Part8 Trading MasterclassIntroduction to Options Trading Strategies
Options are like the “Swiss army knife” of the financial markets — flexible tools that can be shaped to fit bullish, bearish, neutral, or volatile market views. They’re contracts that give you the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a specific price (strike) on or before a certain date (expiry).
While most beginners think options are just for making huge leveraged bets, seasoned traders use strategies — combinations of buying and selling calls and puts — to control risk, generate income, or hedge portfolios.
Why Use Strategies Instead of Simple Buy/Sell?
Risk Management: You can cap your losses while keeping upside potential.
Income Generation: Strategies like covered calls and credit spreads generate consistent cash flow.
Direction Neutrality: You can profit even when the market moves sideways.
Volatility Play: You can design trades to profit from expected volatility spikes or drops.
Hedging: Protect stock holdings against adverse moves.
AXISBANK trade ideas
Crypto Trading & Blockchain Assets 1. Introduction
Cryptocurrencies and blockchain-based assets have revolutionized how we think about money, finance, and even ownership itself. From Bitcoin's birth in 2009 to the explosion of decentralized finance (DeFi), non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and tokenized real-world assets (RWA), the digital asset market has evolved into a multi-trillion-dollar ecosystem.
But unlike traditional markets, crypto operates 24/7, globally, and with high volatility — which means enormous opportunities and equally significant risks for traders.
In this guide, we’ll explore:
The fundamentals of blockchain technology
Types of blockchain assets
Trading styles, tools, and strategies for crypto
Risk management and psychology
The future outlook of blockchain-based markets
2. Understanding Blockchain Technology
2.1 What is Blockchain?
A blockchain is a distributed, immutable ledger that records transactions across multiple computers in a secure and transparent way. Instead of relying on a single authority like a bank, blockchains are decentralized — no single entity can control or alter the record without consensus.
Key features:
Decentralization – No central authority; control is distributed.
Transparency – Anyone can verify transactions.
Immutability – Once recorded, data can’t be altered without consensus.
Security – Cryptographic encryption ensures safety.
2.2 Types of Blockchains
Public Blockchains – Fully decentralized, open to anyone (e.g., Bitcoin, Ethereum).
Private Blockchains – Restricted access, controlled by a single entity (used in enterprises).
Consortium Blockchains – Controlled by a group of organizations (e.g., supply chain consortia).
Hybrid Blockchains – Combine public transparency with private access controls.
2.3 How Blockchain Enables Crypto Assets
Every blockchain asset — from Bitcoin to NFTs — is essentially a tokenized record on the blockchain. Ownership is proved via private keys (digital signatures) and transactions are verified by consensus mechanisms like:
Proof of Work (PoW) – Mining for Bitcoin.
Proof of Stake (PoS) – Validators stake coins to secure networks (e.g., Ethereum after the Merge).
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) – Voting-based validator system.
3. Types of Blockchain Assets
Blockchain assets fall into several categories, each with unique characteristics:
3.1 Cryptocurrencies
These are digital currencies designed as mediums of exchange.
Examples: Bitcoin (BTC), Litecoin (LTC), Monero (XMR)
Use cases: Payments, remittances, store of value.
3.2 Utility Tokens
Tokens that provide access to a blockchain-based product or service.
Examples: Ethereum (ETH) for gas fees, Chainlink (LINK) for oracle services.
Use cases: Network participation, voting rights, service payments.
3.3 Security Tokens
Blockchain versions of traditional securities like stocks or bonds.
Examples: Tokenized equity shares.
Use cases: Investment with regulatory oversight.
3.4 Stablecoins
Cryptocurrencies pegged to fiat currencies or commodities.
Examples: USDT (Tether), USDC, DAI.
Use cases: Price stability for trading, cross-border transfers.
3.5 NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens)
Unique digital assets that represent ownership of a specific item.
Examples: Bored Ape Yacht Club, CryptoPunks.
Use cases: Digital art, gaming, collectibles, tokenized property.
3.6 Tokenized Real-World Assets (RWA)
Physical assets represented on blockchain.
Examples: Tokenized gold (PAXG), tokenized real estate.
Use cases: Fractional ownership, liquidity for traditionally illiquid assets.
4. Crypto Trading Basics
4.1 How Crypto Markets Differ from Traditional Markets
24/7 Trading – No closing bell; markets are always active.
High Volatility – Double-digit daily price swings are common.
Global Participation – No national barriers; traders from anywhere can join.
No Central Exchange – Assets can be traded on centralized exchanges (CEXs) or decentralized exchanges (DEXs).
4.2 Major Crypto Exchanges
Centralized (CEX): Binance, Coinbase, Kraken, Bybit.
Decentralized (DEX): Uniswap, PancakeSwap, Curve Finance.
4.3 Crypto Trading Pairs
Assets are traded in pairs:
Crypto-to-Crypto: BTC/ETH, ETH/SOL
Crypto-to-Fiat: BTC/USD, ETH/USDT
5. Types of Crypto Trading
5.1 Spot Trading
Buying and selling actual crypto assets with immediate settlement.
5.2 Margin Trading
Borrowing funds to increase position size. Increases both profit potential and risk.
5.3 Futures & Perpetual Contracts
Betting on price movement without owning the asset. Allows leverage and short selling.
5.4 Options Trading
Trading contracts that give the right, but not the obligation, to buy/sell crypto.
5.5 Arbitrage Trading
Exploiting price differences between exchanges.
5.6 Algorithmic & Bot Trading
Using automated scripts to trade based on set rules.
6. Crypto Trading Strategies
6.1 Day Trading
Short-term trades executed within the same day, exploiting volatility.
6.2 Swing Trading
Holding positions for days or weeks to capture intermediate trends.
6.3 Scalping
Making dozens of trades per day for small profits.
6.4 Trend Following
Riding long-term upward or downward price movements.
6.5 Breakout Trading
Entering trades when price breaks a significant support or resistance level.
6.6 Mean Reversion
Betting that prices will return to historical averages.
7. Technical Analysis for Crypto
7.1 Popular Indicators
Moving Averages (MA)
Relative Strength Index (RSI)
MACD
Bollinger Bands
Fibonacci Retracements
Volume Profile
7.2 Chart Patterns
Bullish: Cup & Handle, Ascending Triangle
Bearish: Head & Shoulders, Descending Triangle
Continuation: Flags, Pennants
8. Fundamental Analysis for Blockchain Assets
8.1 Key Metrics
Market Cap
Circulating Supply
Tokenomics
Development Activity
Adoption & Partnerships
On-chain Metrics – Wallet addresses, transaction count, TVL in DeFi.
8.2 Events Impacting Prices
Protocol upgrades (Ethereum Merge, Bitcoin Halving)
Regulatory announcements
Exchange listings
Partnership news
9. Risk Management in Crypto Trading
9.1 Position Sizing
Risk only 1–2% of your portfolio per trade.
9.2 Stop Loss & Take Profit
Pre-define exit points to avoid emotional decisions.
9.3 Diversification
Spread investments across multiple coins and sectors.
9.4 Avoid Overleveraging
Leverage amplifies both gains and losses.
10. Trading Psychology in Crypto
Discipline over Emotion
Patience in Volatile Markets
Avoiding FOMO and Panic Selling
Sticking to Your Plan
Conclusion
Crypto trading and blockchain assets represent a paradigm shift in finance, offering unmatched transparency, security, and accessibility. For traders, the opportunities are massive — but so are the risks. Success in this space requires knowledge, discipline, and adaptability.
The market will continue to evolve, blending traditional finance with decentralized innovations, and traders who master both the technology and trading discipline will thrive.
Options Trading1. Introduction to Options Trading
Options trading is one of the most powerful tools in financial markets. Unlike traditional stock trading, where you buy and sell shares directly, options give you the right but not the obligation to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price before a specific date. This flexibility allows traders to hedge risks, generate income, and speculate on price movements with limited capital.
In recent years, options trading has seen a surge in popularity, especially among retail investors. With the growth of online trading platforms and educational resources, more traders are exploring this complex yet rewarding field.
2. What Is an Option?
An option is a financial derivative contract. It derives its value from an underlying asset—commonly a stock, index, ETF, or commodity.
There are two types of options:
Call Option: Gives the holder the right to buy the asset at a fixed price (strike price) before or on the expiry date.
Put Option: Gives the holder the right to sell the asset at a fixed price before or on the expiry date.
Key Terms to Know:
Strike Price: The price at which the option can be exercised.
Premium: The price paid to purchase the option.
Expiration Date: The last date on which the option can be exercised.
Underlying Asset: The financial instrument (like a stock) the option is based on.
In the Money (ITM): When exercising the option would be profitable.
Out of the Money (OTM): When exercising the option would not be profitable.
At the Money (ATM): When the strike price is equal to the market price.
3. How Options Work
Let’s break this down with an example.
Call Option Example:
You buy a call option on Stock A with a strike price of ₹100, paying a premium of ₹5. If the stock price rises to ₹120, you can buy it for ₹100 and sell it for ₹120—earning a ₹20 profit per share, minus the ₹5 premium, netting ₹15.
If the stock stays below ₹100, you simply let the option expire. Your loss is limited to the ₹5 premium.
Put Option Example:
You buy a put option on Stock A with a strike price of ₹100, paying a ₹5 premium. If the stock falls to ₹80, you can sell it for ₹100—earning ₹20, minus ₹5 premium = ₹15 profit.
If the stock stays above ₹100, the option expires worthless. Again, your loss is limited to ₹5.
4. Why Trade Options?
A. Leverage
Options require a smaller initial investment compared to buying stocks, but they can offer significant returns.
B. Risk Management (Hedging)
Options can hedge against downside risk. For example, if you own shares, buying a put option can protect you against losses if the price falls.
C. Income Generation
Writing (selling) options like covered calls can generate consistent income.
D. Strategic Flexibility
You can profit in bullish, bearish, or neutral markets using different strategies.
5. Types of Option Traders
1. Speculators
They aim to profit from market direction using options. Their goal is capital gain.
2. Hedgers
They use options to protect investments from unfavorable price movements.
3. Income Traders
They sell options to earn premium income.
6. Option Trading Strategies
1. Basic Strategies
A. Buying Calls (Bullish)
Used when you expect the stock to rise.
B. Buying Puts (Bearish)
Used when expecting a stock to fall.
C. Covered Call (Neutral to Bullish)
Own the stock and sell a call option. Earn premium while holding the stock.
D. Protective Put (Insurance)
Own the stock and buy a put option to limit losses.
2. Intermediate Strategies
A. Vertical Spreads
Buying and selling options of the same type (call or put) with different strike prices.
Bull Call Spread: Buy a lower strike call, sell a higher strike call.
Bear Put Spread: Buy a higher strike put, sell a lower strike put.
B. Iron Condor (Neutral)
Sell OTM put and call options, buy further OTM put and call to limit risk. Profit if the stock stays within a range.
C. Straddle (Volatility)
Buy a call and a put at the same strike price. Profits from big price movement in either direction.
7. The Greeks: Measuring Risk
Options prices are sensitive to many factors. The "Greeks" are key metrics to assess these risks.
1. Delta
Measures the change in option price with respect to the underlying asset’s price.
Call delta ranges from 0 to 1.
Put delta ranges from -1 to 0.
2. Gamma
Measures the rate of change of delta. Important for managing large price swings.
3. Theta
Measures time decay. As expiry approaches, the option loses value (especially OTM options).
4. Vega
Measures sensitivity to volatility. Higher volatility = higher premium.
5. Rho
Measures sensitivity to interest rate changes.
8. Options Expiry & Settlement
In Indian markets (like NSE), stock options are European-style, meaning they can only be exercised on the expiration date. Index options are cash-settled.
Options expire on the last Thursday of every month (weekly options on Thursday each week). After expiry, worthless options are removed from your account.
9. Option Trading in India (NSE)
Popular Instruments:
Nifty 50 Options
Bank Nifty Options
Stock Options (like Reliance, HDFC Bank, Infosys)
FINNIFTY, MIDCPNIFTY
Lot Sizes:
Each option contract has a fixed lot size. For example, Nifty has a lot size of 50.
Margins:
If you buy options, you pay only the premium. But selling options requires high margins (due to unlimited risk).
10. Risks in Options Trading
While options are powerful, they carry specific risks:
1. Time Decay (Theta)
OTM options lose value fast as expiry nears.
2. Volatility Crush
A sudden drop in volatility (like post-earnings) can cause option premiums to collapse.
3. Illiquidity
Some stock options may have low volumes, making them harder to exit.
4. Assignment Risk
If you’ve sold options, especially ITM, you may be assigned early (in American-style options).
5. Unlimited Loss for Sellers
Option writers (sellers) face potentially unlimited loss (especially naked calls or puts).
Conclusion: Is Options Trading Right for You?
Options trading offers huge potential for profits, flexibility, and risk management. But it is not gambling—it’s a strategic and disciplined skill.
Start small. Learn the concepts. Practice on paper or use virtual trading apps. Focus on risk first, reward later.
Used correctly, options can transform your trading game. Used poorly, they can wipe out your capital.
Part 6 Learn Institution Trading1. Introduction to Options Trading
Options trading is a fascinating and powerful segment of the financial markets. Unlike buying stocks directly, options offer flexibility, leverage, and a wide variety of strategic choices. But with that power comes complexity and risk.
What Are Options?
An option is a contract that gives the buyer the right (but not the obligation) to buy or sell an underlying asset (like a stock, index, or ETF) at a specific price (strike price) before or on a specific date (expiry date).
Two Types of Options:
Call Option – Right to Buy
Put Option – Right to Sell
🧩 2. The Key Components of an Option Contract
Before diving into strategies and profits, let’s break down the essential parts of any option:
Component Description
Underlying Asset The stock, index, or commodity the option is based on
Strike Price The pre-defined price at which the buyer can exercise the option
Expiry Date The date on which the option contract expires
Premium The price paid by the buyer to purchase the option
Sector Rotation & Thematic TradingIntroduction
In the dynamic world of stock markets, not all sectors perform equally at all times. Market leadership often shifts as economic conditions change. This shift is known as sector rotation, and when paired with thematic trading—investing based on macro-level ideas or societal trends—it becomes a powerful strategy. Together, these approaches help traders anticipate where capital might flow next, allowing them to align their portfolios accordingly.
This guide explores the foundations, strategies, tools, and risks associated with Sector Rotation and Thematic Trading, especially from the perspective of an active Indian retail or institutional trader.
1. Understanding Sector Rotation
What is Sector Rotation?
Sector rotation is a strategy that involves shifting investments among different sectors of the economy based on the current phase of the business cycle. Each sector behaves differently under various economic conditions, and recognizing these shifts can help maximize returns.
The Four Phases of the Business Cycle:
Expansion: Economy grows, GDP rises, unemployment falls.
Strong Sectors: Industrials, Technology, Consumer Discretionary
Peak: Growth slows, inflation rises.
Strong Sectors: Energy, Materials, Utilities
Contraction (Recession): GDP falls, unemployment rises.
Strong Sectors: Consumer Staples, Healthcare
Trough (Recovery): Economy bottoms out, early growth.
Strong Sectors: Financials, Industrials, Technology
Why Does Sector Rotation Work?
Institutional flow: Big funds adjust their portfolios depending on economic forecasts.
Macroeconomic sensitivity: Some sectors are more interest-rate sensitive, others more dependent on consumer confidence.
Cyclical vs Defensive Sectors: Cyclical sectors move with the economy; defensive sectors offer stability during downturns.
2. Sector Rotation in Practice
Real-Life Example: Post-COVID Recovery
2020-21: Pharma, Tech (work-from-home, vaccines)
2021-22: Commodities, Real Estate (stimulus, demand revival)
2023 onwards: Industrials, Capital Goods (infrastructure push, global reshoring)
Indian Market Examples:
Banking & Financials: Surge when RBI eases interest rates or during credit booms.
FMCG & Healthcare: Outperform during inflation or slowdowns.
Auto Sector: Grows with consumer confidence and disposable income.
Infra & PSU Stocks: Outperform during budget season or government CapEx pushes.
Tracking Sector Rotation: Tools & Indicators
Relative Strength Index (RSI) comparisons between sectors.
Sector-wise ETFs or Index tracking: Nifty Bank, Nifty IT, Nifty FMCG, etc.
FII/DII Flow Analysis sector-wise.
Economic data correlation: IIP, Inflation, GDP data.
3. Thematic Trading Explained
What is Thematic Trading?
Thematic trading focuses on investing in long-term structural trends rather than short-term economic cycles. It’s about identifying a big idea and aligning with it over time, often across multiple sectors.
Key Differences vs Sector Rotation
Feature Sector Rotation Thematic Trading
Focus Economic cycles Societal or tech trends
Duration Medium-term (months) Long-term (years)
Scope Sector-based Cross-sector or multi-sector
Tools Macro indicators, ETFs Trend analysis, qualitative research
4. Popular Themes in Indian & Global Markets
a. Green Energy & Sustainability
Stocks: Adani Green, Tata Power, IREDA
Theme: ESG investing, net-zero targets, solar & wind energy
b. Digital India & Fintech
Stocks: CAMS, Paytm, Zomato, Nykaa
Theme: UPI adoption, e-governance, cashless economy
c. EV & Battery Revolution
Stocks: Tata Motors, Exide, Amara Raja, M&M
Theme: Electric mobility, lithium-ion battery, vehicle electrification
d. Infrastructure & CapEx Cycle
Stocks: L&T, IRFC, NCC, RVNL, BEL
Theme: Government spending, Budget CapEx push, Atmanirbhar Bharat
e. Manufacturing & China+1
Stocks: Dixon, Amber, Syrma SGS, Tata Elxsi
Theme: Global supply chain diversification, PLI schemes
f. AI & Tech Transformation
Stocks: TCS, Infosys, Happiest Minds
Theme: Cloud computing, automation, generative AI
g. Rural India & Agri-Tech
Stocks: PI Industries, Dhanuka, Escorts
Theme: Digital farming, Kisan drones, government subsidies
5. How to Implement Sector Rotation & Thematic Trading
Step-by-Step Framework
Macro Analysis:
Understand current phase of the economy.
Follow RBI policy, inflation, IIP, interest rate cycles.
Identify Sector Leaders:
Use Relative Strength (RS) comparison.
Look for outperforming indices or sector ETFs.
Stock Screening:
Pick stocks within strong sectors using volume, trend, and fundamentals.
Focus on high-beta stocks during sector rallies.
Thematic Mapping:
Overlay ongoing themes with sector strengths.
For example: In CapEx cycle (sector), Infra (theme), pick RVNL, L&T, NBCC.
Entry Timing:
Look for sector breakout on charts (weekly/monthly).
Confirm using sector rotation tools like RRG charts.
Exit/Rotate:
Monitor sector fatigue and capital rotation signals.
Shift to next sector as per business cycle or theme exhaustion.
Final Thoughts
Sector Rotation and Thematic Trading are no longer just institutional tools—they are critical for any modern trader or investor looking to outperform in both short-term and long-term markets. With macro awareness, charting skills, and access to quality data, traders can dynamically shift capital, aligning with both economic cycles and thematic tailwinds.
The trick is to stay informed, agile, and selective—rotating not just sectors, but your mindset as market conditions evolve.
Options Trading Strategies (Weekly/Monthly Expiry)Introduction
Options trading is a powerful tool that offers flexibility, leverage, and hedging opportunities to traders. While buying and selling options is accessible, mastering strategies tailored for weekly and monthly expiries can significantly improve your chances of success. These expiry-based strategies are designed to take advantage of time decay (Theta), volatility (Vega), direction (Delta), and price range (Gamma).
This guide will deeply explore how traders approach weekly vs monthly expiry, key option strategies, risk-reward setups, and market conditions under which they’re best applied. It’s designed in simple, human-friendly language, ideal for both beginners and experienced traders.
Part 1: Understanding Expiry Types
Weekly Expiry Options
Expiry Day: Every Thursday (for NIFTY, BANKNIFTY) or the last Thursday of the week if Friday is a holiday.
Time Horizon: 1–7 days
Used by: Intraday and short-term positional traders
Purpose: Quick premium decay (theta decay is faster), suitable for short-duration strategies.
Monthly Expiry Options
Expiry Day: Last Thursday of every month
Time Horizon: 20–30 days
Used by: Positional traders, hedgers, and institutions
Purpose: Manage risk, longer setups, or swing trades; smoother premium decay compared to weeklies.
Part 2: Key Greeks in Expiry-Based Strategies
Understanding how Greeks behave around expiry is crucial:
Theta: Time decay accelerates in the final days (especially for weekly options).
Delta: Determines direction sensitivity; weekly options are more delta-sensitive near expiry.
Vega: Volatility effect; monthly options are more exposed to volatility changes.
Gamma: High near expiry, especially in ATM (At-the-Money) options — can lead to quick losses/gains.
Part 3: Weekly Expiry Strategies
1. Intraday Short Straddle (High Theta Play)
Setup: Sell ATM Call and Put of current week’s expiry.
Objective: Capture premium decay as the price stays around a range.
Best Time: Expiry day (Thursday), typically after 9:45 AM when direction becomes clearer.
Example (NIFTY at 22,000):
Sell 22000 CE and 22000 PE for ₹60 each.
Conditions:
Low India VIX
Expected range-bound movement
No major news or global event
Risks:
Sudden movement (delta risk)
Need for proper stop-loss or delta hedging
2. Short Iron Condor (Neutral)
Setup: Sell OTM Call and Put; Buy further OTM Call and Put for protection.
Risk-defined strategy, ideal for weekly expiry when you expect low movement.
Example:
Sell 22100 CE and 21900 PE
Buy 22200 CE and 21800 PE
Benefit:
Controlled loss
Decent return if the index stays in range
When to Use:
Mid-week when implied volatility is high
Event expected to cool off
3. Long Straddle (Directional Volatility)
Setup: Buy ATM Call and Put of the same strike.
Best for: Sudden movement expected — news, results, RBI event.
Example (Bank Nifty at 48,000):
Buy 48000 CE and 48000 PE
Break-even:
Needs large move to be profitable (due to premium paid on both sides)
Risk:
Premium loss if market remains flat
4. Directional Option Buying (Momentum)
Setup: Buy CE or PE depending on market trend.
Ideal for: Trending days (Tuesday to Thursday)
Time decay: High risk in weekly expiry. Must be quick in entries and exits.
Example:
Bank Nifty bullish -> Buy 48000 CE when price breaks above a resistance.
Tips:
Use support/resistance, volume, and OI data
Avoid buying deep OTM options
5. Option Scalping on Expiry Day
Method: Trade ATM options in 5-minute or 15-minute chart using price action.
Goal: Capture small moves multiple times — 10 to 20 points in NIFTY or BANKNIFTY
Works Best:
Thursday (expiry)
Volatile days with good volumes
Tools:
VWAP, OI buildup, Breakout strategy, Moving Averages
Part 4: Monthly Expiry Strategies
1. Covered Call (Long-Term Positioning)
Setup: Buy stocks (or futures), sell OTM call options
Goal: Earn premium while holding stocks
Example:
Buy Reliance stock at ₹2800
Sell 2900 CE monthly option for ₹50
Best For:
Investors with long-term holdings
Stable stocks with limited upside
2. Calendar Spread (Volatility Strategy)
Setup: Sell near expiry (weekly), buy far expiry (monthly)
Example:
Sell 22000 CE (weekly)
Buy 22000 CE (monthly)
Goal:
Earn premium from weekly decay, protect via long monthly
Best Time:
When volatility is expected to rise
Ahead of big events like elections, RBI meet
3. Bull Call Spread (Directional)
Setup: Buy ATM Call, Sell OTM Call
Risk-defined bullish strategy
Example:
Buy 22000 CE, Sell 22200 CE (monthly)
Payoff:
Limited profit, limited risk
Better risk-reward than naked option buying
Use When:
Monthly expiry in bullish trend
Budget rallies, earnings momentum
4. Bear Put Spread (Downside Protection)
Setup: Buy ATM Put, Sell OTM Put
Use for: Bearish view with limited loss
Example:
Buy 22000 PE, Sell 21800 PE (monthly)
Ideal For:
Volatile times with expected downside
FII outflows, global corrections
5. Ratio Spread (Moderately Bullish or Bearish)
Setup: Buy 1 ATM Option, Sell 2 OTM Options
Warning: Can cause unlimited loss if trade goes against you
Example (Bullish Ratio Call Spread):
Buy 22000 CE, Sell 2x 22200 CE
Conditions:
Monthly expiry
Expect mild upward move but not aggressive rally
Conclusion
Trading weekly and monthly expiry options offers unique opportunities and risks. Weekly options give fast profits but demand sharp timing and discipline. Monthly options offer more flexibility for directional, volatility, and income-based strategies.
Whether you’re a scalper, trend trader, or risk-averse investor, there’s a strategy suited for your style — but success depends on combining the right strategy with sound analysis, proper risk control, and emotional discipline.
News-Based Momentum TradingIntroduction
In the fast-paced world of financial markets, news-based momentum trading stands out as one of the most powerful short-term strategies. It harnesses the psychological impact of breaking news on investor sentiment and exploits it to ride price momentum. Whether it's a corporate earnings surprise, regulatory change, economic announcement, geopolitical conflict, or a CEO scandal — news can move markets in seconds.
This strategy aims to identify such news as early as possible and enter trades aligned with the initial price momentum triggered by the event. The idea is simple: "Buy the good news, sell the bad news", but execution is where mastery lies.
What is News-Based Momentum Trading?
News-Based Momentum Trading is a technical and sentiment-driven approach that relies on real-time news events to create a trading opportunity. When a major piece of news breaks, it often leads to a rapid price reaction. Momentum traders aim to enter the trade in the direction of that reaction, expecting further continuation of price due to:
Herd behavior
Panic or euphoria
Short covering or long liquidation
Delay in information absorption by the wider market
Unlike long-term investing where news is absorbed over time, this strategy thrives on short bursts of volatility and liquidity. The holding period can range from a few minutes to a few days.
Core Principles Behind News-Based Momentum Trading
Price Reacts Faster Than Fundamentals
News affects sentiment before it alters earnings, business models, or valuations.
Price often overshoots fundamentals in the short term due to emotional reactions.
Volume Validates News
Spikes in volume during or after a news event confirm broad market participation.
High volume ensures liquidity for entering/exiting trades efficiently.
Follow the Flow, Not the News
It's not just the content of the news but the market’s reaction to it that matters.
Some negative news gets ignored; some positive news leads to massive rallies. Focus on how price behaves, not how you feel about the news.
Speed and Discipline are Critical
The best trades are often gone in minutes.
Emotional hesitation results in missed or failed trades.
Types of News That Create Momentum
Not all news has the same impact. Here's a breakdown of high-impact categories for momentum trading:
1. Corporate Earnings Announcements
Beats or misses of EPS/revenue estimates
Forward guidance or revision of outlook
Surprise dividend payouts or buyback plans
2. Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A)
Acquisition of a company (target tends to surge, acquirer may dip)
Strategic alliances and joint ventures
De-mergers and spin-offs
3. Regulatory Approvals or Bans
FDA approvals (biotech)
SEBI/RBI policy updates (Indian markets)
Anti-trust decisions or penalties
4. Economic Data Releases
Inflation (CPI, WPI)
GDP numbers
Employment data (e.g., U.S. Non-Farm Payrolls)
RBI/Fed interest rate decisions
5. Geopolitical Events
Wars, sanctions, terrorist attacks
Elections and political transitions
Trade disputes (e.g., U.S.-China trade war)
6. Sector-Specific News
Government incentives (PLI schemes)
Commodity price fluctuations (oil, gold, etc.)
Climate-related events (impacting agriculture, energy)
Tools & Indicators for News-Based Momentum Trading
Though news is the trigger, technical tools help refine entries:
1. Volume Spike Detector
Look for sudden surges in volume
VWAP and OBV (On-Balance Volume) indicators confirm strong participation
2. Moving Averages
9 EMA and 20 EMA help confirm short-term momentum
Price above 20 EMA post-news often signals continuation
3. VWAP (Volume Weighted Average Price)
Great tool for intraday traders
If price holds above VWAP after news, bias is bullish
4. Price Action & Candlestick Patterns
Bullish Marubozu or Engulfing candle post-news
Avoid Doji or indecisive candles immediately after news
Example: News-Based Momentum Trade (Real Case)
Stock: Tata Motors
News: JLR posts record quarterly sales, beats estimates
Initial Reaction: Stock gaps up 4% at open
Volume: Highest in 3 months
Action:
Entry: Break above 2-day high at ₹880
SL: ₹868 (below VWAP and breakout candle low)
Target: ₹910 (Fibonacci extension level)
Result: Stock hit ₹915 within 2 sessions.
Why it worked:
Strong earnings surprise
Sector-wide interest in autos
Clean technical breakout
Risks and Challenges in News-Based Momentum Trading
1. Fakeouts / Whipsaws
Not all news leads to sustained momentum.
Price may reverse after a knee-jerk reaction.
2. Late Entry
Retail traders often enter after the move is already 80% done.
Chasing rallies often leads to losses.
3. Overtrading and Emotion
Frequent news events can tempt traders to overtrade.
Not every piece of news is tradable.
4. Slippage and Gaps
Entry and exit prices may not be ideal due to fast moves.
Pre-market or after-hours news leads to gaps.
5. Fake News / Rumors
Always confirm the source.
Do not trade on unverified social media posts.
Tools & Indicators for News-Based Momentum Trading
Though news is the trigger, technical tools help refine entries:
1. Volume Spike Detector
Look for sudden surges in volume
VWAP and OBV (On-Balance Volume) indicators confirm strong participation
2. Moving Averages
9 EMA and 20 EMA help confirm short-term momentum
Price above 20 EMA post-news often signals continuation
3. VWAP (Volume Weighted Average Price)
Great tool for intraday traders
If price holds above VWAP after news, bias is bullish
4. Price Action & Candlestick Patterns
Bullish Marubozu or Engulfing candle post-news
Avoid Doji or indecisive candles immediately after news
Example: News-Based Momentum Trade (Real Case)
Stock: Tata Motors
News: JLR posts record quarterly sales, beats estimates
Initial Reaction: Stock gaps up 4% at open
Volume: Highest in 3 months
Action:
Entry: Break above 2-day high at ₹880
SL: ₹868 (below VWAP and breakout candle low)
Target: ₹910 (Fibonacci extension level)
Result: Stock hit ₹915 within 2 sessions.
Why it worked:
Strong earnings surprise
Sector-wide interest in autos
Clean technical breakout
Risks and Challenges in News-Based Momentum Trading
1. Fakeouts / Whipsaws
Not all news leads to sustained momentum.
Price may reverse after a knee-jerk reaction.
2. Late Entry
Retail traders often enter after the move is already 80% done.
Chasing rallies often leads to losses.
3. Overtrading and Emotion
Frequent news events can tempt traders to overtrade.
Not every piece of news is tradable.
4. Slippage and Gaps
Entry and exit prices may not be ideal due to fast moves.
Pre-market or after-hours news leads to gaps.
5. Fake News / Rumors
Always confirm the source.
Do not trade on unverified social media posts.
Institutional Intraday option Trading🏛️ Institutional Intraday Option Trading
Trade like the big players — with speed, strategy, and smart money precision.
This is high-level intraday options trading the way institutions do it — not with guesswork, but with structure, volume, and calculated risk.
🔥 What You’ll Learn:
Smart Money Concepts – Recognize institutional footprints & price manipulation
Intraday Market Structure – Breakouts, fakeouts, traps & liquidity zones
High-Volume Option Levels – Trade where institutions act
Scalp-to-Swing Entries – Fast setups with defined risk
Tight Risk Management – Stop loss placement like a pro
Time & Premium Decay Tactics – Trade with Theta on your side
💼 Perfect For:
✅ Intraday Option Traders
✅ Scalpers & Index Traders (Nifty/BankNifty )
✅ Anyone ready to follow the real momentum
📌 Fast markets need smart strategies.
Learn to dominate intraday moves with institutional logic.
Institutional Intraday option Trading🧠 What is Institutional Intraday Options Trading?
Institutional intraday options trading refers to short-term options strategies executed by large institutions with the intent to profit from price movements, volatility, and order flow within a single trading session.
Unlike positional or swing trading, intraday strategies demand high accuracy, precision, and speed, which institutions handle using advanced systems and huge capital.
🏢 Who Are the Institutions?
Institutions that dominate intraday options trading include:
Hedge Funds
Proprietary Trading Desks (Prop Desks)
Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs)
Domestic Institutional Investors (DIIs)
Investment Banks
Market Makers
These players have access to deep capital, faster execution platforms, and exclusive market data.
🔄 Institutional Objectives in Intraday Options
Capture Short-Term Volatility
Using strategies like Straddles, Strangles, Iron Condors.
Targeting events like news, economic data releases, or earnings.
Liquidity Management
Institutions provide liquidity through market-making and benefit from spreads.
Risk Hedging
Intraday options are also used to hedge large cash or futures positions.
Arbitrage Opportunities
Spot-Future arbitrage
Volatility arbitrage
Calendar spread arbitrage
📈 Common Institutional Intraday Option Strategies
1. Delta Neutral Scalping
Strategy: Sell ATM straddle and keep delta hedged.
Objective: Earn from theta decay and re-hedging.
2. Gamma Scalping
Based on buying options and adjusting delta frequently as prices move.
Profitable during high intraday volatility.
3. Option Writing with IV Crush
Institutions short options during events like RBI policy, Budget, or results.
Profits from rapid drop in Implied Volatility after the event.
4. Directional Betting with Flow Analysis
Tracking aggressive option buying/selling in OTM/ATM strikes.
Directional trades using high-volume & OI shifts.
5. Statistical Arbitrage
Using quant models to exploit temporary mispricings.
🧩 Institutional Footprints on Option Charts
Retail traders can spot institutional footprints by:
Large ATM Straddle positions
IV divergence in option chain
Open Interest buildup without price movement (Smart money quietly entering)
Options being written at key support/resistance zones
Example:
If Bank Nifty is consolidating near a resistance and suddenly 2 lakh OI is built up in 50 point OTM Calls with low IV – this may be Call writing by institutions expecting price rejection.
⚠️ Risks and Control Measures Used by Institutions
Real-time Risk Monitoring Tools
Delta/Gamma/Vega Exposure Management
Limit on maximum intraday drawdown
AI-driven decision engines to avoid emotional trades
✅ How Can Retail Traders Learn from Institutions?
Follow Open Interest + Volume Patterns
Observe institutional behavior on expiry days
Study option flow at key market levels
Backtest Straddles/Strangles on high IV days
Use Option Greeks for proper understanding
Always trade with risk-defined strategies (no naked selling without hedge)
📌 Final Thoughts
Institutional Intraday Options Trading is not about gambling or just clicking buy/sell — it’s an advanced, mathematically balanced, and data-backed approach to generate consistent intraday alpha from the market. Institutions often move ahead of retail due to technology, access, discipline, and experience.
Retail traders can’t copy the scale but can adapt the logic:
Focus on analyzing institutional footprints
Learn to read the option chain like a map
Use data, not emotions
AXISBANK – 1D Timeframe📊 AXISBANK – DAILY CHART (1D TIMEFRAME)
📅 Date: July 18, 2025
Closing Price: ₹1,099
Change: –₹60.50 (–5.2%)
Intraday Range: ₹1,074 (Low) – ₹1,159 (High)
52‑Week Range: ₹867 – ₹1,186
YTD Return: Approx. +8%
Volume: Heavier than average, indicating strong selling pressure.
⚠️ MARKET CONTEXT & TREND
Bearish Trend: Axis Bank has broken below key support zones.
Oversold RSI: While it suggests possible short-term bounce, confirmation is needed.
Strong ADX: Indicates trend strength is increasing — in this case, on the downside.
High Volume Sell-off: Indicates institutional or heavy selling pressure.
No reversal indicators yet – MACD is still negative and falling.
🔍 SUMMARY VIEW
Trend: Strongly Bearish
Momentum: Weak, heavily oversold
Volatility: High
Reversal Signs: Not yet confirmed
Short-Term Outlook: Bearish to sideway unless price reclaims ₹1,120–1,150 zone
🔮 WHAT TO WATCH NEXT
Reversal Confirmation: Look for RSI climbing back above 30 and MACD crossover.
Volume Drop on Red Days: If selling volume dries up, it may signal weakening bears.
Breakout above ₹1,150: Could confirm fresh buying and trend reversal.
Further Drop Below ₹1,070: Could lead to panic selling and deeper correction
Axis Bank Looking good on weekly chartNSE:AXISBANK
Expecting to form nice pattern of HnS in weekly chart.
Good to keep on the radar
Always respect SL & position sizing
========================
Trade Secrets By Pratik
========================
Disclaimer
NOT SEBI REGISTERED
This is our personal view and this analysis
is only for educational purposes
Please consult your advisor before
investing or trading
You are solely responsible for any decisions
you take on basis of our research.
Axisbank near the Bottom of rangeAxis Bank has been in a consolidation range since last 70+ days. Price's been making high of Rs 1240 and low of Rs 1150 since then.
Now, the price has come near 1150 (Range Low). Again price is expected to bounce from the range low to 1240 leaving an opportunity to grab near about 7% profit in a shorter period of time.
With Risk Taking till price reaches below Rs. 1150.
Price breaching below range low i.e. Rs. 1150 with good volume can lead the price to go to 1030 and 1000 price point.
Note: This analysis is for Educational Purpose Only. Please invest after consulting a professional financial advisor.
AXIS BANK🏦 AXIS BANK – Tight Consolidation Below Major Resistance | Breakout Watch 🚨
📅 Date: June 21, 2025
🕰️ Timeframe: Daily Chart
💸 CMP: ₹1,220.70 (+0.26%)
📊 Volume: 4.65M
📦 Price Action Overview:
🔲 Axis Bank has been consolidating in a tight rectangle pattern between ₹1,160 and ₹1,240 for nearly 7 weeks.
📌 Current price is approaching the upper end of the range, indicating a possible breakout setup.
🟡 There’s a strong historical resistance zone near ₹1,280–1,300 from October 2024 – if broken, this can open the gates for a new rally.
📈 Technical Levels:
Support Zone: ₹1,160 – ₹1,180
Resistance Zone: ₹1,240 (box top)
Major Resistance: ₹1,280 – ₹1,300
Breakout Target 1: ₹1,275
Breakout Target 2: ₹1,310+
🎯 Trade Plan:
✅ Entry: Buy above ₹1,242–1,245 (on daily close with volume confirmation)
🛑 Stop-loss: ₹1,180
🚀 Target 1: ₹1,275
🚀 Target 2: ₹1,310+
📊 Volume Insight:
Healthy volume near the upper range = accumulation in progress
Breakout candle with > average volume = confirmation trigger
✅ Conclusion:
Axis Bank is setting up a bullish continuation pattern after a sharp rally from ₹920. A breakout above ₹1,240 can attract fresh buying, aiming toward its previous resistance zone. Keep this stock on your breakout radar! 📡
🔖 #Hashtags for Visibility:
#AxisBank #BreakoutStocks #SwingTrading #NSEIndia #TechnicalAnalysis #RectanglePattern #BankingStocks #ChartPattern #PriceAction #TradingViewIndia #AatrishaCapital
Axis Bank Climbs Steadily Within a Moderate UptrendTopic Statement:
Axis Bank is on a moderate bull run, advancing within a stable uptrending channel but with less momentum compared to its peers.
Key Points:
* The stock is moving upwards in a bullish uptrending channel, making channel trading straightforward
* It is trading close to its lifetime high, reflecting gradual strength
* Accumulating the stock near or below the 180-day EMA offers a favorable risk-reward setup
AXISBANKAXISBANK has been trading within a Channel Up since the Jan 27 bottom and last week it unfolded its latest technical Bearish Leg.
As the 2H RSI bottomed on the 30.00 oversold barrier and the 2H MACD formed a Bearish Cross.
waiting for break 1177,
Stop Loss Placement :
- Aggressive Stop: ₹1215 (below breakout level)
- Conservative Stop: ₹1201 (midpoint between support and breakout)
Exit Strategy :
- Target 1: ₹1148 (immediate Support)
- Target 2: ₹1125 ( Down Channel support level)