal MarketThis is an indicator that sits on the candles of the chart, you need to make the original candle or bar colors totally transparent (even the wicks). The MACD Oscillator will be published in another post but, if you just want to know, there is an up and down threshold being calculated "dynamically", when macd crosses out side of the threshold zone, we consider it as strong signal, when crossing inside the zone band it's a weak signal and if it crosses under the upper zone band or above lower zone band, we consider the cross as not valid. To get the best result, use this on two time frames WITH it's corresponding oscillator.
Pine Script® indicator
by CAB_Member
FUSIONGAPS V4 {50/15-Series}Base on the FUSIONGAPS oscillator series, but Only the 50/15 oscillator is plotted, and with Momentum and Acceleration oscillators added. The thickest line is the FG oscillator: Red/Green coloring indicates if the market is in a Bearish/Bullish period. The green colored line is the DFG oscillator (DIFFERENTIAL FUSIONGAPS: Price Momentum) The red colored line is the D2FG oscillator (DOUBLE-DIFFERENTIAL FUSIONGAPS: Price Acceleration) Indicators: DeathCrosses ( DX ) and GoldenCrosses ( GX ) Momentum Reversal indicators (D2FG based filter applied to reduce false-positives, but can be manually disabled.) ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ Note: In no way is this intended as a financial/investment/trading advice. You are responsible for your own investment decisions and trades. Please exercise your own judgement for your own trades base on your own risk-aversion level and goals as an investor or a trader. The use of OTHER indicators and analysis in conjunction (tailored to your own style of investing/trading) will help improve confidence of your analysis, for you to determine your own trade decisions. ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ * ~ Please check out my other indicators sets and series, e.g. LIVIDITIUM (dynamic levels), AEONDRIFT (multi-levels standard deviation bands), FUSIONGAPS (MA based oscillators), MAJESTIC (Momentum/Acceleration/Jerk Oscillators), PRISM (pSAR based oscillator, with RSI/StochRSI as well as Momentum/Acceleration/Jerk indicators), PDF (parabolic SAR /w HighLow Trends Indicator/Bar-color-marking + Dynamic Fib Retrace and Extension Level) and more to come. Constructive feedback and suggestions are welcome. ~ JuniAiko (=^~^=)v~
Pine Script® indicator
by cybernetwork
1