SPX/GDP is at a double top with its March 2000 peak. The NASDAQ 100 meanwhile, for which that 2000 chart has been the go-to example for "what a bubble looks like and how an 85% drop is a typical bubble retracement target” for the past 20 years, is just 15% away from reaching that same threshold.
There's a large bear graveyard built over the past decade that includes some very smart people. That said, we are in a literal new paradigm if SPX climbs meaningfully higher from here, where the market will have decided that US equities have a higher relative value to the economy than since the bubble of the 1920s (the FRED GDP dataset on TradingView doesn't go back that far, but by looking it up elsewhere some back of the envelope math says that the market then was around 2x as high relative to GDP, and that was in a world where barely regulated stock market "investing" on 10x leverage was a national fad).
I acknowledge here a few counterpoints - transaction costs have been competed down to near zero, interest rates are historically low, and US tax structures have been shaped over the past few decades to massively benefit stock investing. The argument can therefore be made that perhaps equities really are worth more relative to the economy than in past scenarios because some of the factors in the denominator have meaningfully changed. This is basically the Warren Buffet argument of the past few years that equities are attractive so long as interest rates are this low.
...but this is a market that is basically pricing zero risk that anything bad ever happens to the US economy. Like…really? It’s been true so far, yes, but we’re getting asked increasingly to suspend our disbelief to justify this.
For the bull case to be correct, we have to accept that we are in a “new paradigm” where the following things are true:
- At 10 years and counting, the longest continuous economic expansion in US history still has at least several years left. This is something that hasn’t ever happened in nearly 250 years of US history which includes all post-Industrial Revolution history and no major wars fought in the homeland since the 1860s to periodically destroy US infrastructure and set it back as was typical in Europe.
- The Fed turning 180 degrees on monetary policy in 2019 is a good thing that should not possibly be read as a sign that there’s any underlying weakness in the US economy.
-The repo market completely blowing up, and requiring emergency “not-QE” measures from the Fed on a scale that’s wiped out nearly all quantitative tightening in a fraction of the time… should definitely not be read as a sign that there’s any major risks out there below the surface. Nope. Never. The repo market blowing up is not something that normally ever happens, but it’s definitely completely meaningless that it did.
-The Fed definitely for sure knows what it’s doing. Now, I don’t subscribe to Fed conspiracy theories and it’s legitimately an institution where America still actually hires real genius experts in the field rather than political flunkies for all the top positions. Still, the track record of central banks foreseeing the next crisis rather than trying to fight the previous battle echoes that of the TSA.
-There is no chance that ETF passive investing has inflated a bubble by indiscriminately propping up dumb valuations of companies that would normally be culled.
-The Fear and Greed index can casually make ATHs because actually everyone is directionally correct at the same time right now.
-It doesn’t matter that a con artist is in the White House basically running government as an empty seat with a clown car of Republican C-listers in his administration because he’s too vain to appoint any of the competent people who said mean things about him in the primaries, resulting in the most corrupt administration since Gilded Age machine/patronage politics. So far, this has basically gotten us boilerplate Republican tax policy and an indiscriminate flamethrower to regulations, so it’s worked well for equities in the short term. The problem is that it’s also getting us stuff like bizarre trade policy and a dramatically increased chance of a black swan event. Of recent note is the risk of war and related instability given recent escalation with Iran. Frankly, the world has yet to see what an offensive cyberwar or things like systematic attacks against the power grid would do to a modern developed economy.
- None of the parade of horribles coming in the 2020s matter. Seriously, it’s going to be a slog with a lot of chickens coming to roost and seemingly nobody’s talking about it. Student loan defaults are projected to reach 40% in the middle of the decade, which basically means the taxpayer will eat this in what has proven the worst, least direct, traumatic to an entire generation or two, and least efficient way to subsidize higher education imaginable. Trump’s tax cut was front-loaded and is structured to raise tax brackets faster than before due to changing the inflation metric used, with a giant expiration cliff hits in the middle of the decade. Somehow we’re going to deal with all this well after looting the top of the economy for a tax cut that overwhelmingly benefited those who were already getting the most out of the equities run.
- There will be no consequences to the relative value of equities from hardening to the political left seen in largest generation in America, set to be the plurality generational voting block in 2020 and exist for a window as an outright majority by the end of the decade. Millennials were already the most liberal living generation in America before Trump. One of the most ominous charts I’ve seen recently is the spread of consumer confidence between younger and older Americans, which had for decades always shown younger Americans to be more confident/optimistic, but which has now violently reversed. The Trump era has awaken a sleeping giant.
I think this market is going to turn the second something bad finally happens (the Wile E. Coyote moment) and the way that it catches participants off-guard will be that it cascades into a much faster and sharper drop than people expect. Live by the stock buyback, die by the reduced liquidity when people get scared and start moving towards the exits.
If you'd like to learn more about the indicators used to produce the charts on the left, check out SharkCharts.live, which has descriptions and a playlist of several hours of my explanatory videos.
I am an amateur and you shouldn't take anything I say as financial advice. I'm interested in any feedback.
*Realizing that the TradingView audience is international, for those unfamiliar with the American pop culture references to "Wile E. Coyote" - he is an antagonist character from classic Looney Toons cartoons who among other tropes, frequently chases his target too far over cliffs, ends up walking out on the air for a few steps, and then only when the moment happens that he looks down and realizes he is over the cliff does he start falling to the ground.