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Institutions Option Database TradingDatabase Option Trading is a powerful blend of market logic and data science. With structured data, intelligent scanning, and strategic execution, traders gain a massive edge over emotional/manual decisions. This approach is ideal for traders aiming for consistent performance, lower drawdowns, and systematic growth. The more you code, automate, and analyze—the better you trade. Sample Strategy - PCR + OI Spike Strategy Logic: If PCR > 1.3 and Call OI Spike at ATM > 15%, initiate a Put Sell. Exit when PCR drops below 1.1 or OI unwinds. Backtest Results (NIFTY Options): Win Rate: 72% Avg Profit per Trade: ₹4800 Max Drawdown: ₹9800
NSE:HDFCBANKEducation
by SkyTradingZone
2
Database Trading Introduction to Database Option Trading Database Option Trading is an advanced strategy where traders use massive historical and real-time market data stored in structured databases to identify profitable option trades. Unlike conventional trading, this approach focuses on data-driven decision-making—leveraging algorithms, statistics, and pattern recognition rather than pure technical/fundamental analysis. 2. The Role of Data in Option Trading Types of Data Used: Option Chain Data: Strike prices, premiums, LTP, OI, IV, volume. Historical Data: Past price action, volatility, Greeks, PCR. Sentiment Data: FII/DII positions, news sentiment. Real-Time Market Feeds: Tick-by-tick updates. Macroeconomic Data: Interest rates, inflation, events.
NSE:BANKNIFTYEducation
by SkyTradingZone
1
Long Term Database TradingHow Institutions Use Option Databases 🔍 Institutional Insights: Banks & HFTs (High-Frequency Traders) run option strategies over petabytes of data. Real-time arbitrage opportunities are found using option databases. They model Vega, Theta & IV impact per stock and expiry. Example Institutional Workflow: Pull 10 years of NIFTY options. Train ML model to predict next-day IV. Execute based on high-probability straddles/strangles. Exit before expiry using trailing delta hedge.
NSE:NIFTYEducation
by SkyTradingZone
Institutions Option Database Trading Part-6Deep Dive into Options Basics (For Data Traders) Options are contracts giving the right but not the obligation to buy or sell an asset at a certain price before a set date. They are used for hedging, speculation, and generating income. 🛠️ Two Types: Call Option: Right to buy an asset. Put Option: Right to sell an asset. Backtesting means testing a strategy using past data to check performance. Key for data-driven option trading. Example: Load 1-year option chain data for BANKNIFTY. Apply rules: Buy Call when IV drops by 10% & PCR < 0.8. Check PnL for each trade. Filter for success rate > 65%.
MCX:CRUDEOIL1!Education
by SkyTradingZone
Learn Institution Trading What is Institutional Option Trading? It refers to large-scale option strategies used by hedge funds, banks, and FIIs to manage risk, hedge portfolios, or create directional bets with high precision. 🔹 Key Institutional Strategies: Buy-Write (Covered Call): Holding stocks and selling calls to earn premium. Protective Put: Buying puts as insurance to hedge stock positions. Multi-leg Spreads (Iron Condor, Butterfly): Neutral strategies to profit from range-bound markets. Put-Call Ratio Analysis (PCR): Gauging market sentiment from institutional flow.
BSE:SENSEXEducation
by SkyTradingZone
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Advanced Divergence Trading What is Divergence? Divergence happens when the price moves in the opposite direction of an indicator (like RSI, MACD, or Momentum). It signals a possible trend reversal or trend weakening. 🔹 Types of Divergence: Regular Divergence (Trend Reversal): Bullish: Price makes lower lows, but indicator makes higher lows → Reversal up Bearish: Price makes higher highs, but indicator makes lower highs → Reversal down Hidden Divergence (Trend Continuation): Bullish: Price makes higher lows, indicator makes lower lows → Trend continuation up Bearish: Price makes lower highs, indicator makes higher highs → Trend continuation down 🔹 Advanced Tips: Use on higher timeframes for accuracy Confirm with volume, trendlines, or price action Combine with support/resistance or Fibonacci zones 🔹 Pro Tools to Use: RSI (Relative Strength Index) MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) Stochastic Oscillator OBV (On Balance Volume)
NSE:NIFTYEducation
by SkyTradingZone
6
Advanced Institutions Option Trading - Part 10Option Pricing Models Institutions rely on theoretical models to value options precisely. Models Used: Black-Scholes Model: Most common for European Options Binomial Model: For American options Monte Carlo Simulations: For complex path-dependent options Bachelier Model: For negative rate scenarios These models help forecast fair value, hedge ratios, and profit probabilities. 🔹 17. Algorithmic and Quant Option Trading Institutional desks often use automation for efficiency. Tools & Techniques: Python, R, C++ for strategy coding Machine Learning for volatility prediction Option Flow Analysis (Unusual Orders) Real-time Gamma Exposure Mapping Quant desks track Volga, Vanna, Charm, and other second-order Greeks for precise hedging.
MCX:GOLD1!Education
by SkyTradingZone
4
Advanced Institutions Option Trading - Part 8Institutional Option Trading Strategies Let’s dive deeper into how big players operate: 🔶 Volatility Arbitrage: Take advantage of IV mispricing across strikes/months. Long low IV, short high IV – Net neutral delta. 🔶 Dispersion Trading: Buy individual stock options, short index options. Profit from correlation divergence. 🔶 Box Spread (Synthetic Arbitrage): Arbitrage between synthetic long/short positions. Very low risk, used by HFT desks. Institutions use algorithms to run thousands of such strategies in real time.
MCX:CRUDEOIL1!Education
by SkyTradingZone
2
Advanced Institutions Option Trading - Part 5Institutional Tools & Platforms Bloomberg Terminal / Reuters Eikon: Institutional-grade data FIX Protocols: For high-frequency option order routing Quant Models: Statistical arbitrage using Python/R Option Analytics Engines: Measure IV Skew, Smile, Surface modeling Institutions don’t just trade options—they engineer risk-managed portfolios using AI and predictive analytics. Option Chain Analysis for Traders Option Chain provides a list of all available option contracts for a stock/index. Key Elements: Strike Prices Call & Put Prices Open Interest (OI) Volume Implied Volatility (IV) Change in OI Interpretation: High OI + Rising Price = Strong Trend IV Surge = High Volatility Expectation PCR (Put-Call Ratio) = Market Sentiment Indicator PCR > 1: Bearish sentiment PCR < 1: Bullish sentiment
NSE:HDFCBANKEducation
by SkyTradingZone
3
Advanced Institutions Option Trading - Part 4 Technical and Fundamental Analysis in Option Trading Fundamental Analysis: Evaluate company value, earnings, sector performance Technical Analysis: Price action, patterns, indicators like RSI, MACD IV & HV Tools: Helps in choosing optimal strike prices based on volatility Understanding market structure is essential for timing entries/exits in options. Advanced Institutional Options Trading Institutions like hedge funds, banks, and proprietary desks use options for complex strategies: Delta Hedging: Maintain a neutral position Portfolio Insurance: Using puts during economic downturns Volatility Arbitrage: Capitalizing on volatility mispricing Structured Products: Combine options with bonds or equities for customized payoff These strategies require deep understanding of volatility surfaces, risk models, and massive capital.
NSE:NIFTYEducation
by SkyTradingZone
2
Advanced Institutions Option Trading - Part 3Why Trade Options? Hedging against portfolio loss Leverage with limited capital Income generation through strategies like covered calls Directional trading using strategies like long calls or puts Investment Strategy using Options LEAPS (Long-Term Equity Anticipation Securities): Investing in long-term call options Covered Calls: Generate income while holding stocks Cash-Secured Puts: Earn premium while waiting to buy a stock at lower price These are often used by investors to add flexibility and income to portfolios.
BSE:SENSEXEducation
by SkyTradingZone
2
Advanced Institutions Option TradingFinancial Market is a marketplace where assets such as stocks, bonds, commodities, and derivatives (like options) are bought and sold. Key components: Equity Markets – Shares of companies Debt Markets – Government or corporate bonds Derivatives Market – Futures, Options Currency and Commodity Markets Options are financial contracts giving the buyer the right (not obligation) to buy/sell an asset at a set price before a specific date. ✅ Types of Options: Call Option: Right to Buy Put Option: Right to Sell ✅ Key Terminologies: Strike Price: Agreed price to buy/sell Premium: Cost of the option Expiration Date: Validity of the contract ITM/ATM/OTM: In-the-money / At-the-money / Out-of-the-money
NSE:BANKNIFTYEducation
by SkyTradingZone
2
Advanced Put Call Ratio (PCR)Slide 1: Introduction to Advanced Put Call Ratio (PCR) The Put Call Ratio (PCR) is a widely used sentiment indicator in options trading. It measures the volume or open interest of put options relative to call options. Advanced analysis of PCR helps traders gauge market sentiment—whether fear or greed is dominant—and anticipate potential reversals or continuations. Slide 2: Basic Formula and Types PCR Formula: Volume-based PCR = Total Put Volume / Total Call Volume Open Interest-based PCR = Total Put OI / Total Call OI Interpretation: PCR > 1: Bearish sentiment (more puts) PCR < 1: Bullish sentiment (more calls) Key Types: Index PCR – NIFTY, BANKNIFTY PCR Stock PCR – For individual stocks Slide 3: Advanced Interpretation of PCR 1. Contrarian Indicator: Very high PCR (e.g., >1.5): Indicates excess fear, potential reversal upward Very low PCR (e.g., <0.6): Indicates extreme optimism, potential market correction 2. Trend Confirmation: Stable rising PCR in uptrend = Confirmed strength Falling PCR in downtrend = Confirmed weakness 3. Divergence Signal: If prices rise but PCR also rises → underlying caution (hidden bearishness) If prices fall but PCR drops → lack of fear (hidden bullishness) Slide 4: Using PCR with Other Tools Combine PCR with: Volume & OI Data – To confirm trader positions Implied Volatility (IV) – High PCR + high IV = fear-based overreaction Support/Resistance Levels – Look for breakout confirmations Technical Indicators – RSI, MACD, VWAP with PCR for enhanced edge
NSE:HDFCBANKEducation
by SkyTradingZone
2
Option Trading Master class Part -6What is Option Trading? Definition: Options are derivative contracts that give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a pre-decided price within a specific timeframe. Types of Options: Call Option: Right to buy Put Option: Right to sell Option Participants: Buyers (Holders): Limited risk, unlimited reward Sellers (Writers): Limited reward, unlimited risk How Options Work (With Example) Imagine Reliance stock is trading at ₹2,500. Call Buyer: Buys a ₹2,500 Call Option by paying ₹50 premium Scenario A (Stock goes to ₹2,600): Intrinsic value = ₹100 Profit = ₹100 – ₹50 = ₹50 per share Scenario B (Stock goes to ₹2,400): Option expires worthless Loss = ₹50 (premium paid)
NSE:NIFTYEducation
by SkyTradingZone
2
Option Trading Master class Part -7Fundamentals of Stock Investing Types of Investors: Value Investors: Focus on undervalued companies Growth Investors: Target high-growth potential stocks Dividend Investors: Prefer regular income from dividends Research Parameters: Earnings per Share (EPS) Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E) Return on Equity (ROE) Debt-to-Equity Ratio Industry Trends Tools for Investing: Demat and Trading Account Research Platforms (e.g., TradingView, Screener.in) Portfolio Tracker (e.g., Zerodha Console)
BSE:SENSEXEducation
by SkyTradingZone
2
Option Trading Master classIntroduction to Investing and Option Trading Investing and option trading are two pillars of wealth creation and risk management in modern finance. Investing focuses on long-term growth by acquiring assets that appreciate over time, while option trading involves strategic bets on price movements within a defined period using derivative contracts. Together, they offer investors a combination of growth, income, and hedging capabilities. What is Investing? Definition: Investing is the process of allocating money into financial instruments (like stocks, bonds, ETFs, or real estate) with the expectation of generating a return over time. Key Objectives: Wealth accumulation Passive income generation Capital preservation Beating inflation Common Asset Classes: Equity (Stocks): Ownership in companies Fixed Income (Bonds): Lending capital to earn interest Real Estate: Physical properties generating rental income Mutual Funds/ETFs: Pooled investments Commodities and Gold: Inflation hedges
NSE:BANKNIFTYEducation
by SkyTradingZone
5
Master class 9. Introduction to Option Trading Options are powerful derivative instruments that give buyers the right (not obligation) to buy or sell an underlying asset at a predetermined price within a specific time. They are commonly used for hedging, speculation, and income strategies. There are two basic types: Call Options: Right to buy Put Options: Right to sell Options derive value from stocks, indices (Nifty, Bank Nifty), commodities, or currencies and are traded on platforms like NSE in India. 2. Key Terminology in Option Trading Strike Price: Price at which the option can be exercised Premium: Cost of buying the option Expiry: Last day the option is valid Lot Size: Fixed number of underlying units (e.g., 50 for Nifty) Intrinsic Value: Real value of an option if exercised now Time Value: Portion of premium linked to time left before expiry ATM/ITM/OTM: At The Money, In The Money, Out of The Money – defines moneyness of options
NSE:BANKNIFTYEducation
by SkyTradingZone
2
Institution Master class Welcome to the Institution Trading Master Class, an advanced educational module crafted for serious traders and investors who want to understand how big institutions trade, move markets, and manage risk at scale. This course blends practical market experience with strategic tools and institutional concepts. 📘 Page 1: Understanding Institutional Trading 🔹 What is Institutional Trading? Institutional trading refers to market activities performed by large entities like: Mutual Funds Pension Funds Hedge Funds Insurance Companies Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs)
NSE:BANKNIFTYEducation
by SkyTradingZone
Institution Option Trading Part-7Regulatory & Risk Considerations SEBI (India) & SEC (US) regulations limit speculative exposure. Institutions must report Open Interest, Position Limits, Margin Usage. Must adhere to VaR (Value at Risk) frameworks and internal risk policies. Institutional Trading during Events Earnings Seasons: Institutions use straddles/strangles for earnings plays. Budget or RBI Policy: Protective collars/volatility trades. Global Crisis (e.g. COVID): Use of massive protective puts (SPX, NIFTY). VIX & Institutional Behavior India VIX plays a vital role in determining institutional option strategies. High VIX = buying protection, long gamma strategies. Low VIX = selling premium, income strategies.
NSE:SBINEducation
by SkyTradingZone
9
Institution Option Trading Part-5Popular Strategies Tested via Option Database IV Crush Earnings Strategy Buy/sell options before earnings when IV is high, expecting post-earnings IV drop. High OI Breakouts Trade breakouts from strikes with high OI using price+OI correlation. Skew Arbitrage Analyze IV skew and trade underpriced/overpriced strikes accordingly. Time Decay Capture (Theta) Sell options with high Theta before expiry using historical decay rates. 💡 Advantages of Option Database Trading Quantitative Edge: Allows logic-based decisions over emotion-driven trades. Backtesting Confidence: Know the probability of success before risking capital. Scalability: Can analyze hundreds of symbols and expiry combinations. Automation Ready: Can link with brokers to run fully algorithmic systems.
BSE:SENSEXEducation
by SkyTradingZone
2