Keltner Channel Enhanced [DCAUT]█ Keltner Channel Enhanced
📊 ORIGINALITY & INNOVATION
The Keltner Channel Enhanced represents an important advancement over standard Keltner Channel implementations by introducing dual flexibility in moving average selection for both the middle band and ATR calculation. While traditional Keltner Channels typically use EMA for the middle band and RMA (Wilder's smoothing) for ATR, this enhanced version provides access to 25+ moving average algorithms for both components, enabling traders to fine-tune the indicator's behavior to match specific market characteristics and trading approaches.
Key Advancements:
Dual MA Algorithm Flexibility: Independent selection of moving average types for middle band (25+ options) and ATR smoothing (25+ options), allowing optimization of both trend identification and volatility measurement separately
Enhanced Trend Sensitivity: Ability to use faster algorithms (HMA, T3) for middle band while maintaining stable volatility measurement with traditional ATR smoothing, or vice versa for different trading strategies
Adaptive Volatility Measurement: Choice of ATR smoothing algorithm affects channel responsiveness to volatility changes, from highly reactive (SMA, EMA) to smoothly adaptive (RMA, TEMA)
Comprehensive Alert System: Five distinct alert conditions covering breakouts, trend changes, and volatility expansion, enabling automated monitoring without constant chart observation
Multi-Timeframe Compatibility: Works effectively across all timeframes from intraday scalping to long-term position trading, with independent optimization of trend and volatility components
This implementation addresses key limitations of standard Keltner Channels: fixed EMA/RMA combination may not suit all market conditions or trading styles. By decoupling the trend component from volatility measurement and allowing independent algorithm selection, traders can create highly customized configurations for specific instruments and market phases.
📐 MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATION
Keltner Channel Enhanced uses a three-component calculation system that combines a flexible moving average middle band with ATR-based (Average True Range) upper and lower channels, creating volatility-adjusted trend-following bands.
Core Calculation Process:
1. Middle Band (Basis) Calculation:
The basis line is calculated using the selected moving average algorithm applied to the price source over the specified period:
basis = ma(source, length, maType)
Supported algorithms include EMA (standard choice, trend-biased), SMA (balanced and symmetric), HMA (reduced lag), WMA, VWMA, TEMA, T3, KAMA, and 17+ others.
2. Average True Range (ATR) Calculation:
ATR measures market volatility by calculating the average of true ranges over the specified period:
trueRange = max(high - low, abs(high - close ), abs(low - close ))
atrValue = ma(trueRange, atrLength, atrMaType)
ATR smoothing algorithm significantly affects channel behavior, with options including RMA (standard, very smooth), SMA (moderate smoothness), EMA (fast adaptation), TEMA (smooth yet responsive), and others.
3. Channel Calculation:
Upper and lower channels are positioned at specified multiples of ATR from the basis:
upperChannel = basis + (multiplier × atrValue)
lowerChannel = basis - (multiplier × atrValue)
Standard multiplier is 2.0, providing channels that dynamically adjust width based on market volatility.
Keltner Channel vs. Bollinger Bands - Key Differences:
While both indicators create volatility-based channels, they use fundamentally different volatility measures:
Keltner Channel (ATR-based):
Uses Average True Range to measure actual price movement volatility
Incorporates gaps and limit moves through true range calculation
More stable in trending markets, less prone to extreme compression
Better reflects intraday volatility and trading range
Typically fewer band touches, making touches more significant
More suitable for trend-following strategies
Bollinger Bands (Standard Deviation-based):
Uses statistical standard deviation to measure price dispersion
Based on closing prices only, doesn't account for intraday range
Can compress significantly during consolidation (squeeze patterns)
More touches in ranging markets
Better suited for mean-reversion strategies
Provides statistical probability framework (95% within 2 standard deviations)
Algorithm Combination Effects:
The interaction between middle band MA type and ATR MA type creates different indicator characteristics:
Trend-Focused Configuration (Fast MA + Slow ATR): Middle band uses HMA/EMA/T3, ATR uses RMA/TEMA, quick trend changes with stable channel width, suitable for trend-following
Volatility-Focused Configuration (Slow MA + Fast ATR): Middle band uses SMA/WMA, ATR uses EMA/SMA, stable trend with dynamic channel width, suitable for volatility trading
Balanced Configuration (Standard EMA/RMA): Classic Keltner Channel behavior, time-tested combination, suitable for general-purpose trend following
Adaptive Configuration (KAMA + KAMA): Self-adjusting indicator responding to efficiency ratio, suitable for markets with varying trend strength and volatility regimes
📊 COMPREHENSIVE SIGNAL ANALYSIS
Keltner Channel Enhanced provides multiple signal categories optimized for trend-following and breakout strategies.
Channel Position Signals:
Upper Channel Interaction:
Price Touching Upper Channel: Strong bullish momentum, price moving more than typical volatility range suggests, potential continuation signal in established uptrends
Price Breaking Above Upper Channel: Exceptional strength, price exceeding normal volatility expectations, consider adding to long positions or tightening trailing stops
Price Riding Upper Channel: Sustained strong uptrend, characteristic of powerful bull moves, stay with trend and avoid premature profit-taking
Price Rejection at Upper Channel: Momentum exhaustion signal, consider profit-taking on longs or waiting for pullback to middle band for reentry
Lower Channel Interaction:
Price Touching Lower Channel: Strong bearish momentum, price moving more than typical volatility range suggests, potential continuation signal in established downtrends
Price Breaking Below Lower Channel: Exceptional weakness, price exceeding normal volatility expectations, consider adding to short positions or protecting against further downside
Price Riding Lower Channel: Sustained strong downtrend, characteristic of powerful bear moves, stay with trend and avoid premature covering
Price Rejection at Lower Channel: Momentum exhaustion signal, consider covering shorts or waiting for bounce to middle band for reentry
Middle Band (Basis) Signals:
Trend Direction Confirmation:
Price Above Basis: Bullish trend bias, middle band acts as dynamic support in uptrends, consider long positions or holding existing longs
Price Below Basis: Bearish trend bias, middle band acts as dynamic resistance in downtrends, consider short positions or avoiding longs
Price Crossing Above Basis: Potential trend change from bearish to bullish, early signal to establish long positions
Price Crossing Below Basis: Potential trend change from bullish to bearish, early signal to establish short positions or exit longs
Pullback Trading Strategy:
Uptrend Pullback: Price pulls back from upper channel to middle band, finds support, and resumes upward, ideal long entry point
Downtrend Bounce: Price bounces from lower channel to middle band, meets resistance, and resumes downward, ideal short entry point
Basis Test: Strong trends often show price respecting the middle band as support/resistance on pullbacks
Failed Test: Price breaking through middle band against trend direction signals potential reversal
Volatility-Based Signals:
Narrow Channels (Low Volatility):
Consolidation Phase: Channels contract during periods of reduced volatility and directionless price action
Breakout Preparation: Narrow channels often precede significant directional moves as volatility cycles
Trading Approach: Reduce position sizes, wait for breakout confirmation, avoid range-bound strategies within channels
Breakout Direction: Monitor for price breaking decisively outside channel range with expanding width
Wide Channels (High Volatility):
Trending Phase: Channels expand during strong directional moves and increased volatility
Momentum Confirmation: Wide channels confirm genuine trend with substantial volatility backing
Trading Approach: Trend-following strategies excel, wider stops necessary, mean-reversion strategies risky
Exhaustion Signs: Extreme channel width (historical highs) may signal approaching consolidation or reversal
Advanced Pattern Recognition:
Channel Walking Pattern:
Upper Channel Walk: Price consistently touches or exceeds upper channel while staying above basis, very strong uptrend signal, hold longs aggressively
Lower Channel Walk: Price consistently touches or exceeds lower channel while staying below basis, very strong downtrend signal, hold shorts aggressively
Basis Support/Resistance: During channel walks, price typically uses middle band as support/resistance on minor pullbacks
Pattern Break: Price crossing basis during channel walk signals potential trend exhaustion
Squeeze and Release Pattern:
Squeeze Phase: Channels narrow significantly, price consolidates near middle band, volatility contracts
Direction Clues: Watch for price positioning relative to basis during squeeze (above = bullish bias, below = bearish bias)
Release Trigger: Price breaking outside narrow channel range with expanding width confirms breakout
Follow-Through: Measure squeeze height and project from breakout point for initial profit targets
Channel Expansion Pattern:
Breakout Confirmation: Rapid channel widening confirms volatility increase and genuine trend establishment
Entry Timing: Enter positions early in expansion phase before trend becomes overextended
Risk Management: Use channel width to size stops appropriately, wider channels require wider stops
Basis Bounce Pattern:
Clean Bounce: Price touches middle band and immediately reverses, confirms trend strength and entry opportunity
Multiple Bounces: Repeated basis bounces indicate strong, sustainable trend
Bounce Failure: Price penetrating basis signals weakening trend and potential reversal
Divergence Analysis:
Price/Channel Divergence: Price makes new high/low while staying within channel (not reaching outer band), suggests momentum weakening
Width/Price Divergence: Price breaks to new extremes but channel width contracts, suggests move lacks conviction
Reversal Signal: Divergences often precede trend reversals or significant consolidation periods
Multi-Timeframe Analysis:
Keltner Channels work particularly well in multi-timeframe trend-following approaches:
Three-Timeframe Alignment:
Higher Timeframe (Weekly/Daily): Identify major trend direction, note price position relative to basis and channels
Intermediate Timeframe (Daily/4H): Identify pullback opportunities within higher timeframe trend
Lower Timeframe (4H/1H): Time precise entries when price touches middle band or lower channel (in uptrends) with rejection
Optimal Entry Conditions:
Best Long Entries: Higher timeframe in uptrend (price above basis), intermediate timeframe pulls back to basis, lower timeframe shows rejection at middle band or lower channel
Best Short Entries: Higher timeframe in downtrend (price below basis), intermediate timeframe bounces to basis, lower timeframe shows rejection at middle band or upper channel
Risk Management: Use higher timeframe channel width to set position sizing, stops below/above higher timeframe channels
🎯 STRATEGIC APPLICATIONS
Keltner Channel Enhanced excels in trend-following and breakout strategies across different market conditions.
Trend Following Strategy:
Setup Requirements:
Identify established trend with price consistently on one side of basis line
Wait for pullback to middle band (basis) or brief penetration through it
Confirm trend resumption with price rejection at basis and move back toward outer channel
Enter in trend direction with stop beyond basis line
Entry Rules:
Uptrend Entry:
Price pulls back from upper channel to middle band, shows support at basis (bullish candlestick, momentum divergence)
Enter long on rejection/bounce from basis with stop 1-2 ATR below basis
Aggressive: Enter on first touch; Conservative: Wait for confirmation candle
Downtrend Entry:
Price bounces from lower channel to middle band, shows resistance at basis (bearish candlestick, momentum divergence)
Enter short on rejection/reversal from basis with stop 1-2 ATR above basis
Aggressive: Enter on first touch; Conservative: Wait for confirmation candle
Trend Management:
Trailing Stop: Use basis line as dynamic trailing stop, exit if price closes beyond basis against position
Profit Taking: Take partial profits at opposite channel, move stops to basis
Position Additions: Add to winners on subsequent basis bounces if trend intact
Breakout Strategy:
Setup Requirements:
Identify consolidation period with contracting channel width
Monitor price action near middle band with reduced volatility
Wait for decisive breakout beyond channel range with expanding width
Enter in breakout direction after confirmation
Breakout Confirmation:
Price breaks clearly outside channel (upper for longs, lower for shorts), channel width begins expanding from contracted state
Volume increases significantly on breakout (if using volume analysis)
Price sustains outside channel for multiple bars without immediate reversal
Entry Approaches:
Aggressive: Enter on initial break with stop at opposite channel or basis, use smaller position size
Conservative: Wait for pullback to broken channel level, enter on rejection and resumption, tighter stop
Volatility-Based Position Sizing:
Adjust position sizing based on channel width (ATR-based volatility):
Wide Channels (High ATR): Reduce position size as stops must be wider, calculate position size using ATR-based risk calculation: Risk / (Stop Distance in ATR × ATR Value)
Narrow Channels (Low ATR): Increase position size as stops can be tighter, be cautious of impending volatility expansion
ATR-Based Risk Management: Use ATR-based risk calculations, position size = 0.01 × Capital / (2 × ATR), use multiples of ATR (1-2 ATR) for adaptive stops
Algorithm Selection Guidelines:
Different market conditions benefit from different algorithm combinations:
Strong Trending Markets: Middle band use EMA or HMA, ATR use RMA, capture trends quickly while maintaining stable channel width
Choppy/Ranging Markets: Middle band use SMA or WMA, ATR use SMA or WMA, avoid false trend signals while identifying genuine reversals
Volatile Markets: Middle band and ATR both use KAMA or FRAMA, self-adjusting to changing market conditions reduces manual optimization
Breakout Trading: Middle band use SMA, ATR use EMA or SMA, stable trend with dynamic channels highlights volatility expansion early
Scalping/Day Trading: Middle band use HMA or T3, ATR use EMA or TEMA, both components respond quickly
Position Trading: Middle band use EMA/TEMA/T3, ATR use RMA or TEMA, filter out noise for long-term trend-following
📋 DETAILED PARAMETER CONFIGURATION
Understanding and optimizing parameters is essential for adapting Keltner Channel Enhanced to specific trading approaches.
Source Parameter:
Close (Most Common): Uses closing price, reflects daily settlement, best for end-of-day analysis and position trading, standard choice
HL2 (Median Price): Smooths out closing bias, better represents full daily range in volatile markets, good for swing trading
HLC3 (Typical Price): Gives more weight to close while including full range, popular for intraday applications, slightly more responsive than HL2
OHLC4 (Average Price): Most comprehensive price representation, smoothest option, good for gap-prone markets or highly volatile instruments
Length Parameter:
Controls the lookback period for middle band (basis) calculation:
Short Periods (10-15): Very responsive to price changes, suitable for day trading and scalping, higher false signal rate
Standard Period (20 - Default): Represents approximately one month of trading, good balance between responsiveness and stability, suitable for swing and position trading
Medium Periods (30-50): Smoother trend identification, fewer false signals, better for position trading and longer holding periods
Long Periods (50+): Very smooth, identifies major trends only, minimal false signals but significant lag, suitable for long-term investment
Optimization by Timeframe: 1-15 minute charts use 10-20 period, 30-60 minute charts use 20-30 period, 4-hour to daily charts use 20-40 period, weekly charts use 20-30 weeks.
ATR Length Parameter:
Controls the lookback period for Average True Range calculation, affecting channel width:
Short ATR Periods (5-10): Very responsive to recent volatility changes, standard is 10 (Keltner's original specification), may be too reactive in whipsaw conditions
Standard ATR Period (10 - Default): Chester Keltner's original specification, good balance between responsiveness and stability, most widely used
Medium ATR Periods (14-20): Smoother channel width, ATR 14 aligns with Wilder's original ATR specification, good for position trading
Long ATR Periods (20+): Very smooth channel width, suitable for long-term trend-following
Length vs. ATR Length Relationship: Equal values (20/20) provide balanced responsiveness, longer ATR (20/14) gives more stable channel width, shorter ATR (20/10) is standard configuration, much shorter ATR (20/5) creates very dynamic channels.
Multiplier Parameter:
Controls channel width by setting ATR multiples:
Lower Values (1.0-1.5): Tighter channels with frequent price touches, more trading signals, higher false signal rate, better for range-bound and mean-reversion strategies
Standard Value (2.0 - Default): Chester Keltner's recommended setting, good balance between signal frequency and reliability, suitable for both trending and ranging strategies
Higher Values (2.5-3.0): Wider channels with less frequent touches, fewer but potentially higher-quality signals, better for strong trending markets
Market-Specific Optimization: High volatility markets (crypto, small-caps) use 2.5-3.0 multiplier, medium volatility markets (major forex, large-caps) use 2.0 multiplier, low volatility markets (bonds, utilities) use 1.5-2.0 multiplier.
MA Type Parameter (Middle Band):
Critical selection that determines trend identification characteristics:
EMA (Exponential Moving Average - Default): Standard Keltner Channel choice, Chester Keltner's original specification, emphasizes recent prices, faster response to trend changes, suitable for all timeframes
SMA (Simple Moving Average): Equal weighting of all data points, no directional bias, slower than EMA, better for ranging markets and mean-reversion
HMA (Hull Moving Average): Minimal lag with smooth output, excellent for fast trend identification, best for day trading and scalping
TEMA (Triple Exponential Moving Average): Advanced smoothing with reduced lag, responsive to trends while filtering noise, suitable for volatile markets
T3 (Tillson T3): Very smooth with minimal lag, excellent for established trend identification, suitable for position trading
KAMA (Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average): Automatically adjusts speed based on market efficiency, slow in ranging markets, fast in trends, suitable for markets with varying conditions
ATR MA Type Parameter:
Determines how Average True Range is smoothed, affecting channel width stability:
RMA (Wilder's Smoothing - Default): J. Welles Wilder's original ATR smoothing method, very smooth, slow to adapt to volatility changes, provides stable channel width
SMA (Simple Moving Average): Equal weighting, moderate smoothness, faster response to volatility changes than RMA, more dynamic channel width
EMA (Exponential Moving Average): Emphasizes recent volatility, quick adaptation to new volatility regimes, very responsive channel width changes
TEMA (Triple Exponential Moving Average): Smooth yet responsive, good balance for varying volatility, suitable for most trading styles
Parameter Combination Strategies:
Conservative Trend-Following: Length 30/ATR Length 20/Multiplier 2.5, MA Type EMA or TEMA/ATR MA Type RMA, smooth trend with stable wide channels, suitable for position trading
Standard Balanced Approach: Length 20/ATR Length 10/Multiplier 2.0, MA Type EMA/ATR MA Type RMA, classic Keltner Channel configuration, suitable for general purpose swing trading
Aggressive Day Trading: Length 10-15/ATR Length 5-7/Multiplier 1.5-2.0, MA Type HMA or EMA/ATR MA Type EMA or SMA, fast trend with dynamic channels, suitable for scalping and day trading
Breakout Specialist: Length 20-30/ATR Length 5-10/Multiplier 2.0, MA Type SMA or WMA/ATR MA Type EMA or SMA, stable trend with responsive channel width
Adaptive All-Conditions: Length 20/ATR Length 10/Multiplier 2.0, MA Type KAMA or FRAMA/ATR MA Type KAMA or TEMA, self-adjusting to market conditions
Offset Parameter:
Controls horizontal positioning of channels on chart. Positive values shift channels to the right (future) for visual projection, negative values shift left (past) for historical analysis, zero (default) aligns with current price bars for real-time signal analysis. Offset affects only visual display, not alert conditions or actual calculations.
📈 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS & COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES
Keltner Channel Enhanced provides improvements over standard implementations while maintaining proven effectiveness.
Response Characteristics:
Standard EMA/RMA Configuration: Moderate trend lag (approximately 0.4 × length periods), smooth and stable channel width from RMA smoothing, good balance for most market conditions
Fast HMA/EMA Configuration: Approximately 60% reduction in trend lag compared to EMA, responsive channel width from EMA ATR smoothing, suitable for quick trend changes and breakouts
Adaptive KAMA/KAMA Configuration: Variable lag based on market efficiency, automatic adjustment to trending vs. ranging conditions, self-optimizing behavior reduces manual intervention
Comparison with Traditional Keltner Channels:
Enhanced Version Advantages:
Dual Algorithm Flexibility: Independent MA selection for trend and volatility vs. fixed EMA/RMA, separate tuning of trend responsiveness and channel stability
Market Adaptation: Choose configurations optimized for specific instruments and conditions, customize for scalping, swing, or position trading preferences
Comprehensive Alerts: Enhanced alert system including channel expansion detection
Traditional Version Advantages:
Simplicity: Fewer parameters, easier to understand and implement
Standardization: Fixed EMA/RMA combination ensures consistency across users
Research Base: Decades of backtesting and research on standard configuration
When to Use Enhanced Version: Trading multiple instruments with different characteristics, switching between trending and ranging markets, employing different strategies, algorithm-based trading systems requiring customization, seeking optimization for specific trading style and timeframe.
When to Use Standard Version: Beginning traders learning Keltner Channel concepts, following published research or trading systems, preferring simplicity and standardization, wanting to avoid optimization and curve-fitting risks.
Performance Across Market Conditions:
Strong Trending Markets: EMA or HMA basis with RMA or TEMA ATR smoothing provides quicker trend identification, pullbacks to basis offer excellent entry opportunities
Choppy/Ranging Markets: SMA or WMA basis with RMA ATR smoothing and lower multipliers, channel bounce strategies work well, avoid false breakouts
Volatile Markets: KAMA or FRAMA with EMA or TEMA, adaptive algorithms excel by automatic adjustment, wider multipliers (2.5-3.0) accommodate large price swings
Low Volatility/Consolidation: Channels narrow significantly indicating consolidation, algorithm choice less impactful, focus on detecting channel width contraction for breakout preparation
Keltner Channel vs. Bollinger Bands - Usage Comparison:
Favor Keltner Channels When: Trend-following is primary strategy, trading volatile instruments with gaps, want ATR-based volatility measurement, prefer fewer higher-quality channel touches, seeking stable channel width during trends.
Favor Bollinger Bands When: Mean-reversion is primary strategy, trading instruments with limited gaps, want statistical framework based on standard deviation, need squeeze patterns for breakout identification, prefer more frequent trading opportunities.
Use Both Together: Bollinger Band squeeze + Keltner Channel breakout is powerful combination, price outside Bollinger Bands but inside Keltner Channels indicates moderate signal, price outside both indicates very strong signal, Bollinger Bands for entries and Keltner Channels for trend confirmation.
Limitations and Considerations:
General Limitations:
Lagging Indicator: All moving averages lag price, even with reduced-lag algorithms
Trend-Dependent: Works best in trending markets, less effective in choppy conditions
No Direction Prediction: Indicates volatility and deviation, not future direction, requires confirmation
Enhanced Version Specific Considerations:
Optimization Risk: More parameters increase risk of curve-fitting historical data
Complexity: Additional choices may overwhelm beginning traders
Backtesting Challenges: Different algorithms produce different historical results
Mitigation Strategies:
Use Confirmation: Combine with momentum indicators (RSI, MACD), volume, or price action
Test Parameter Robustness: Ensure parameters work across range of values, not just optimized ones
Multi-Timeframe Analysis: Confirm signals across different timeframes
Proper Risk Management: Use appropriate position sizing and stops
Start Simple: Begin with standard EMA/RMA before exploring alternatives
Optimal Usage Recommendations:
For Maximum Effectiveness:
Start with standard EMA/RMA configuration to understand classic behavior
Experiment with alternatives on demo account or paper trading
Match algorithm combination to market condition and trading style
Use channel width analysis to identify market phases
Combine with complementary indicators for confirmation
Implement strict risk management using ATR-based position sizing
Focus on high-quality setups rather than trading every signal
Respect the trend: trade with basis direction for higher probability
Complementary Indicators:
RSI or Stochastic: Confirm momentum at channel extremes
MACD: Confirm trend direction and momentum shifts
Volume: Validate breakouts and trend strength
ADX: Measure trend strength, avoid Keltner signals in weak trends
Support/Resistance: Combine with traditional levels for high-probability setups
Bollinger Bands: Use together for enhanced breakout and volatility analysis
USAGE NOTES
This indicator is designed for technical analysis and educational purposes. Keltner Channel Enhanced has limitations and should not be used as the sole basis for trading decisions. While the flexible moving average selection for both trend and volatility components provides valuable adaptability across different market conditions, algorithm performance varies with market conditions, and past characteristics do not guarantee future results.
Key considerations:
Always use multiple forms of analysis and confirmation before entering trades
Backtest any parameter combination thoroughly before live trading
Be aware that optimization can lead to curve-fitting if not done carefully
Start with standard EMA/RMA settings and adjust only when specific conditions warrant
Understand that no moving average algorithm can eliminate lag entirely
Consider market regime (trending, ranging, volatile) when selecting parameters
Use ATR-based position sizing and risk management on every trade
Keltner Channels work best in trending markets, less effective in choppy conditions
Respect the trend direction indicated by price position relative to basis line
The enhanced flexibility of dual algorithm selection provides powerful tools for adaptation but requires responsible use, thorough understanding of how different algorithms behave under various market conditions, and disciplined risk management.
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MACD Enhanced [DCAUT]█ MACD Enhanced
📊 ORIGINALITY & INNOVATION
The MACD Enhanced represents a significant improvement over traditional MACD implementations. While Gerald Appel's original MACD from the 1970s was limited to exponential moving averages (EMA), this enhanced version expands algorithmic options by supporting 21 different moving average calculations for both the main MACD line and signal line independently.
This improvement addresses an important limitation of traditional MACD: the inability to adapt the indicator's mathematical foundation to different market conditions. By allowing traders to select from algorithms ranging from simple moving averages (SMA) for stability to advanced adaptive filters like Kalman Filter for noise reduction, this implementation changes MACD from a fixed-algorithm tool into a flexible instrument that can be adjusted for specific market environments and trading strategies.
The enhanced histogram visualization system uses a four-color gradient that helps communicate momentum strength and direction more clearly than traditional single-color histograms.
📐 MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATION
The core calculation maintains the proven MACD formula: Fast MA(source, fastLength) - Slow MA(source, slowLength), but extends it with algorithmic flexibility. The signal line applies the selected smoothing algorithm to the MACD line over the specified signal period, while the histogram represents the difference between MACD and signal lines.
Available Algorithms:
The implementation supports a comprehensive spectrum of technical analysis algorithms:
Basic Averages: SMA (arithmetic mean), EMA (exponential weighting), RMA (Wilder's smoothing), WMA (linear weighting)
Advanced Averages: HMA (Hull's low-lag), VWMA (volume-weighted), ALMA (Arnaud Legoux adaptive)
Mathematical Filters: LSMA (least squares regression), DEMA (double exponential), TEMA (triple exponential), ZLEMA (zero-lag exponential)
Adaptive Systems: T3 (Tillson T3), FRAMA (fractal adaptive), KAMA (Kaufman adaptive), MCGINLEY_DYNAMIC (reactive to volatility)
Signal Processing: ULTIMATE_SMOOTHER (low-pass filter), LAGUERRE_FILTER (four-pole IIR), SUPER_SMOOTHER (two-pole Butterworth), KALMAN_FILTER (state-space estimation)
Specialized: TMA (triangular moving average), LAGUERRE_BINOMIAL_FILTER (binomial smoothing)
Each algorithm responds differently to price action, allowing traders to match the indicator's behavior to market characteristics: trending markets benefit from responsive algorithms like EMA or HMA, while ranging markets require stable algorithms like SMA or RMA.
📊 COMPREHENSIVE SIGNAL ANALYSIS
Histogram Interpretation:
Positive Values: Indicate bullish momentum when MACD line exceeds signal line, suggesting upward price pressure and potential buying opportunities
Negative Values: Reflect bearish momentum when MACD line falls below signal line, indicating downward pressure and potential selling opportunities
Zero Line Crosses: MACD crossing above zero suggests transition to bullish bias, while crossing below indicates bearish bias shift
Momentum Changes: Rising histogram (regardless of positive/negative) signals accelerating momentum in the current direction, while declining histogram warns of momentum deceleration
Advanced Signal Recognition:
Divergences: Price making new highs/lows while MACD fails to confirm often precedes trend reversals
Convergence Patterns: MACD line approaching signal line suggests impending crossover and potential trade setup
Histogram Peaks: Extreme histogram values often mark momentum exhaustion points and potential reversal zones
🎯 STRATEGIC APPLICATIONS
Comprehensive Trend Confirmation Strategies:
Primary Trend Validation Protocol:
Identify primary trend direction using higher timeframe (4H or Daily) MACD position relative to zero line
Confirm trend strength by analyzing histogram progression: consistent expansion indicates strong momentum, contraction suggests weakening
Use secondary confirmation from MACD line angle: steep angles (>45°) indicate strong trends, shallow angles suggest consolidation
Validate with price structure: trending markets show consistent higher highs/higher lows (uptrend) or lower highs/lower lows (downtrend)
Entry Timing Techniques:
Pullback Entries in Uptrends: Wait for MACD histogram to decline toward zero line without crossing, then enter on histogram expansion with MACD line still above zero
Breakout Confirmations: Use MACD line crossing above zero as confirmation of upward breakouts from consolidation patterns
Continuation Signals: Look for MACD line re-acceleration (steepening angle) after brief consolidation periods as trend continuation signals
Advanced Divergence Trading Systems:
Regular Divergence Recognition:
Bullish Regular Divergence: Price creates lower lows while MACD line forms higher lows. This pattern is traditionally considered a potential upward reversal signal, but should be combined with other confirmation signals
Bearish Regular Divergence: Price makes higher highs while MACD shows lower highs. This pattern is traditionally considered a potential downward reversal signal, but trading decisions should incorporate proper risk management
Hidden Divergence Strategies:
Bullish Hidden Divergence: Price shows higher lows while MACD displays lower lows, indicating trend continuation potential. Use for adding to existing long positions during pullbacks
Bearish Hidden Divergence: Price creates lower highs while MACD forms higher highs, suggesting downtrend continuation. Optimal for adding to short positions during bear market rallies
Multi-Timeframe Coordination Framework:
Three-Timeframe Analysis Structure:
Primary Timeframe (Daily): Determine overall market bias and major trend direction. Only trade in alignment with daily MACD direction
Secondary Timeframe (4H): Identify intermediate trend changes and major entry opportunities. Use for position sizing decisions
Execution Timeframe (1H): Precise entry and exit timing. Look for MACD line crossovers that align with higher timeframe bias
Timeframe Synchronization Rules:
Daily MACD above zero + 4H MACD rising = Strong uptrend context for long positions
Daily MACD below zero + 4H MACD declining = Strong downtrend context for short positions
Conflicting signals between timeframes = Wait for alignment or use smaller position sizes
1H MACD signals only valid when aligned with both higher timeframes
Algorithm Considerations by Market Type:
Trending Markets: Responsive algorithms like EMA, HMA may be considered, but effectiveness should be tested for specific market conditions
Volatile Markets: Noise-reducing algorithms like KALMAN_FILTER, SUPER_SMOOTHER may help reduce false signals, though results vary by market
Range-Bound Markets: Stability-focused algorithms like SMA, RMA may provide smoother signals, but individual testing is required
Short Timeframes: Low-lag algorithms like ZLEMA, T3 theoretically respond faster but may also increase noise
Important Note: All algorithm choices and parameter settings should be thoroughly backtested and validated based on specific trading strategies, market conditions, and individual risk tolerance. Different market environments and trading styles may require different configuration approaches.
📋 DETAILED PARAMETER CONFIGURATION
Comprehensive Source Selection Strategy:
Price Source Analysis and Optimization:
Close Price (Default): Most commonly used, reflects final market sentiment of each period. Best for end-of-day analysis, swing trading, daily/weekly timeframes. Advantages: widely accepted standard, good for backtesting comparisons. Disadvantages: ignores intraday price action, may miss important highs/lows
HL2 (High+Low)/2: Midpoint of the trading range, reduces impact of opening gaps and closing spikes. Best for volatile markets, gap-prone assets, forex markets. Calculation impact: smoother MACD signals, reduced noise from price spikes. Optimal when asset shows frequent gaps, high volatility during specific sessions
HLC3 (High+Low+Close)/3: Weighted average emphasizing the close while including range information. Best for balanced analysis, most asset classes, medium-term trading. Mathematical effect: 33% weight to high/low, 33% to close, provides compromise between close and HL2. Use when standard close is too noisy but HL2 is too smooth
OHLC4 (Open+High+Low+Close)/4: True average of all price points, most comprehensive view. Best for complete price representation, algorithmic trading, statistical analysis. Considerations: includes opening sentiment, smoothest of all options but potentially less responsive. Optimal for markets with significant opening moves, comprehensive trend analysis
Parameter Configuration Principles:
Important Note: Different moving average algorithms have distinct mathematical characteristics and response patterns. The same parameter settings may produce vastly different results when using different algorithms. When switching algorithms, parameter settings should be re-evaluated and tested for appropriateness.
Length Parameter Considerations:
Fast Length (Default 12): Shorter periods provide faster response but may increase noise and false signals, longer periods offer more stable signals but slower response, different algorithms respond differently to the same parameters and may require adjustment
Slow Length (Default 26): Should maintain a reasonable proportional relationship with fast length, different timeframes may require different parameter configurations, algorithm characteristics influence optimal length settings
Signal Length (Default 9): Shorter lengths produce more frequent crossovers but may increase false signals, longer lengths provide better signal confirmation but slower response, should be adjusted based on trading style and chosen algorithm characteristics
Comprehensive Algorithm Selection Framework:
MACD Line Algorithm Decision Matrix:
EMA (Standard Choice): Mathematical properties: exponential weighting, recent price emphasis. Best for general use, traditional MACD behavior, backtesting compatibility. Performance characteristics: good balance of speed and smoothness, widely understood behavior
SMA (Stability Focus): Equal weighting of all periods, maximum smoothness. Best for ranging markets, noise reduction, conservative trading. Trade-offs: slower signal generation, reduced sensitivity to recent price changes
HMA (Speed Optimized): Hull Moving Average, designed for reduced lag. Best for trending markets, quick reversals, active trading. Technical advantage: square root period weighting, faster trend detection. Caution: can be more sensitive to noise
KAMA (Adaptive): Kaufman Adaptive MA, adjusts smoothing based on market efficiency. Best for varying market conditions, algorithmic trading. Mechanism: fast smoothing in trends, slow smoothing in sideways markets. Complexity: requires understanding of efficiency ratio
Signal Line Algorithm Optimization Strategies:
Matching Strategy: Use same algorithm for both MACD and signal lines. Benefits: consistent mathematical properties, predictable behavior. Best when backtesting historical strategies, maintaining traditional MACD characteristics
Contrast Strategy: Use different algorithms for optimization. Common combinations: MACD=EMA, Signal=SMA for smoother crossovers, MACD=HMA, Signal=RMA for balanced speed/stability, Advanced: MACD=KAMA, Signal=T3 for adaptive behavior with smooth signals
Market Regime Adaptation: Trending markets: both fast algorithms (EMA/HMA), Volatile markets: MACD=KALMAN_FILTER, Signal=SUPER_SMOOTHER, Range-bound: both slow algorithms (SMA/RMA)
Parameter Sensitivity Considerations:
Impact of Parameter Changes:
Length Parameter Sensitivity: Small parameter adjustments can significantly affect signal timing, while larger adjustments may fundamentally change indicator behavior characteristics
Algorithm Sensitivity: Different algorithms produce different signal characteristics. Thoroughly test the impact on your trading strategy before switching algorithms
Combined Effects: Changing multiple parameters simultaneously can create unexpected effects. Recommendation: adjust parameters one at a time and thoroughly test each change
📈 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS & COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES
Response Characteristics by Algorithm:
Fastest Response: ZLEMA, HMA, T3 - minimal lag but higher noise
Balanced Performance: EMA, DEMA, TEMA - good trade-off between speed and stability
Highest Stability: SMA, RMA, TMA - reduced noise but increased lag
Adaptive Behavior: KAMA, FRAMA, MCGINLEY_DYNAMIC - automatically adjust to market conditions
Noise Filtering Capabilities:
Advanced algorithms like KALMAN_FILTER and SUPER_SMOOTHER help reduce false signals compared to traditional EMA-based MACD. Noise-reducing algorithms can provide more stable signals in volatile market conditions, though results will vary based on market conditions and parameter settings.
Market Condition Adaptability:
Unlike fixed-algorithm MACD, this enhanced version allows real-time optimization. Trending markets benefit from responsive algorithms (EMA, HMA), while ranging markets perform better with stable algorithms (SMA, RMA). The ability to switch algorithms without changing indicators provides greater flexibility.
Comparative Performance vs Traditional MACD:
Algorithm Flexibility: 21 algorithms vs 1 fixed EMA
Signal Quality: Reduced false signals through noise filtering algorithms
Market Adaptability: Optimizable for any market condition vs fixed behavior
Customization Options: Independent algorithm selection for MACD and signal lines vs forced matching
Professional Features: Advanced color coding, multiple alert conditions, comprehensive parameter control
USAGE NOTES
This indicator is designed for technical analysis and educational purposes. Like all technical indicators, it has limitations and should not be used as the sole basis for trading decisions. Algorithm performance varies with market conditions, and past characteristics do not guarantee future results. Always combine with proper risk management and thorough strategy testing.
Larry Williams Bonus Track PatternThis strategy trades the day immediately following an Inside Day, under specific directional and timing conditions. It is designed for daily-based setups but executed on intraday charts to ensure orders are placed exactly at the open of the following day, rather than at the daily bar close.
Entry Conditions
Only trades on Monday, Thursday, or Friday.
The previous day must be an Inside Day (its high is lower than the prior high and its low is higher than the prior low).
The bar before the Inside Day must be bullish (close > open).
On the following day (t):
The daily open must be below both the Inside Day’s high and the highest high of the two days before that.
A buy stop is placed at the highest high of the three previous days (Inside Day and the two days before it).
If the new day’s open is already above that level (gap up), the strategy enters long immediately at the open.
Exit Rules
Stop Loss: Fixed, defined in points or percentage (user input).
FPO (First Profitable Open): the position is closed at the first daily open after the entry day where the open price is above the average entry price (the first profitable open).
Notes
The script must be applied on an intraday timeframe (e.g., 15-minute or 1-hour) so that the strategy can:
Detect the Inside Day pattern using daily data (request.security).
Execute orders in real time at the next day’s open.
Running it directly on the daily timeframe will delay executions by one bar due to Pine Script’s evaluation model.
GRG/RGR Signal, MA, Ranges and PivotsThis indicator is a combination of several indicators.
It is a combination of two of my indicators which I solely use for trading
1. EMA 10-20-50-200, Pivots and Previous Day/Week/Month range
2. 3/4-Bar GRG / RGR Pattern (Conditional 4th Candle)
You can use them individually if you already have some of them or just use this one. Belive me when I say, this is all you need, along with market structure knowlege and even if you don’t have that, this indicator has been doing wonders for me. This is all I use. I do not use anything else.
**Note - Do checkout the indicators individually as I have added valuable information in the comment section.
It contains the following,
1. 10 EMA/SMA - configurable
2. 20 EMA/SMA - configurable
3. 50 EMA/SMA - configurable
4. 200 EMA/SMA - configurable
5. Previous Day's Range - configurable
6. Previous Week's Range - configurable
7. Previous Month's Range - configurable
8. Pivots - configurable
9. Buy Sell Signal - configurable
The Moving Averages
It is a very important combination and using it correctly with price action will strengthen your entries and exits.
The ema's or sma's added are the most powerful ones and they do definitely act as support and resistance.
The Daily/Weekly/Monthly Ranges
The Daily/Weekly/Monthly ranges are extremely important for any trader and should be used for targets and reversals.
Pivots
Pivots can provide support and resistance level. R5 and S5 can be used to check for over stretched conditions. You can customise them however you like. It is a full pivot indicator.
It is defaulted to show R5 and S5 only to reduce noise in the chart but it can be customised.
The 3/4 RGR or GRG Signal Generator
Combined with a 3/4 RGR or GRG setup can be all a trader needs.
You don't need complex strategies and SMC concepts to trade. Simple EMAs, ranges and RGR/GRG setup is the most winning combination.
This indicator can be used to identify the Green-Red-Green or Red-Green-Red pattern.
It is a price action indicator where a price action which identifies the defeat of buyers and sellers.
If the buyers comprehensively defeat the sellers then the price moves up and if the sellers defeat the buyers then the price moves down.
In my trading experience this is what defines the price movement.
It is a 3 or 4 candle pattern, beyond that i.e, 5 or more candles could mean a very sideways market and unnecessary signal generation.
How does it work?
Upside/Green signal
1. Say candle 1 is Green, which means buyers stepped in, then candle 2 is Red or a Doji, that means sellers brought the price down. Then if candle 3 is forming to be Green and breaks the closing of the 1st candle and opening of the 2nd candle, then a green arrow will appear and that is the place where you want to take your trade.
2. Here the buyers defeated the sellers.
3. Sometimes candle 3 falls short but candle 4 breaks candle 1's closing and candle 2's opening price. We can enter on candle 4.
4. Important - We need to enter the trade as soon as the price moves above the candle 1 and 2's body and should not wait for the 3rd or 4th candle to close. Ignore wicks.
5. But for a more optimised entry I have added an option to use candle’s highs and lows instead of open and close. This reduces lot of noise and provides us with more precise entry. This setting is turned on by default.
6. I have restricted it to 4 candles and that is all that is needed. More than that is a longer sideways market.
7. I call it the +-+ or GRG pattern or Green-Red-Green or Buyer-Seller-Buyer or Seller defeated or just Buyer pattern.
8. Stop loss can be candle 2's mid for safe traders (that includes me) or candle 2's body low for risky traders.
9. Back testing suggests that body low will be useless and result in more points in loss because for the bigger move this point will not be touched, so why not get out faster.
Downside/Red signal
1. Say candle 1 is Red, which means sellers stepped in, then candle 2 is Green or a Doji, that means buyers took the price up. Then if candle 3 is forming to be Red and breaks the closing of the 1st candle and opening of the 2nd candle then a Red arrow will appear and that is the place where you want to take your trade.
2. Sometimes candle 3 falls short but candle 4 breaks candle 1's closing and candle 2's opening price. We can enter on candle 4.
3. We need to enter the trade as soon as the price moves below the candle 1 and 2's body and should not wait for the 3rd or 4th candle to close.
4. But for a more optimised entry I have added an option to use candle’s highs and lows instead of open and close. This reduces lot of noise and provides us with more precise entry. This setting is turned on by default.
5. I have restricted it to 4 candles and that is all that is needed. More than that is a longer sideways market.
6. I call it the -+- or RGR pattern or Red-Green-Red or Seller-Buyer-Seller or Buyer defeated or just Seller pattern.
7. Stop loss can be candle 2's mid for safe traders ( that includes me) or candle 2's body high for risky traders.
8. Back testing suggests that body high will be useless and result in more points in loss because for the bigger move this point will not be touched, so why not get out faster.
Combining Indicators and Signal
Combining these indicators with GRG/RGR signal can be very powerful and can provide big moves.
1. MA crossover and Signal - This is very powerful and provides a very big move. Trades can be held for longer. If after taking the trade we notice that the MA crossover has happened then trades can be held for higher targets.
2. Pivots and Signal - Pivots and add a support or resistance point. Take profits on these points. R5/S5 are over streched conditions so we can start looking for reversal signals and ignore other signals
3. Intraday Range - first 1, 5, 15 min of the day - Sideways days is when price will stay in these ranges. You can take profits at these ranges or if the range is broken and we get a signal, then it can mean that the direction will be sustained.
4. Previous Day/Week/Month Ranges - These can be used as Take Profit points if the price is moving towards them after getting the signal. If the range is broken and we get a signal then it can be a strong signal. They can also be used as reversal points if a strong signal is generated.
Important Settings
1. Include 4th Candle Confirmation - You can enable or disable the 4th candle signal to avoid the noise, but at times I have noticed that the 4th candle gives a very strong signal or I can say that the strong signal falls on the 4th candle. This is mostly a coincidence.
2. Bars to check (default 10) - You can also configure how many previous bars should the signal be generated for. 10 to 30 is good enough. To backtest increase it to 2000 or 5000 for example.
3. Use Candle High/Low for confirmation instead of Candle Open/Close - More optimized entry and noise reduction. This option is now defaulted to false.
4. Show Green-Red-Green (bull) signals - Show only bull entries. Useful when I have a predefined view i.e, I know market is going to go up today.
5. Show Red-Green-Red (bear) signals - Show only bear entries. Useful when I have a predefined view i.e, I know market is going to go down today.
6. 3rd candle should be a Strong candle before considering 4th candle - This will enforce additional logic in 4 candle setup that the 3rd candle is the candle in our direction of breakout. This means something like GRGG is mandatory, which is still the default behaviour. If disabled, the 3rd candle can be any candle and 4th candle will act as our breakout candle. This behaviour has led to breakouts and breakdowns as times, hence I added this as a separate feature. Vice-versa for a RGGR.
For a 4 candle setup till now we were expecting GRGG or RGRR but we can let the system ignore the 3rd candle completely if needed.
This will result in additional signals.
7. Three intraday ranges added for index and stock traders - 1 min, 5 min and 15 min ranges will be displayed. These are disabled by default except 15 min. These are very important ranges and in sideways days the price will usually move within the 15 min. A breakout of this range and a positive signal can be a very powerful setup.
Safe traders can avoid taking a trade in this range as it can lead to fakeouts.
The line style, width, color and opacity are configurable.
Pointers/Golden Rules
1. If after taking the trade, the next candle moves in your direction and closes strong bullish or bearish, then move SL to break even and after that you can trail it.
2. If a upside trade hits SL and immediately a down side trade signal is generated on the next candle then take it. Vice versa is true.
3. Trades need to be taken on previous 2 candle's body high or low combined and not the wicks.
4. The most losses a trader takes is on a sideways day and because in our strategy the stop loss is so small that even on a sideways day we'll get out with a little profit or worst break even.
5. Hold trades for longer targets and don't panic.
6. If last 3-4 days have been sideways then there is a good probability that today will be trending so we can hold our trade for longer targets. Inverse is true when the market has been trending for 2-3 days then volatility followed by sideways is coming (DOW theory). Target to hold the trade for whole day and not exit till the day closes.
7. In general avoid trading in the middle of the day for index and stocks. Divide the day into 3 parts and avoid the middle.
8. Use Support/Resistance, 10, 20, 50, 200 EMA/SMA, Gaps, Whole/Round numbers(very imp) for identifying targets.
9. Trail your SL.
10. For indexes I would use 5 min and 15 min timeframe and at times 10 mins.
11. For commodities and crypto we can use higher timeframe as well. Look for signals during volatile time durations and avoid trading the whole day. Signal usually gives good targets on those times.
12. If a GRG or RGR pattern appears on a daily timeframe then this is our time to go big.
13. Minimum Risk to Reward should be 1:2 and for longer targets can be 1:4 to 1:10.
14. Trade with small lot size. Money management will happen automatically.
15. With small lot size and correct Risk-Reward we can be very profitable. Don't trade with big lot size.
16. Stay in the market for longer and collect points not money.
17. Very imp - Watch market and learn to generate a market view.
18. Very imp - Only 3 type of candles are needed in trading -
Strong Bullish (Big Green candle), Strong Bearish (Big Red candle),
Hammer (it is Strong Bullish), Inverse Hammer (it is Strong Bearish)
and Doji (indecision or confusion).
If on daily timeframe I see Strong Bullish candle previous day then I am biased to the upside the next day, if I see Strong Bearish candle the previous day then I am biased to the downside the next day, if I see Doji on the previous day then I am cautious the next day, if there are back to back Dojis forming in daily or weekly then I am preparing for big move so time to go big once I get the signal.
19. Most Important Candlestick pattern - Bullish and Bearish Engulfing
20. The only Chart patterns I need -
a) Falling Wedge/Channel Bullish Pattern Uptrend or Bull Flag - Buying - Forming over a couple days for intraday and forming over a couple of weeks for swing
b) Falling Wedge/Channel Bullish Pattern Downtrend or Falling Channel - Buying
c) Rising Wedge Bearish Pattern Uptrend or Rising Channel - Selling
d) Rising Wedge Bearish Pattern Downtrend or Bear flag - Selling
e) Head and Shoulder - Over a longer period not for intraday. In 15 min takes few days and for swing 1hr or 4h or daily can take few days
f) M and W pattern - Reversal Patterns - They form within the above 4 patterns, usually resulting in the break of trend line
21. How Gaps work -
a) Small Gap up in Uptrend - Market can fill the gap and reverse. The perception is that people are buying. If previous day candle was Strong Bullish then market view is up.
b) Big Gap up in Uptrend - Not news driven - Profit booking will come but may not fill the entire gap
c) Big Gap up in Uptrend - News driven, war related, tax, interest rate - Market can keep going up without stopping.
c) Flat opening in Uptrend - Big chance of market going up. If previous day candle was Strong Bullish then view is upwards, if it was Doji then still upwards.
d) Gap down in Uptrend - Market is surprised. After going down initially it can go up
e) Small Gap down in Downtrend - Market can fill the gap and keep moving down. If previous day candle was Strong Bearish then view is still down.
f) Flat opening in Downtrend - View is down, short today.
g) Big Gap down in Downtrend - Profit booking and foolish buying will come but market view is still down.
h) Gap down with News - Volatility, sideways then down.
i) Gap Up in Downtrend - Can move up - Price can move up during 2/3rd of the day and End of the day revert and close in red.
22. Go big on bearish days for option traders. Puts are better bought and Calls are better sold.
23. Cluster of green signals can lead to bigger move on the upside and vice versa for red signals.
24. Most of this is what I learned from successful traders (from the top 2%) only the indicator is mine.
Crypto ETFs AUM📘 Description: BTC ETFs AUM Tracker
This indicator tracks the Assets Under Management (AUM) and daily inflows/outflows of the main U.S.-listed Bitcoin ETFs, allowing you to visualize institutional capital movement into Bitcoin products over time. It helps traders correlate institutional capital movement with Bitcoin price behavior.
🧩 Overview
The script adds up the daily AUM changes from selected Bitcoin ETFs to estimate the total net inflow/outflow of capital into spot BTC funds. It also accumulates those flows over time to display the total aggregated AUM balance, giving you a clearer sense of market direction and institutional sentiment. Two display modes are available: Balance view: plots the cumulative sum of net inflows (total ETF AUM). Inflows view: shows daily inflows (green) and outflows (red) as histogram columns, together with a smoothed moving average line.
⚙️ Inputs
Explained Base Settings Base Multiplier (base_multi) – Scaling factor applied to all AUM values. Leave at 1 for USD units, or adjust to display values in millions (1e6) or billions (1e9). Smoothing (c_smoothing) – Period length for the simple moving average used to calculate the smoothed mean inflow/outflow line. Show Balance (showBalance) – When enabled, displays the total cumulative AUM balance (sum of all net inflows over time). Show Inflows (showInflows) – When enabled, displays the daily inflows/outflows as colored columns. ETF Selection You can toggle which ETFs are included in the calculation:
BIT (BlackRock)
GBTC (Grayscale)
FBTC (Fidelity)
ARKB (ARK/21Shares)
BITB (Bitwise)
EZBC (Franklin Templeton)
BTCW (WisdomTree)
BTCO (Invesco Galaxy)
BRRR (Valkyrie)
HODL (VanEck)
Each switch determines whether the ETF’s AUM and daily flow data are included in the total calculation.
📊 Displayed Values Green Columns → Positive daily net inflows (AUM increased). Red Columns → Negative daily net outflows (AUM decreased). Orange Line → Smoothed moving average of net flows, used to identify persistent inflow/outflow trends. Blue Line (if enabled) → Total cumulative AUM balance (sum of all historical flows).
💡 Usage Notes Works best on daily timeframe, since ETF data is typically updated once per trading day. Not all ETFs have identical data history; missing data points are automatically skipped. The indicator doesn’t represent official fund NAV or guarantee data accuracy — it visualizes TradingView’s public financial feed. You can combine this tool with price action or on-chain metrics to analyze institutional Bitcoin flows.
Note: Some ETF data may not be available to all users depending on their TradingView data subscription or market access. Missing values are automatically skipped.
🧠 Disclaimer This script is for educational and analytical purposes only. It is not financial advice, and no investment decisions should be based solely on this indicator. Data accuracy depends on TradingView’s financial data sources and exchange reporting frequency.
ICT Essentials [LDT]ICT Essentials
Overview
ICT Essentials is an all-in-one trading utility built to create a natural and efficient workflow for ICT-based traders.
Every component has been designed to integrate seamlessly and update dynamically across timeframes.
The indicator focuses on clarity, performance and customization, allowing traders to tailor every part of their trading experience.
Equal Highs & Lows
This feature automatically detects and marks Equal Highs (EQH) and Equal Lows (EQL) with full control over visuals and behavior.
Users can customize line colors, widths, and styles, label size, color, background transparency and text offset.
The logic uses an optimized scanning and caching system that maintains smooth performance even on higher timeframes.
It provides a precise and adaptive way to identify structural liquidity points whilst keeping the chart clean and readable.
Killzones & Session Pivots
Plots the main trading sessions such as Asia, London and New York (AM, Lunch, PM) with full flexibility and styling options.
Each session can be enabled or disabled individually, with its own color, transparency and label preferences.
Session highs and lows are automatically tracked and plotted as pivots with extension modes like Until Mitigated or Past Mitigation.
This system gives traders the ability to organize market sessions exactly how they prefer whilst keeping the chart consistent and efficient.
Daily Pivots and Tier System
Alongside session pivots, the script tracks daily highs and lows to provide a broader structural view of price. These pivots are stored and displayed on the chart with their appearance updating automatically when price interacts with them.
The system includes a unique tier-based visibility filter that maintains a clean chart by preventing duplicate or overlapping pivots. Recent daily pivots are cached and compared to session pivots and when two levels fall within a defined proximity, the redundant one is automatically hidden. This creates a clear hierarchy of daily and session levels, keeping the most relevant structure visible whilst removing noise.
All aspects of the daily pivot system are fully customizable, including the number of tracked pivots, color, style settings and how mitigated levels are handled. The caching and filtering logic ensures smooth performance and a visually organized workspace even as the data updates in real time.
Key Times
Allows up to five custom key time markers such as the Midnight Open, 6:00 AM or 10:00 AM.
Each marker can be fully customized with its own text, color, line style and thickness.
This makes it simple to visualize key reaction points that align with each traders timing model.
Higher Timeframe Candles
Displays higher timeframe candles such as 1H, 4H or Daily directly on the active chart to provide context without switching views.
Users can customize body, wick and border colors, along with adding optional trace lines for the open, close, high and low and can also show the countdown timers for remaining candle time.
Adjustable spacing, positioning and label visibility makes the display blend naturally with any trading setup.
This module helps traders connect multiple timeframes visually in a clean and intuitive way.
Watermark
Adds a customizable watermark with title, subtitle and symbol or timeframe information.
Every element can be adjusted for color, size, transparency, alignment and position.
The result is a polished, professional chart layout that adapts to the user's personal style.
Optimization and Design
ICT Essentials is built for performance, using cached arrays and lightweight calculations to maintain responsiveness on all timeframes.
Each feature can be toggled individually to suit the traders focus or system performance.
The script delivers a fluid, customizable and highly optimized trading experience designed to feel natural and effortless in day-to-day use.
Credits
This script takes reference and inspiration from several open-source indicators:
Equal Highs and Lows by jzstur
ICT HTF Candles (fadi) by fadizeidan
ICT Killzones + Pivots EP by tradeforopp
AG FX - Watermark by AGFXTRADING
All components have been refactored, optimized and unified into a single framework for a smoother and more efficient workflow.
Gap ZonesThis TradingView indicator automatically detects daily price gaps and plots them clearly on any timeframe (intraday or daily).
It helps visualize where unfilled gaps are sitting, track whether they’ve been filled, and control how far the zone extends.
Key Features
1. Daily Gap Detection
• Works even when you’re on intraday charts (uses daily OHLC data).
• Marks both gap up (potential support zones) and gap down (potential resistance zones).
2. Shaded Gap Zones
• Each gap is highlighted as a band (greenish for up, reddish for down).
• Option to turn shading off if you just want horizontal lines.
3. Hide When Filled
• Once price closes or touches the far side of the gap, it disappears (configurable: Touch vs Close).
4. Lookback Window
• Gaps only show if they occurred within the past X trading days (default: 30).
• Prevents your chart from being cluttered with ancient gaps.
5. Multiple Gaps Tracked
• Can track up to 5 recent gaps simultaneously.
• Oldest gaps “roll off” as new ones form.
6. Finite Right-Edge Guides
• Optional horizontal guide lines extend to the right, but only for a fixed number of bars (default: 50).
• Cleaner than infinite extensions.
7. Gap-Day Marker
• Optional vertical line drawn on the bar where the gap first occurred.
⸻
⚙️ Inputs & Settings
When you apply the indicator, you’ll see these options:
• Lookback (trading days): How far back to scan for gaps (default 30).
• Max gaps to show (1..5): How many simultaneous gap zones to display.
• Min gap size (% of prior close): Filter out tiny gaps (default 0.25%).
• Hide gaps once filled: Removes a gap from the chart once filled.
• Fill rule uses CLOSE (off = Touch):
• Touch = filled when price trades through the level intraday.
• Close = filled only when a candle close crosses it.
• Show shading: Toggle zone fills on/off.
• Show vertical marker on gap day: Toggle gap-day marker line.
• Show finite right-edge lines: Toggle horizontal lines extending right.
• Right line length (bars): How far those lines extend (default 50 bars).
⸻
🟢 How to Use It
1. Apply on Any Chart
• Works best on daily or intraday (5m, 15m, 1h).
• Gaps are always calculated from daily data, so intraday charts will show higher-timeframe gaps correctly.
2. Interpret Colors
• Green shading = Gap Up (often acts as support).
• Red shading = Gap Down (often acts as resistance).
3. Watch for Fills
• When price re-enters the gap zone, the indicator checks if it’s “filled” (based on your Touch/Close setting).
• If “Hide When Filled” is on, the zone vanishes.
4. Trade Context
• Many traders use gaps as targets (expecting a fill) or levels of support/resistance.
• Combined with your bull put/bear call spread strategies, it helps confirm strong levels.
LA - Opening Price based Previous day Range PivotThis "LA - Opening Price based Previous day Range Pivot" indicator is a custom technical analysis tool designed for Trading View charts. It plots support and resistance levels (often referred to as pivots or ranges) based on the current opening price combined with the previous period's trading range. The "previous period" can be daily, weekly, or monthly, making it a multi-timeframe tool. These levels are projected using Fibonacci-inspired multipliers to create potential breakout or reversal zones.
The core idea is inspired by concepts like the Opening Range Breakout (ORB) strategy or Fibonacci pivots, but it's customized here to use a dynamic range calculation (the maximum of several absolute price differences) rather than a simple high-low range. This makes it more robust for volatile markets. Levels are symmetric above (resistance) and below (support) the opening price, helping traders identify potential entry/exit points, stop-losses, or targets. This will be useful when there is a gap-up/down as in Nifty/Sensex .
Purpose of the Indicator:
To visualize potential support/resistance zones for the current trading session based on the opening price and historical range data. This helps traders anticipate price movements, such as breakouts above resistance or bounces off support
Use Cases:
Intraday Trading: On lower timeframes (e.g., 5-min or 15-min charts), it shows daily levels for short-term trades.
Swing Trading: On higher timeframes (e.g., hourly or daily), it displays weekly/monthly levels for longer holds.
Range Identification: The filled bands highlight "zones" where price might consolidate or reverse.
Conditional Display: Levels only appear on appropriate timeframes (e.g., daily levels on intraday charts <60min), preventing clutter.
Theoretical Basis: It builds on pivot point theory, where the opening price acts as a central pivot. Multipliers (e.g., 0.618 for Fibonacci golden ratio) project levels, assuming price often respects these ratios due to market psychology.
How Calculations Work
Let's dive into the math with examples. Assume a stock with:
Current daily open (cdo) = $100
Previous daily high (pdh) = $105, low (pdl) = $95, close (pdc) = $102, close 2 days ago (pdc2) = $98
Step 1: Dynamic Range Calculation (var_d2):
This is the max of:
|pdh - pdc2| = |105 - 98| = 7
|pdl - pdc2| = |95 - 98| = 3
|pdh - pdl| = |105 - 95| = 10 (previous day range)
|pdh - cdo| = |105 - 100| = 5
|pdl - cdo| = |95 - 100| = 5
|pdc - cdo| = |102 - 100| = 2
|pdc2 - cdo| = |98 - 100| = 2
Max = 10 (so range = 10). This ensures the range accounts for gaps and extended moves, not just high-low.
Step 2: Level Projections:
Resistance (above open): Open + (Range * Multiplier)
dre6 = 100 + (10 * 1.5) = 115
dre5 = 100 + (10 * 1.27) ≈ 112.7
... down to dre0 = 100 + (10 * 0.1) = 101
dre50 = 100 + (10 * 0.5) = 105 (midpoint)
Support (below open): Open - (Range * Multiplier)
dsu0 = 100 - (10 * 0.1) = 99
... up to dsu6 = 100 - (10 * 1.5) = 85
Without Indicator
With Indicator
Pros and Cons
Pros:
Multi-Timeframe Flexibility: Seamlessly integrates daily, weekly, and monthly levels, useful for aligning short-term trades with longer trends (e.g., intraday breakout confirmed by weekly support).
Dynamic Range Calculation: Unlike standard pivots (just (H+L+C)/3), it uses max of multiple diffs, capturing gaps/volatility better—great for stocks with overnight moves.
Customizable via Inputs: Users can toggle levels, adjust multipliers, or change timeframes without editing code. Inline inputs keep the UI clean.
Visual Aids: Filled bands make zones obvious; conditional colors highlight "tight" vs. "wide" ranges (e.g., for volatility assessment).
Fibonacci Integration: Levels based on proven ratios, appealing to technical traders. Symmetric supports/resistances simplify strategy building (e.g., buy at support, sell at resistance).
No Repainting: Uses historical data with lookahead, so levels are fixed once calculated—reliable for back-testing.
Cons:
Chart Clutter: With all toggles on, 50+ plots/fills can overwhelm the chart, especially on mobile or small screens. Requires manual disabling.
Complexity for Beginners: Many inputs and calculations; without understanding fib ratios or range logic, it might confuse new users.
Performance Overhead: On low timeframes (e.g., 1-min), fetching higher TF data multiple times could lag, especially with many symbols or back-tests.
Assumes Volatility Persistence: Relies on previous range projecting future moves; in low-vol markets (e.g., sideways trends), levels may be irrelevant or too wide/narrow.
No Alerts or Signals: Purely visual; no built-in buy/sell alerts or crossover conditions—users must add separately.
Hardcoded Styles/Colors: Limited customization without code edits (e.g., can't change line styles via inputs).
Also, not optimized for non-stock assets (e.g., forex with 24/7 trading).
In summary, this is a versatile pivot tool for range-based trading based on Opening price, excelling in volatile markets but requiring some setup. If you're using it, start with defaults on a daily chart and toggle off unnecessary levels.
Hedge Pressure Index (HPI)Hedge Pressure Index (HPI)
Overview
The Hedge Pressure Index (HPI) is a flow-aware indicator that fuses daily options Open Interest (OI) with intraday put/call volume to estimate the directional hedging pressure of market makers and dealers. It helps traders visualize whether options flow is creating mechanical buy/sell pressure in IWM, and when that pressure may be shifting.
What HPI Shows
Daily OI Baseline (white line): Net OI carried forward intraday (Put OI − λ × Call OI). Updated once daily before the open.
Intraday Flow (teal line): Net put minus λ × call volume in real time. Smoothed to show underlying flow.
Spread Histogram (gray): Divergence between intraday flow and daily OI.
HPI Proxy Histogram (blue): Intraday hedge-pressure intensity. Strong extremes indicate heavy one-sided dealer hedging.
Trading Signals
Crossover:
When intraday Volume line crosses above OI, it suggests bullish hedge pressure.
When Volume line crosses below OI, it suggests bearish hedge pressure.
Z-Score Extremes:
HPI ≥ +1.5 → strong mechanical bid.
HPI ≤ −1.5 → strong mechanical offer.
Alerts: Built in for both crossovers and extreme readings.
How to Use HPI
1. Confirmation Tool (recommended for most traders):
Trade your usual price/technical setups.
Use HPI as a confirmation: only take trades that align with the hedge pressure direction.
2. Flow Bias (advanced):
Use HPI direction intraday as a standalone bias.
Fade signals when the histogram mean-reverts or crosses zero.
Best practice: Focus on the open and first 2 hours where hedging flows are most active. Combine with ATR/time-based stops.
Inputs
Demo Mode: If no OI/volume feed is set, the script uses chart volume for layout.
λ (Call Weight): Adjusts how much call volume offsets put volume (default = 1.0).
Smoothing Length: Smooths intraday flow line.
Z-Score Lookback: Sets lookback window for HPI extremes.
Custom Symbols:
Daily Net OI (pre-open OI difference).
Intraday Put Volume.
Intraday Call Volume.
Setup Instructions
Add the indicator to an IWM chart.
In Inputs, either keep Demo Mode ON (for layout) or enter your vendor’s Daily Net OI / Put Volume / Call Volume symbols.
Set alerts for crossovers and strong HPI readings to catch flow shifts in real time.
Optionally tune λ and smoothing to match your feed’s scale.
Notes
This is a proxy for dealer hedge pressure. For highest accuracy, replace the proxy histogram with gamma-weighted flow by strike/DTE when your data feed supports it.
Demo mode is for visualization only; live use requires a valid OI and volume feed.
Disclaimer
This script is for educational and research purposes only. It is not financial advice. Options and derivatives carry significant risk. Always test in a demo environment before using live capital.
CMC Macro Regime PanelOverview (what it is):
A macro‑regime gate built entirely from TradingView-native symbols (CRYPTOCAP, FRED, DXY/VIX, HYG/LQD). It aggregates central‑bank liquidity (Fed balance sheet − RRP − Treasury General Account), USD strength, credit conditions, stablecoin flows/dominance, tech beta and BTC–NDX co‑move into one normalized score (CLRC). The panel outputs Risk‑ON/OFF regimes, an Early 3/5 pre‑signal, and an automatic BTC vs ETH vs ALTs preference. It is intentionally scoped to Daily & Weekly reads (no intraday timing). Publish with a clean chart and a clear description as per TradingView rules.
TradingView
Why we also use other TradingView screens (and why that is compliant)
This script pulls data via request.security() from official TV symbols only; users often want to open the raw series on separate charts to sanity‑check:
CRYPTOCAP indices: TOTAL, TOTAL2, TOTAL3 (market cap aggregates) and dominance tickers like BTC.D, USDT.D. Helpful for regime & rotation (ALTs vs BTC). TradingView provides definitions for crypto market cap and dominance symbols.
TradingView
+3
TradingView
+3
TradingView
+3
FRED releases: WALCL (Fed assets, weekly), RRPONTSYD (ON RRP, daily), WTREGEN (TGA, weekly), M2SL (M2, monthly). These are the official macro sources exposed on TV.
FRED
+3
FRED
+3
FRED
+3
Risk proxies: TVC:DXY (USD index), TVC:VIX (implied vol), AMEX:HYG/AMEX:LQD (credit), NASDAQ:NDX (tech beta), BINANCE:ETHBTC. VIX/NDX relationship is well-documented; VIX measures 30‑day expected S&P500 vol.
TradingView
+2
TradingView
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Compliance note: Using multiple screens is optional for users, but it explains/justifies how components work together (a requirement for public scripts). Keep publication chart clean; use extra screens only to illustrate in the description.
TradingView
How it works (high level)
Liquidity block (Weekly/Monthly)
Net Liquidity = WALCL − RRPONTSYD − WTREGEN (YoY z‑score). WALCL is weekly (as of Wednesday) via H.4.1; RRP is daily; TGA is a Fed liability series. M2 YoY is monthly.
FRED
+3
FRED
+3
FRED
+3
Risk conditions (Daily)
DXY 3‑month momentum (inverted), VIX level (inverted), Credit (HYG/LQD ratio or HY OAS). VIX is a 30‑day constant‑maturity implied vol index per Cboe methodology.
Cboe
+1
Crypto‑internal (Daily)
Stablecoins (USDT+USDC+DAI 30‑day log change), USDT dominance (20‑day, inverted), TOTAL3 (63‑day momentum). Dominance symbols on TV follow a documented formula.
TradingView
Beta & co‑move (Daily)
NDX 63‑day momentum, BTC↔NDX 90‑day correlation.
All components become z‑scores (optionally clipped), weighted, missing inputs drop and weights renormalize. We never use lookahead; we confirm on bar close to avoid repainting per Pine docs (barstate.isconfirmed, multi‑TF).
TradingView
+2
TradingView
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What you see on the chart
White line (CLRC) = macro regime score.
Background: Green = Risk‑ON, Red = Risk‑OFF, Teal = Early 3/5 (pre‑signal).
Table: shows each component’s z‑score and the Preference: BTC / ETH / ALTs / Mixed.
Signals & interpretation
Designed for Daily (1D) and Weekly (1W) only.
Regime gates (default Fast preset):
Enter ON: CLRC ≥ +0.8; Hold ON while ≥ +0.5.
Enter OFF: CLRC ≤ −1.0; Hold OFF while ≤ −0.5.
0 / ±1 reading: CLRC is a standardized composite.
~0 = neutral baseline (no macro edge).
≥ +1 = strong macro tailwind (≈ +1σ).
≤ −1 = strong headwind (≈ −1σ).
Early 3/5 (teal): a fast pre‑signal when at least 3 of 5 daily checks align: USDT.D↓, DXY↓, VIX↓, HYG/LQD↑, ETHBTC↑ or TOTAL3↑. It often precedes a full ON flip—use for pre‑positioning rather than full sizing.
BTC/ETH/ALTs selector (only when ON):
ALTs when BTC.D↓ and (ETHBTC↑ or TOTAL3↑) ⇒ rotate down the risk curve.
BTC when BTC.D↑ and ETHBTC↓ ⇒ keep it concentrated.
ETH when ETHBTC↑ while BTC.D flat/up ⇒ add ETH beta.
(Dominance mechanics are documented by TV.)
TradingView
Dissonance (incompatibility) rules — when to stand down
Use these overrides to avoid false comfort:
CLRC > +1 but USDT.D↑ and/or VIX spikes day‑over‑day → downgrade to Neutral; wait for USDT.D to stabilize and VIX to cool (VIX is a fear gauge of 30‑day expectation).
Cboe Global Markets
CLRC > +1 but DXY↑ sharply (USD squeeze) → size below normal; require DXY momentum to roll over.
CLRC < −1 but Early 3/5 = true two days in a row → start reducing underweights; look for ON flip within a few bars.
NetLiq improving (W) but credit (HYG/LQD) deteriorating (D) → treat as mixed regime; prefer BTC over ALTs.
How to use (step‑by‑step)
A. Read on Daily (1D) — main regime
Open CRYPTOCAP:TOTAL3, 1D (panel applied).
Wait for bar close (use alerts on confirmed bar). Pine docs recommend barstate.isconfirmed to avoid repainting on realtime bars.
TradingView
If ON, check Preference (BTC / ETH / ALTs).
Then drop to 4H on your trading pair for micro entries (this indicator itself is not for intraday timing).
B. Confirm weekly macro (1W) — once per week)
Review WALCL/RRP/TGA after the H.4.1 release on Thursdays ~4:30 pm ET. WALCL is “Weekly, as of Wednesday”; M2 is Monthly—so do not expect daily responsiveness from these.
Federal Reserve
+2
FRED
+2
Recommended check times (practical schedule)
Daily regime read: right after your chart’s daily close (confirmed bar). For consistent timing across crypto, many users set chart timezone to UTC and read ~00:05 UTC; you can change chart timezone in TV’s settings.
TradingView
In‑day monitoring: optional spot checks 16:00 & 20:00 UTC (DXY/VIX move during US hours), but act only after the daily bar confirms.
Weekly macro pass: Thu 21:30–22:30 UTC (after H.4.1 4:30 pm ET) or Fri after daily close, to let weekly FRED series propagate.
Federal Reserve
Limitations & data latency (be explicit)
Higher‑TF data & confirmation: FRED weekly/monthly series will not reflect intraday risk in crypto; we aggregate them for regime, not for entry timing.
Repainting 101: Realtime bars move until close. This script does not use lookahead and follows Pine guidance on multi‑TF series; still, always act on confirmed bars.
TradingView
+1
Public‑library compliance: Title EN‑only; description starts in EN; clean chart; justify component mash‑up; no lookahead; no unrealistic claims.
TradingView
Alerts you can use
“Macro Risk‑ON (entry)” — fires on ON flip (confirmed bar).
“Macro Risk‑OFF (entry)” — fires on OFF flip.
“Early 3/5” — fires when the teal pre‑signal appears (not a regime flip).
“Preference change” — BTC/ETH/ALTs toggles while ON.
Publish note: Alerts are fine; just avoid implying guaranteed accuracy/performance.
TradingView
Background research (why these inputs matter)
Liquidity → Crypto: Fed H.4.1 timing and series definitions (WALCL, RRP, TGA) formalize the “net liquidity” concept used here.
FRED
+3
Federal Reserve
+3
FRED
+3
Stablecoins ↔ Non‑stable crypto: empirical work shows bi‑directional causality between stablecoin market cap and non‑stable crypto cap; stablecoin growth co‑moves with broader crypto activity.
Global liquidity link: world liquidity positively relates to total crypto market cap; lagged effects are observed at monthly horizons.
VIX/Uncertainty effect: fear shocks impair BTC’s “safe haven” behavior; VIX is a meaningful risk‑off read.
Contrarian Period High & LowContrarian Period High & Low
This indicator pairs nicely with the Contrarian 100 MA and can be located here:
Overview
The "Contrarian Period High & Low" indicator is a powerful technical analysis tool designed for traders seeking to identify key support and resistance levels and capitalize on contrarian trading opportunities. By tracking the highest highs and lowest lows over user-defined periods (Daily, Weekly, or Monthly), this indicator plots historical levels and generates buy and sell signals when price breaks these levels in a contrarian manner. A unique blue dot counter and action table enhance decision-making, making it ideal for swing traders, trend followers, and those trading forex, stocks, or cryptocurrencies. Optimized for daily charts, it can be adapted to other timeframes with proper testing.
How It Works
The indicator identifies the highest high and lowest low within a specified period (e.g., daily, weekly, or monthly) and draws horizontal lines for the previous period’s extremes on the chart. These levels act as dynamic support and resistance zones. Contrarian signals are generated when the price crosses below the previous period’s low (buy signal) or above the previous period’s high (sell signal), indicating potential reversals. A blue dot counter tracks consecutive buy signals, and a table displays the count and recommended action, helping traders decide whether to hold or flip positions.
Key Components
Period High/Low Levels: Tracks the highest high and lowest low for each period, plotting red lines for highs and green lines for lows from the bar where they occurred, extending for a user-defined length (default: 200 bars).
Contrarian Signals: Generates buy signals (blue circles) when price crosses below the previous period’s low and sell signals (white circles) when price crosses above the previous period’s high, designed to capture potential reversals.
Blue Dot Tracker: Counts consecutive buy signals (“blue dots”). If three or more occur, it suggests a stronger trend, with the table recommending whether to “Hold Investment” or “Flip Investment.”
Action Table: A 2x2 table in the bottom-right corner displays the blue dot count and action (“Hold Investment” if count ≥ 4, else “Flip Investment”) for quick reference.
Mathematical Concepts
Period Detection: Uses an approximate bar count to define periods (1 bar for Daily, 5 bars for Weekly, 20 bars for Monthly on a daily chart). When a new period starts, the previous period’s high/low is finalized and plotted.
High/Low Tracking:
Highest high (periodHigh) and lowest low (periodLow) are updated within the period.
Lines are drawn at these levels when the period ends, starting from the bar where the extreme occurred (periodHighBar, periodLowBar).
Signal Logic:
Buy signal: ta.crossunder(close , prevPeriodLow) and not lowBroken and barstate.isconfirmed
Sell signal: ta.crossover(close , prevPeriodHigh) and not highBroken and barstate.isconfirmed
Flags (highBroken, lowBroken) prevent multiple signals for the same level within a period.
Blue Dot Counter: Increments on each buy signal, resets on a sell signal or if price exceeds the entry price after three or more buy signals.
Entry and Exit Rules
Buy Signal (Blue Circle): Triggered when the price crosses below the previous period’s low, suggesting a potential oversold condition and buying opportunity. The signal appears as a blue circle below the price bar.
Sell Signal (White Circle): Triggered when the price crosses above the previous period’s high, indicating a potential overbought condition and selling opportunity. The signal appears as a white circle above the price bar.
Blue Dot Tracker:
Increments blueDotCount on each buy signal and sets an entryPrice on the first buy.
Resets on a sell signal or if price exceeds entryPrice after three or more buy signals.
If blueDotCount >= 3, the table suggests holding; if >= 4, it reinforces “Hold Investment.”
Exit Rules: Exit a buy position on a sell signal or when price exceeds the entry price after three or more buy signals. Combine with other tools (e.g., trendlines, support/resistance) for additional confirmation. Always apply proper risk management.
Recommended Usage
The "Contrarian Period High & Low" indicator is optimized for daily charts but can be adapted to other timeframes (e.g., 1H, 4H) with adjustments to the period bar count. It excels in markets with clear support/resistance levels and potential reversal zones. Traders should:
Backtest the indicator on their chosen asset and timeframe to validate signal reliability.
Combine with other technical tools (e.g., moving averages, Fibonacci levels) for stronger trade confirmation.
Adjust barsPerPeriod (e.g., ~120 bars for Weekly on hourly charts) based on the chart timeframe and market volatility.
Monitor the action table to guide position management based on blue dot counts.
Customization Options
Period Type: Choose between Daily, Weekly, or Monthly periods (default: Monthly).
Line Length: Set the length of high/low lines in bars (default: 200).
Show Highs/Lows: Toggle visibility of period high (red) and low (green) lines.
Max Lines to Keep: Limit the number of historical lines displayed (default: 10).
Hide Signals: Toggle buy/sell signal visibility for a cleaner chart.
Table Display: A fixed table in the bottom-right corner shows the blue dot count and action, with yellow (Hold) or green (Flip) backgrounds based on the count.
Why Use This Indicator?
The "Contrarian Period High & Low" indicator offers a unique blend of support/resistance visualization and contrarian signal generation, making it a versatile tool for identifying potential reversals. Its clear visual cues (lines and signals), blue dot tracker, and actionable table provide traders with an intuitive way to monitor market structure and manage trades. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced trader, this indicator enhances your ability to spot key levels and time entries/exits effectively.
Tips for Users
Test the indicator thoroughly on your chosen market and timeframe to optimize settings (e.g., adjust barsPerPeriod for non-daily charts).
Use in conjunction with price action or other indicators for stronger trade setups.
Monitor the action table to decide whether to hold or flip positions based on blue dot counts.
Ensure your chart timeframe aligns with the selected period type (e.g., daily chart for Monthly periods).
Apply strict risk management to protect against false breakouts.
Happy trading with the Contrarian Period High & Low indicator! Share your feedback and strategies in the TradingView community!
BTCUSD Dual Thrust (1H)BTCUSD Dual Thrust (1H) — Indicator
Overview
The Dual Thrust is a classic breakout-type strategy designed to capture strong directional moves when markets show imbalance between buyers and sellers. This indicator adapts the method specifically for BTCUSD on the 1-Hour timeframe, showing dynamic Buy/Sell trigger levels and live signals.
Origin
The Dual Thrust system was originally introduced by Michael Vitucci and has been widely used in futures and high-volatility markets. It was designed as a day-trading breakout framework, where daily high/low and close data define the range for the next session’s trade triggers.
How it Works
Each new day, the indicator calculates a “breakout range” using daily price data.
Two trigger levels are projected from the daily open:
Buy Trigger: Open + Range × KUp
Sell Trigger: Open - Range × KDn
Range can be built from either:
Classic Dual Thrust formula: max(High - Close , Close - Low) over a lookback period, or
ATR-based range: for volatility-adaptive signals.
A LONG signal fires when price crosses above the Buy Trigger.
An EXIT signal fires when price crosses below the Sell Trigger.
Buy/Sell lines step forward across each intraday bar until recalculated at the next daily open.
Practical Use
Optimized for BTCUSD 1-Hour charts (crypto’s volatility provides stronger follow-through).
Use the Buy/Sell levels as dynamic breakout lines or as confluence with your own setups.
Alerts are built in, so you can receive notifications when a LONG or EXIT condition triggers.
Designed as an indicator only (not a backtest strategy).
Key Features
✅ Daily Buy/Sell trigger lines auto-calculated and forward-filled
✅ LONG / EXIT labels on signals
✅ Optional ATR mode for volatility regimes
✅ Optional bar coloring for easy visual scanning
✅ Alerts ready for live monitoring
⚡️ Tip: While this indicator highlights breakout opportunities, effectiveness can improve when combined with trend filters (e.g., 200-SMA) or when aligned with higher timeframe supply/demand zones.
Bias + VWAP Pullback — v4 (PA + BOS/CHOCH)Simple idea: I identify the trend (bias) from the larger timeframe, and only trade pullbacks to the VWAP/EMA during liquidity (London/New York). When the trend is clear, gold moves strongly, and its pullbacks to the balance lines provide clear opportunities.
Timeframe and Sessions (Cairo Time)
Analysis: H1 to determine the trend.
Implementation: 5m (or 1m if professional).
Trading window:
London Opening: 10:00–12:30
New York Opening: 16:30–19:00
(avoid the rest of the day unless there is exceptional traffic).
Direction determination (BIAS)
On H1:
If the price is above the 200 EMA and the daily VWAP is bullish and the price is above it → uptrend (long-only).
If the price is below the 200 EMA and the daily VWAP is bearish and the price is below it → bearish trend (short-only).
Determine your levels: yesterday's high/low (PDH/PDL) + approximate Asia range (03:00–09:30).
Entry Rules (Setup A: Trend Continuation)
Asia range breakout towards Bias during liquidity window.
Wait for a withdrawal to:
Daily VWAP, or
EMA50 on 5m frame (best if both cross).
Confirmation: Confirmation low/high on 5m (HL buy/LH sell) + clear impulse candle (Body is greater than average of last 10 candles).
Entry:
Buy: When the price returns above VWAP/EMA50 with a confirmation candle close.
Sell: The exact opposite.
Stop Loss (SL): Below/above the last confirmation low/high or ATR(14, 5m) x 1.5 (largest).
Objectives:
TP1 = 1R (Close 50% and move the rest Break-even).
TP2 = 2.5R to 3R or at an important HTF level (PDH/PDL/Bid/Demand Zone).
Entry Rules (Setup B: Reversion to VWAP – “Mean Reversion”)
Use with extreme caution, once daily maximum:
Price deviation from VWAP by more than ~1.5 x ATR(14, 5m) with rejection candles appearing near PDH/PDL.
Reverse entry towards the return of VWAP.
SL small behind rejection top/bottom.
Main target: VWAP. (Don't get greedy — this scenario is for extended periods only.)
News Filtering and Risk Management
Avoid trading 15–30 minutes before/after strong US news (CPI, NFP, FOMC).
Maximum daily loss: 1.5–2% of account balance.
Risk per trade: 0.25–0.5% (if you are learning) or 0.5–1% (if you are experienced).
Do not exceed two consecutive losing trades per day.
Don't chase the market after the opportunity has passed — wait for the next pullback.
Smart Deal Management
After TP1: Move stop to entry point + trail the rest with EMA20 on 5m or ATR Trailing = ATR(14)×1.0.
If the price touches a strong daily level (PDH/PDL) and fails to break, consider taking additional profit.
If VWAP starts to flatten and breaks against the trend on H1, stop trading for the day.
Quick Checklist (Before Entry)
H1 trend is clear and consistent with 200EMA + VWAP.
Penetrating the Asia range towards Bias.
Clean pull to VWAP/EMA50 on 5m.
Confirmation candle and real push.
SL is logical (behind swing/ATR×1.5) and R :R ≥ 1:2.
No red news coming soon.
Example of "ready-made" settings
EMA: 20, 50, 200 on 5m, 200 only on H1.
VWAP: Daily (reset daily).
ATR: 14 on 5m.
Levels: PDH/PDL + Asia Band (03:00–09:30 Cairo).
Gold Notes
Gold is fast and sharp at the open; don't get in early — wait for the draw.
Fakeouts are common before news: it is best to call with the trend after the price returns above/below VWAP.
Don't expect 80% consistent wins every day — the advantage comes from discipline, filtering out bad days, and only withdrawing when you're on the right track.
تعتبر شركة الماسة الألمانية أحد المؤسسات العاملة بالمملكة العربية السعودية ولها تاريخ طويل من الخدمات الكثيرة والمتنوعة التى مازالت تقدمها للكثير من العملاء داخل جميع مدن وأحياء المملكة حيث نقدم أفضل ما لدينا من خلال مجموعة الشركات التالية والتي من خلالها ستتلقي كل ما تحتاج إلية في كل المجال المختلفة فنحن نعمل منذ عام 2015 ولنا سابقات اعمال فى مختلف المجالات الحيوية التى نخدم من خلالها عملائنا ونوفر لهم أرخص الأسعار وبأعلى جودة من الممكن توفرها فى المجالات التالية :-
خدمات تنظيف المنازل والفلل والشقق
خدمات عزل الخزانات تنظيف غسيل صيانة اصلاح
خدمات جلي البلاط والرخام والسيراميك
خدمات نقل العفش عمالة فلبينية مدربة
خدمات مكافحة الحشرات بجدة
كل هذة الخدمات وأكثر نوفرها لكل المتعاقدين بأفضل الطرق مع توفير خطط وبرامج متنوعة لأتمام العمل المسنود إلينا بأفضل وأحدث الطرق الحديثة والعصرية سواء فى شركات النظافة بجدة ومكة المكرمة أو شركات نقل العفش بجدة عمالة فلبينية وباقى الخدمات مثل جلي وتلميع الرخام بمكة وجدة ولا ننسي شركة مكافحة حشرات بجدة التى ساعدت آلاف المواطنين على تنظيف منازلهم من الحشرات بأفضل مبيدات حشرية.
ATR Future Movement Range Projection
The "ATR Future Movement Range Projection" is a custom TradingView Pine Script indicator designed to forecast potential price ranges for a stock (or any asset) over short-term (1-month) and medium-term (3-month) horizons. It leverages the Average True Range (ATR) as a measure of volatility to estimate how far the price might move, while incorporating recent momentum bias based on the proportion of bullish (green) vs. bearish (red) candles. This creates asymmetric projections: in bullish periods, the upside range is larger than the downside, and vice versa.
The indicator is overlaid on the chart, plotting horizontal lines for the projected high and low prices for both timeframes. Additionally, it displays a small table in the top-right corner summarizing the projected prices and the percentage change required from the current close to reach them. This makes it useful for traders assessing potential targets, risk-reward ratios, or option strategies, as it combines volatility forecasting with directional sentiment.
Key features:
- **Volatility Basis**: Uses weekly ATR to derive a stable daily volatility estimate, avoiding noise from shorter timeframes.
- **Momentum Adjustment**: Analyzes recent candle colors to tilt projections toward the prevailing trend (e.g., more upside if more green candles).
- **Time Horizons**: Fixed at 1 month (21 trading days) and 3 months (63 trading days), assuming ~21 trading days per month (excluding weekends/holidays).
- **User Adjustable**: The ATR length/lookback (default 50) can be tweaked via inputs.
- **Visuals**: Green/lime lines for highs, red/orange for lows; a semi-transparent table for quick reference.
- **Limitations**: This is a probabilistic projection based on historical volatility and momentum—it doesn't predict direction with certainty and assumes volatility persists. It ignores external factors like news, earnings, or market regimes. Best used on daily charts for stocks/ETFs.
The indicator doesn't generate buy/sell signals but helps visualize "expected" ranges, similar to how implied volatility informs option pricing.
### How It Works Step-by-Step
The script executes on each bar update (typically daily timeframe) and follows this logic:
1. **Input Configuration**:
- ATR Length (Lookback): Default 50 bars. This controls both the ATR calculation period and the candle count window. You can adjust it in the indicator settings.
2. **Calculate Weekly ATR**:
- Fetches the ATR from the weekly timeframe using `request.security` with a length of 50 weeks.
- ATR measures average price range (high-low, adjusted for gaps), representing volatility.
3. **Derive Daily ATR**:
- Divides the weekly ATR by 5 (approximating 5 trading days per week) to get an equivalent daily volatility estimate.
- Example: If weekly ATR is $5, daily ATR ≈ $1.
4. **Define Projection Periods**:
- 1 Month: 21 trading days.
- 3 Months: 63 trading days (21 × 3).
- These are hardcoded but based on standard trading calendar assumptions.
5. **Compute Base Projections**:
- Base projection = Daily ATR × Days in period.
- This gives the total expected movement (range) without direction: e.g., for 3 months, $1 daily ATR × 63 = $63 total range.
6. **Analyze Candle Momentum (Win Rate)**:
- Counts green candles (close > open) and red candles (close < open) over the last 50 bars (ignores dojis where close == open).
- Total colored candles = green + red.
- Win rate = green / total colored (as a fraction, e.g., 0.7 for 70%). Defaults to 0.5 if no colored candles.
- This acts as a simple momentum proxy: higher win rate implies bullish bias.
7. **Adjust Projections Asymmetrically**:
- Upside projection = Base projection × Win rate.
- Downside projection = Base projection × (1 - Win rate).
- This skews the range: e.g., 70% win rate means 70% of the total range allocated to upside, 30% to downside.
8. **Calculate Projected Prices**:
- High = Current close + Upside projection.
- Low = Current close - Downside projection.
- Done separately for 1M and 3M.
9. **Plot Lines**:
- 3M High: Solid green line.
- 3M Low: Solid red line.
- 1M High: Dashed lime line.
- 1M Low: Dashed orange line.
- Lines extend horizontally from the current bar onward.
10. **Display Table**:
- A 3-column table (Projection, Price, % Change) in the top-right.
- Rows for 1M High/Low and 3M High/Low, color-coded.
- % Change = ((Projected price - Close) / Close) × 100.
- Updates dynamically with new data.
The entire process repeats on each new bar, so projections evolve as volatility and momentum change.
### Examples
Here are two hypothetical examples using the indicator on a daily chart. Assume it's applied to a stock like AAPL, but with made-up data for illustration. (In TradingView, you'd add the script to see real outputs.)
#### Example 1: Bullish Scenario (High Win Rate)
- Current Close: $150.
- Weekly ATR (50 periods): $10 → Daily ATR: $10 / 5 = $2.
- Last 50 Candles: 35 green, 15 red → Total colored: 50 → Win Rate: 35/50 = 0.7 (70%).
- Base Projections:
- 1M: $2 × 21 = $42.
- 3M: $2 × 63 = $126.
- Adjusted Projections:
- 1M Upside: $42 × 0.7 = $29.4 → High: $150 + $29.4 = $179.4 (+19.6%).
- 1M Downside: $42 × 0.3 = $12.6 → Low: $150 - $12.6 = $137.4 (-8.4%).
- 3M Upside: $126 × 0.7 = $88.2 → High: $150 + $88.2 = $238.2 (+58.8%).
- 3M Downside: $126 × 0.3 = $37.8 → Low: $150 - $37.8 = $112.2 (-25.2%).
- On the Chart: Green/lime lines skewed higher; table shows bullish % changes (e.g., +58.8% for 3M high).
- Interpretation: Suggests stronger potential upside due to recent bullish momentum; useful for call options or long positions.
#### Example 2: Bearish Scenario (Low Win Rate)
- Current Close: $50.
- Weekly ATR (50 periods): $3 → Daily ATR: $3 / 5 = $0.6.
- Last 50 Candles: 20 green, 30 red → Total colored: 50 → Win Rate: 20/50 = 0.4 (40%).
- Base Projections:
- 1M: $0.6 × 21 = $12.6.
- 3M: $0.6 × 63 = $37.8.
- Adjusted Projections:
- 1M Upside: $12.6 × 0.4 = $5.04 → High: $50 + $5.04 = $55.04 (+10.1%).
- 1M Downside: $12.6 × 0.6 = $7.56 → Low: $50 - $7.56 = $42.44 (-15.1%).
- 3M Upside: $37.8 × 0.4 = $15.12 → High: $50 + $15.12 = $65.12 (+30.2%).
- 3M Downside: $37.8 × 0.6 = $22.68 → Low: $50 - $22.68 = $27.32 (-45.4%).
- On the Chart: Red/orange lines skewed lower; table highlights larger downside % (e.g., -45.4% for 3M low).
- Interpretation: Indicates bearish risk; might prompt protective puts or short strategies.
#### Example 3: Neutral Scenario (Balanced Win Rate)
- Current Close: $100.
- Weekly ATR: $5 → Daily ATR: $1.
- Last 50 Candles: 25 green, 25 red → Win Rate: 0.5 (50%).
- Projections become symmetric:
- 1M: Base $21 → Upside/Downside $10.5 each → High $110.5 (+10.5%), Low $89.5 (-10.5%).
- 3M: Base $63 → Upside/Downside $31.5 each → High $131.5 (+31.5%), Low $68.5 (-31.5%).
- Interpretation: Pure volatility-based range, no directional bias—ideal for straddle options or range trading.
In real use, test on historical data: e.g., if past projections captured actual moves ~68% of the time (1 standard deviation for ATR), it validates the volatility assumption. Adjust the lookback for different assets (shorter for volatile cryptos, longer for stable blue-chips).
3-Level DCA Buy Strategy🎯 3-Level DCA Buy Strategy - Smart Dollar Cost Averaging
Professional DCA strategy that systematically accumulates positions during market dips. Enhanced with daily trend analysis for intelligent accumulation.
🚀 Key Features
- 3-Level Buying System: Automatic purchases at 5%, 10%, 15% drops from cycle highs
- Daily Trend Analysis: 1-day timeframe trend confirmation
- Smart Peak Detection: 100-period lookback for meaningful peaks
- Volume Filter: Optional volume confirmation system
- USD-Based Positions: Fixed dollar amounts per level
- Never Sells: Pure accumulation philosophy (buy-only)
📊 How It Works
1. Peak Identification: Detects highest price in last 100 periods
2. Daily Trend Check: Confirms price above 50 SMA on 1D timeframe
3. Drop Tracking: Calculates percentage drops from cycle high
4. Systematic Buying: Executes predetermined amounts at each level
5. Cycle Reset: Renews buy permissions when new peaks form
⚙️ Default Settings
- Buy Levels: 5%, 10%, 15% drops
- Position Sizes: $100, $150, $200
- Peak Period: 100 bars
- Higher Timeframe: 1 Day (1D)
- Pyramiding: 500 order capacity
🎨 Visual Elements
- Orange Circles: Mark cycle highs
- Colored Lines: Green/Blue/Red buy levels
- Triangle Signals: Buy point indicators
- Live Panel: Real-time statistics
- Background Colors: Trend and drop level indicators
🔔 Alert System
- Instant notifications for each buy level
- New peak detection alerts
- Major drop warnings (>20%)
- Daily trend change notifications
💡 Ideal Use Cases
- Crypto Accumulation: Bitcoin, Ethereum and major altcoins
- Stock DCA: Long-term portfolio building
- Volatile Markets: Capitalizing on price fluctuations
- Emotional Trading Prevention: Automated and disciplined buying
📈 Strategy Logic
This strategy follows the "buy the dip" philosophy. It waits during market rises and systematically builds positions during declines. Only buys when daily trend is bullish, providing protection during major bear markets.
⚠️ Important Notes
- Buy-only strategy - never sells positions
- Requires sufficient capital for multiple entries
- Most effective in trending and volatile markets
- Always backtest before live trading
- Risk management is your responsibility
🛠️ Customization Options
All parameters are fully customizable: drop percentages, position amounts, timeframes, visual elements and more. Suitable for both beginner and experienced investors.
🎯 Publishing Feature
Note: Strategy includes temporary 1-day sell cycle for TradingView publishing requirements. This feature can be disabled for normal DCA mode operation.
⭐ If you find this strategy helpful, please like and follow! Visit the profile for more trading tools.
ATR %Overview
Shows the Average True Range (ATR) as a percentage of a chosen price basis. Useful for a quick, apples-to-apples view of current volatility across symbols and timeframes. The value is displayed in a clean table at the bottom-right of the chart.
What it shows
Basis can be: Close, EMA(len), SMA(len), or VWAP.
Data timeframe can be the Chart timeframe or a Daily aggregation.
Inputs
ATR length (len) – ATR lookback.
Percent basis – Close / EMA / SMA / VWAP.
Data timeframe – Chart (uses the current chart TF) or Daily (computes ATR and basis from daily data).
Decimals – number of decimal places to display.
Text / Background / Frame colors – customize the table appearance.
Notes
In Daily mode, ATR and basis are taken from daily data and update on daily close.
VWAP is available only in Chart mode (Daily + VWAP will show n/a by design).
The script overlays the chart but does not plot lines—only a compact info box.
Use cases
Compare volatility across coins/stocks quickly using ATR% instead of raw ATR.
Switch basis to match your style (e.g., EMA for trend-aware scaling, VWAP for intraday context).
Set Daily to track higher-timeframe volatility while trading lower TFs.
Disclaimer
For educational purposes only. Not financial advice. Trading involves risk.
