COT Commercials Positions Table Der COT Commercials Opposite Positions Table for Forex ist ein umfangreicher TradingView-Indikator, der die Positionen der kommerziellen Marktteilnehmer (Commercials) im Rahmen des Commitments of Traders (COT)-Berichts darstellt. Er zeigt Long-, Short-, und Netto-Positionen sowie deren prozentuale Anteile für ausgewählte Märkte an.
Hauptmerkmale:
Datenquellenwahl: Unterstützt "Futures Only" und "Futures and Options".
Marktabdeckung: Umfasst Währungen, Rohstoffe, Indizes und Kryptowährungen.
Farbkodierung: Dynamische Farbverläufe zur Hervorhebung von Extremen bei Long-/Short-Positionen und Prozentsätzen.
Historische Daten: Zeigt Positionsdaten der letzten 10 Wochen an.
Anpassbare Tabelle: Klar strukturiert mit wichtigen Kennzahlen wie max./min. Positionen und Netto-Positionen.
Der Indikator ist besonders für Trader nützlich, die Marktstimmungen analysieren und Positionierungen großer Marktteilnehmer in ihre Handelsentscheidungen einbeziehen möchten.
Der Indikator ist hauptsächlich für Futures gedacht und funktioniert nur im 1 Woche Chart.
Sentiment
Elite Trading Network | HQ: Quantum Edge V2Elite Trading Network HQ: Quantum Edge V2 is a sophisticated market structure analysis tool designed to help traders make informed decisions based on a deep understanding of market conditions. This script blends structural trend analysis with AI-based predictive models to provide dynamic, real-time insights into market behavior. Here is what makes Quantum Edge V2 unique:
Key Features:
Adaptive Market Structure Analysis:
The script uses a multi-level algorithm to identify key market structures, such as swing highs and swing lows, to help traders understand the underlying strength or weakness of the current market trend. It dynamically tracks critical market boundaries using historical price action and recalculates trend levels as new data emerges.
Range and Trend Condition Detection:
Quantum Edge V2 detects whether the market is trending or ranging by analyzing historical structure breaks. This detection helps identify moments of consolidation (yellow zones) or periods of trend continuation. By calculating average structural break durations, the indicator alerts users to conditions that may require caution, such as ranging markets.
Predictive AI Analysis for Entry Optimization:
An AI-powered module evaluates volume thresholds and ATR (Average True Range) to provide users with an understanding of the current market risk. The ATR is calculated based on a user-defined timeframe, giving flexibility in how users approach different market conditions. This feature also determines the risk per trade and calculates the optimal position size, ensuring that users can tailor their risk according to their trading plan.
Real-Time Alerts and Visual Indicators:
The indicator includes alerts for key conditions:
Green Condition: Signals optimal market entry conditions.
Yellow Condition: Indicates a cautionary ranging market, alerting traders to the potential lack of strong trends.
Red Condition: Identifies unsuitable market conditions for entry due to insufficient volume or unfavorable metrics.
Color-coded background visuals provide instant clarity regarding market conditions—red, yellow, or green—allowing traders to make quick, informed decisions.
Dynamic Multi-Timeframe Analysis:
The user can select a custom entry timeframe, while the script internally calculates and adapts to a higher timeframe for deep trend analysis. This approach gives traders a complete view of both the short-term (entry) and higher timeframe (overall trend) dynamics.
How to Use:
Identify Trend Conditions: The indicator visually plots key market structures (green and red structural lines) to help users determine where the market may find support or resistance. The background changes color to indicate trending (green), ranging (yellow), or high-risk (red) conditions.
Make Informed Entries: Use the real-time alerts and label information to get insights into current market conditions. If the background is green and metrics align, the indicator suggests an optimal time for entry.
Position Sizing and Risk Management: The calculated risk per trade and position size (displayed on-screen) assist users in managing risk effectively. Users can utilize this data to adjust trade sizes and maximize profit potential while adhering to their risk tolerance.
What Sets Quantum Edge V2 Apart:
Unlike other indicators that solely provide trend direction, Quantum Edge V2 offers an integrated understanding of market structure, volume analysis, and predictive AI models.
The ranging market detection (yellow zones) is particularly valuable for traders looking to avoid low-probability trades during periods of market indecision.
The use of ATR-based risk calculation ensures the position sizing is always aligned with market volatility, adding an extra layer of protection for capital.
Important Notes:
Educational Value: This script does not just tell you when to enter or exit. It provides deep insights into market dynamics, giving traders a tool to learn and improve their market understanding. The ability to view market structure across different timeframes and visualize areas of caution is crucial for long-term growth as a trader.
No Guaranteed Results: This indicator is a powerful tool for analysis, but like all trading strategies, it does not guarantee profits. Always practice proper risk management.
Why It's Worth Using: This indicator combines multi-timeframe structure analysis, volume metrics, and predictive AI modeling—an approach typically reserved for professional trading systems. Traders looking to incorporate a systematic approach to risk, ranging markets, and trend detection will find Quantum Edge V2 invaluable.
Closed-source Explanation: The script uses proprietary algorithms and unique concepts for trend detection and volume-based analysis that ensure high levels of accuracy in defining market structure and determining entry signals. Because of its complexity and the unique blend of tools, it remains closed-source.
Feedback and Support:
If you have questions or suggestions about this script, feel free to comment or reach out. We value your input as we strive to improve and provide traders with cutting-edge tools.
Price & Volume HeatmapDescription:
Displays a heatmap (like TV's Stock Heatmap) for up to 40 symbols (either from 3 presets, or custom). It can show Price Change, Volume Change and Volume (in $). The text size for each symbol can auto-change based on whether it fits into the cell. Each cell shows the name of the symbol, and when hovered - it shows the value.
Inputs:
- Symbols -> which symbols to use (Custom, or predefined list of Stocks/Crypto/Forex)
- Data -> show Price Change (%), Volume Change (%) or Volume ($)
- Custom -> put your custom list of symbols here (comma separated without spaces, up to 40 symbols)
- Position -> heatmap position
- Height / Width -> height / width of the heatmap (% of indicator's space)
- Text Size -> can be constant (Tiny/Normal/etc) or automatically change based on the text of each cell (Auto/Auto (Smaller))
- Color -> text color
Notes:
It is not recommended to use the script on timeframes below 30 seconds, because it may be too slow there (since it's based on a table object, it might be slow).
COT Report Indicator with Speculator Net PositionsThe COT Report Indicator with Speculator Net Positions is designed to give traders insights into the behavior of large market participants, particularly speculators, based on the Commitment of Traders (COT) report data. This indicator visualizes the long and short positions of non-commercial traders, allowing users to gauge the sentiment and positioning of large speculators in key markets, such as Gold, Silver, Crude Oil, S&P 500, and currency pairs like EURUSD, GBPUSD, and others.
The indicator provides three essential components:
Net Long Position (Green) - Displays the total long positions held by speculators.
Net Short Position (Purple) - Shows the total short positions held by speculators.
Net Difference (Long - Short) (Yellow) - Illustrates the difference between long and short positions, helping users identify whether speculators are more bullish or bearish on the asset.
Recommended Timeframes:
Best Timeframes: Weekly and Monthly
The COT report data is released on a weekly basis, making higher timeframes like the Weekly and Monthly charts ideal for this indicator. These timeframes provide a more accurate reflection of the underlying trends in speculator positioning, avoiding the noise present in lower timeframes.
How to Use:
Market Sentiment: Use this indicator to gauge the sentiment of large speculators, who often drive market trends. A strong net long position can indicate bullish sentiment, while a high net short position might suggest bearish sentiment.
Trend Reversal Signals: Sudden changes in the net difference between long and short positions may indicate potential trend reversals.
Confirmation Tool: Pair this indicator with your existing analysis to confirm the strength of a trend or identify overbought/oversold conditions based on speculator activity.
Supported Symbols:
This indicator currently supports a range of commodities and currency pairs, including:
Gold ( OANDA:XAUUSD )
Silver ( OANDA:XAGUSD )
Crude Oil ( TVC:USOIL )
Natural Gas ( NYMEX:NG1! )
S&P 500 ( SP:SPX )
Dollar Index ( TVC:DXY )
EURUSD ( FX:EURUSD )
GBPUSD ( FX:GBPUSD )
GBPJPY( FX:GBPJPY )
By providing clear insight into the positions of large speculators, this indicator is a powerful tool for traders looking to align with institutional sentiment and enhance their trading strategy.
TimeFlow Momentum IndicatorThe “TimeFlow Momentum Indicator” is a thoughtfully crafted tool that integrates multiple analytical components to deliver a unique perspective on market momentum. It is not a mere combination of existing indicators, but rather a purposeful integration where each element plays a specific role, enhancing the overall functionality and reliability of the script. The primary aim is to provide traders with a more comprehensive and accurate analysis by leveraging time-based divergence, volume validation, and trend filtering.
1. Time-Based Momentum Divergence: The Core Innovation
• The heart of the indicator is the Time Divergence Line, which introduces a unique approach to analyzing momentum by focusing on the time spent in uptrends versus downtrends. Unlike traditional momentum indicators that rely purely on price movements (e.g., RSI, MACD), the Time Divergence Line captures the duration of market trends, offering a different perspective on momentum shifts.
• This method counts consecutive bars where the price closes higher (uptrend) or lower (downtrend) and calculates the difference between these counts. By measuring the time spent in different trend directions, the indicator can detect early signs of trend exhaustion or potential reversals, which are often missed by price-based indicators.
2. EMA Smoothing: Enhancing Signal Clarity
• The raw time divergence data is smoothed using an Exponential Moving Average (EMA) to filter out noise and provide a clearer, more reliable signal. The EMA helps to capture the underlying trend in the divergence data, making it easier for traders to identify meaningful shifts in momentum without being misled by short-term price fluctuations.
• This smoothing technique is crucial because it reduces false signals, ensuring that the divergence line reflects the true momentum of the market.
3. Overlay Plotting for Better Visualization
• The smoothed Time Divergence Line is directly plotted on the main price chart, offering traders a visual overlay that correlates directly with price action. This design choice enhances the usability of the indicator by allowing traders to see the divergence line’s relationship with the price in real-time, making it easier to spot potential buy and sell signals.
• By overlaying the divergence line on the main chart, the indicator provides a visual representation of momentum divergence, which is more intuitive and actionable compared to separate oscillators.
4. Trend Confirmation Using VWAP and EMA
• To increase the reliability of signals, the indicator incorporates a trend filter using both VWAP (Volume Weighted Average Price) and EMA (50-period). This filter ensures that signals are generated only when they align with the prevailing market trend:
• The VWAP is used to gauge the average price considering the volume, acting as a dynamic support/resistance level. It helps to confirm whether the market sentiment is bullish or bearish.
• The EMA (50-period) acts as a trend-following indicator, smoothing out price action and providing a clear signal of the overall trend direction.
• This dual-filter approach helps to eliminate false signals that may occur during choppy or sideways market conditions, ensuring that the generated signals are more aligned with the broader market trend.
5. Volume Correlation for Signal Validation
• The indicator integrates a volume filter to confirm the validity of momentum signals. It checks whether the current volume exceeds a threshold based on the average volume, ensuring that signals are only generated when there is strong market participation.
• This volume correlation check is vital because it validates price movements by confirming that they are backed by significant trading activity, reducing the likelihood of false signals in low-volume conditions.
6. Cooldown Mechanism: Controlling Signal Frequency
• To prevent excessive signals, especially during volatile or sideways market conditions, the indicator implements a cooldown period. This feature enforces a minimum number of bars between consecutive signals, reducing noise and preventing traders from being overwhelmed by frequent alerts.
• The cooldown mechanism enhances the signal quality, ensuring that each buy or sell signal is meaningful and not just a result of short-term fluctuations.
How the Components Work Together
The TimeFlow Momentum Indicator is a cohesive tool where each component plays a specific and complementary role:
1. Time Divergence Line identifies shifts in market momentum by analyzing the duration of trends.
2. EMA Smoothing refines the divergence data, providing a clearer signal by filtering out noise.
3. Trend Filter (VWAP + EMA) ensures that signals are generated in alignment with the prevailing market trend, reducing the risk of false signals.
4. Volume Filter validates signals based on trading activity, confirming that price movements are backed by strong volume.
5. Cooldown Mechanism controls the frequency of signals, preventing overtrading and reducing noise.
Conclusion
The “TimeFlow Momentum Indicator” is an innovative tool that offers a new way of analyzing market momentum by focusing on time-based divergence. It combines this original approach with trend and volume filters to create a reliable, user-friendly indicator that can help traders identify high-probability entry and exit points. This is not a simple mashup of existing indicators but a well-designed integration where each component enhances the overall functionality, providing traders with a unique edge in market analysis.
William Fractals + SignalsWilliams Fractals + Trading Signals
This indicator identifies Williams Fractals and generates trading signals based on price sweeps of these fractal levels.
Williams Fractals are specific candlestick patterns that identify potential market turning points. Each fractal requires a minimum of 5 bars (2 before, 1 center, 2 after), though this indicator allows you to customize the number of bars checked.
Up Fractal (High Point) forms when you have a center bar whose HIGH is higher than the highs of 'n' bars before and after it. For example, with n=2, you'd see a pattern where the center bar's high is higher than 2 bars before and 2 bars after it. The indicator also recognizes patterns where up to 4 bars after the center can have equal highs before requiring a lower high.
Down Fractal (Low Point) forms when you have a center bar whose LOW is lower than the lows of 'n' bars before and after it. For example, with n=2, you'd see a pattern where the center bar's low is lower than 2 bars before and 2 bars after it. The indicator also recognizes patterns where up to 4 bars after the center can have equal lows before requiring a higher low.
Trading Signals:
The indicator generates signals when price "sweeps" these fractal levels:
Buy Signal (Green Triangle) triggers when price sweeps a down fractal. This requires price to go BELOW the down fractal's low level and then CLOSE ABOVE it . This pattern often indicates a failed breakdown and potential reversal upward.
Sell Signal (Red Triangle) triggers when price sweeps an up fractal. This requires price to go ABOVE the up fractal's high level and then CLOSE BELOW it. This pattern often indicates a failed breakout and potential reversal downward.
Customizable Settings:
1. Periods (default: 10) - How many bars to check before and after the center bar (minimum value: 2)
2. Maximum Stored Fractals (default: 1) - How many fractal levels to keep in memory. Older levels are removed when this limit is reached to prevent excessive signals and maintain indicator performance.
Important Notes:
• The indicator checks the actual HIGH and LOW prices of each bar, not just closing prices
• Fractal levels are automatically removed after generating a signal to prevent repeated triggers
• Signals are only generated on bar close to avoid false triggers
• Alerts include the ticker symbol and the exact price level where the sweep occurred
Common Use Cases:
• Identifying potential reversal points
• Finding stop-hunt levels where price might reverse
• Setting stop-loss levels above up fractals or below down fractals
• Trading failed breakouts/breakdowns at fractal levels
RSI and Dev Advanced Volatility IndexEnglish Explanation of the "RSI and Dev Advanced Volatility Index" Pine Script Code
Understanding the Code
Purpose:
This Pine Script code creates a custom indicator that combines the Relative Strength Index (RSI) and Deviation (DEV) to provide insights into market volatility.
Key Components:
* Deviation (DEV): Calculates the difference between the closing price and the 10-period simple moving average. This measures the extent to which the price deviates from its recent average, indicating volatility.
* RSI: The traditional RSI is then applied to the calculated deviations. This helps to smooth the data and identify overbought or oversold conditions in terms of volatility.
Calculation Steps:
* Deviation Calculation: The difference between the closing price and its 10-period simple moving average is calculated.
* RSI Calculation: The RSI is calculated on the deviations, providing a measure of the speed and change of volatility relative to recent volatility changes.
* Plotting:
* The RSI of the deviations is plotted on the chart.
* Horizontal lines are plotted at 50, 0, and 110 to visually represent different volatility zones.
* The area between the lines is filled with color to highlight low and high volatility regions.
Interpretation and Usage
* Volatility Analysis:
* High Volatility: When the RSI is above 50, it indicates high volatility, suggesting the market might be in a consolidation or trend reversal phase.
* Low Volatility: When the RSI is below 50, it indicates low volatility, suggesting a relatively calm market.
* Trading Signals:
* Buy Signal: When the RSI crosses above 50 from below, it might signal increasing volatility, which could be a buying opportunity.
* Sell Signal: When the RSI crosses below 50 from above, it might signal decreasing volatility, which could be a selling opportunity.
* Risk Management:
* By monitoring volatility, traders can better manage their risk. During periods of high volatility, traders might reduce their position size or adopt more conservative strategies.
Advantages
* Comprehensive: Combines RSI and DEV for a more holistic view of volatility.
* Sensitivity: Quickly responds to changes in market volatility.
* Visual Clarity: Color-coded zones provide a clear visual representation of different volatility levels.
Limitations
* Parameter Sensitivity: The indicator's performance is sensitive to parameter changes, such as the lookback period for the moving average.
* Lag: Like most technical indicators, it has some lag and might not capture every market movement.
* Not Predictive: It can only indicate current and past volatility, not future movements.
Summary
This custom indicator offers a valuable tool for analyzing market volatility. By combining RSI and DEV, it provides a more nuanced perspective on price fluctuations. However, it should be used in conjunction with other technical indicators and fundamental analysis for more robust trading decisions.
Key points to remember:
* Higher RSI values indicate higher volatility.
* Lower RSI values indicate lower volatility.
* Crossovers of the RSI line above or below 50 can provide potential trading signals.
* The indicator should be used in conjunction with other analysis tools for a more complete picture of the market.
Option Delta CandlesDescription:
The Option Delta Candles with EMA indicator is designed to help traders visualize option delta values as candlesticks, calculated using the Black-Scholes model. It provides a unique way to view the cumulative delta changes in a normalized format, making it easier to identify trends and reversals. The addition of an EMA (Exponential Moving Average) overlay helps smooth out the data for better trend analysis.
Features:
Customizable Inputs:
Risk-Free Interest Rate: Adjust the risk-free rate for more precise option calculations.
Volatility: Input the volatility of the underlying asset to reflect current market conditions.
Strike Price: Enter the desired strike price of the option.
Days to Expiration: Specify the days until the option's expiration.
EMA Length: Modify the length of the EMA to suit different time frames and trading styles.
Visual Styles:
Customizable candle colors for bullish and bearish candles.
Configurable border and wick colors for personalized chart aesthetics.
How It Works:
The indicator uses the Black-Scholes model to calculate the delta of a European call option. Delta measures the sensitivity of the option's price to changes in the price of the underlying asset.
A cumulative delta is calculated and normalized to create candlestick representations, providing a visual cue of how the option delta changes over time.
The scaled delta values are normalized between 0 and 1, allowing for a consistent view of relative strength and weakness.
The EMA overlay helps identify smoothed trends and potential reversals within the delta data.
Applications:
Trend Identification: The indicator helps spot trends and potential reversals in option delta movements.
Volatility Analysis: By visualizing option delta, traders can gain insight into how changes in volatility impact options pricing.
Advanced Analysis: This tool is ideal for options traders and analysts looking to integrate delta analysis into their strategies.
Use Cases:
Traders can use the candlestick view to understand shifts in market sentiment through delta changes.
Options Analysts can visualize delta fluctuations over time, aiding in complex options trading strategies.
Technical Analysts may combine this indicator with other tools to confirm signals and enhance trading decisions.
Indicator Configuration:
Input Settings:
Risk-free interest rate (as a percentage).
Volatility (standard deviation) in percentage.
Strike price of the option.
Days remaining until expiration.
EMA length for trend analysis.
Style Customization:
Select colors for bullish and bearish candles, border, and wicks.
Change the color of the EMA line to distinguish it on the chart.
Release Notes:
Initial Version: Includes full implementation of the Black-Scholes delta calculation with customizable EMA and normalized candlestick view.
Future Updates: Potential additions may include enhancements for put options and integrated alerts.
Forex Heatmap█ OVERVIEW
This indicator creates a dynamic grid display of currency pair cross rates (exchange rates) and percentage changes, emulating the Cross Rates and Heat Map widgets available on our Forex page. It provides a view of realtime exchange rates for all possible pairs derived from a user-specified list of currencies, allowing users to monitor the relative performance of several currencies directly on a TradingView chart.
█ CONCEPTS
Foreign exchange
The Foreign Exchange (Forex/FX) market is the largest, most liquid financial market globally, with an average daily trading volume of over 5 trillion USD. Open 24 hours a day, five days a week, it operates through a decentralized network of financial hubs in various major cities worldwide. In this market, participants trade currencies in pairs , where the listed price of a currency pair represents the exchange rate from a given base currency to a specific quote currency . For example, the "EURUSD" pair's price represents the amount of USD (quote currency) that equals one unit of EUR (base currency). Globally, the most traded currencies include the U.S. dollar (USD), Euro (EUR), Japanese yen (JPY), British pound (GBP), and Australian dollar (AUD), with USD involved in over 87% of all trades.
Understanding the Forex market is essential for traders and investors, even those who do not trade currency pairs directly, because exchange rates profoundly affect global markets. For instance, fluctuations in the value of USD can impact the demand for U.S. exports or the earnings of companies that handle multinational transactions, either of which can affect the prices of stocks, indices, and commodities. Additionally, since many factors influence exchange rates, including economic policies and interest rate changes, analyzing the exchange rates across currencies can provide insight into global economic health.
█ FEATURES
Requesting a list of currencies
This indicator requests data for every valid currency pair combination from the list of currencies defined by the "Currency list" input in the "Settings/Inputs" tab. The list can contain up to six unique currency codes separated by commas, resulting in a maximum of 30 requested currency pairs.
For example, if the specified "Currency list" input is "CAD, USD, EUR", the indicator requests and displays relevant data for six currency pair combinations: "CADUSD", "USDCAD", "CADEUR", "EURCAD", "USDEUR", "EURUSD". See the "Grid display" section below to understand how the script organizes the requested information.
Each item in the comma-separated list must represent a valid currency code. If the "Currency list" input contains an invalid currency code, the corresponding cells for that currency in the "Cross rates" or "Heat map" grid show "NaN" values. If the list contains empty items, e.g., "CAD, ,EUR, ", the indicator ignores them in its data requests and calculations.
NOTE: Some uncommon currency pair combinations might not have data feeds available. If no available symbols provide the exchange rates between two specified currencies, the corresponding table cells show "NaN" results.
Realtime data
The indicator retrieves realtime market prices, daily price changes, and minimum tick sizes for all the currency pairs derived from the "Currency list" input. It updates the retrieved information shown in its grid display after new ticks become available to reflect the latest known values.
NOTE: Pine scripts execute on realtime bars only when new ticks are available in the chart's data feed. If no new updates are available from the chart's realtime feed, it may cause a delay in the data the indicator receives.
Grid display
This indicator displays the requested data for each currency pair in a table with cells organized as a grid. Each row name corresponds to a pair's base currency , and each column name corresponds to a quote currency . The cell at the intersection of a specific row and column shows the value requested from the corresponding currency pair.
For example, the cell at the intersection of a "EUR" row and "USD" column shows the data retrieved for the "EURUSD" currency pair, and the cell at the "USD" row and "EUR" column shows data for the inverse pair ("USDEUR").
Note that the main diagonal cells in the table, where rows and columns with the same names intersect, are blank. The exchange rate from one currency to itself is always 1, and no Forex symbols such as "EUREUR" exist.
The dropdown input at the top of the "Settings/Inputs" tab determines the type of information displayed in the table. Two options are available: "Cross rates" and "Heat map" . Both modes color their cells for light and dark themes separately based on the inputs in the "Colors" section.
Cross rates
When a user selects the "Cross rates" display mode, the table's cells show the latest available exchange rate for each currency pair, emulating the behavior of the Cross Rates widget. Each cell's value represents the amount of the quote currency (column name) that equals one unit of the base currency (row name). This display allows users to compare cross rates across currency pairs, and their inverses.
The background color of each cell changes based on the most recent update to the exchange rate, allowing users to monitor the direction of short-term fluctuations as they occur. By default, the background turns green (positive cell color) when the cross rate increases from the last recorded update and red (negative cell color) when the rate decreases. The cell's color reverts to the chart's background color after no new updates are available for 200 milliseconds.
Heat map
When a user selects the "Heat map" display mode, the table's cells show the latest daily percentage change of each currency pair, emulating the behavior of the Heat Map widget.
In this mode, the background color of each cell depends on the corresponding currency pair's daily performance. Heat maps typically use colors that vary in intensity based on the calculated values. This indicator uses the following color coding by default:
• Green (Positive cell color): Percentage change > +0.1%
• No color: Percentage change between 0.0% and +0.1%
• Bright red (Negative cell color): Percentage change < -0.1%
• Lighter/darker red (Minor negative cell color): Percentage change between 0.0% and -0.1%
█ FOR Pine Script™ CODERS
• This script utilizes dynamic requests to iteratively fetch information from multiple contexts using a single request.security() instance in the code. Previously, `request.*()` functions were not allowed within the local scopes of loops or conditional structures, and most `request.*()` function parameters, excluding `expression`, required arguments of a simple or weaker qualified type. The new `dynamic_requests` parameter in script declaration statements enables more flexibility in how scripts can use `request.*()` calls. When its value is `true`, all `request.*()` functions can accept series arguments for the parameters that define their requested contexts, and `request.*()` functions can execute within local scopes. See the Dynamic requests section of the Pine Script™ User Manual to learn more.
• Scripts can execute up to 40 unique `request.*()` function calls. A `request.*()` call is unique only if the script does not already call the same function with the same arguments. See this section of the User Manual's Limitations page for more information.
• Typically, when requesting higher-timeframe data with request.security() using barmerge.lookahead_on as the `lookahead` argument, the `expression` argument should use the history-referencing operator to offset the series, preventing lookahead bias on historical bars. However, the request.security() call in this script uses barmerge.lookahead_on without offsetting the `expression` because the script only displays results for the latest historical bar and all realtime bars, where there is no future information to leak into the past. Instead, using this call on those bars ensures each request fetches the most recent data available from each context.
• The request.security() instance in this script includes a `calc_bars_count` argument to specify that each request retrieves only a minimal number of bars from the end of each symbol's historical data feed. The script does not need to request all the historical data for each symbol because it only shows results on the last chart bar that do not depend on the entire time series. In this case, reducing the retrieved bars in each request helps minimize resource usage without impacting the calculated results.
Look first. Then leap.
Average Yield InversionDescription:
This script calculates and visualizes the average yield curve spread to identify whether the yield curve is inverted or normal. It takes into account short-term yields (1M, 3M, 6M, 2Y) and long-term yields (10Y, 30Y).
Positive values: The curve is normal, indicating long-term yields are higher than short-term yields. This often reflects economic growth expectations.
Negative values: The curve is inverted, meaning short-term yields are higher than long-term yields, a potential signal of economic slowdown or recession.
Key Features:
Calculates the average spread between long-term and short-term yields.
Displays a clear graph with a zero-line reference for quick interpretation.
Useful for tracking macroeconomic trends and potential market turning points.
This tool is perfect for investors, analysts, and economists who need to monitor yield curve dynamics at a glance.
Directional Sentiment IndicatorThe Directional Sentiment Indicator is a versatile tool designed to capture price movements by combining several key technical elements, providing traders with actionable insights in volatile and trending markets. This script intelligently integrates price action analysis with the Average True Range (ATR) for precise target zones and directional signals.
Key Components & Their Roles:
1. Moving Averages and ATR Zones: The script utilizes custom high, low, open, and close averages over the selected period to gauge directional bias. By combining these averages with ATR, we define potential high and low targets dynamically, making it easier to visualize potential reversals.
2. Buy/Sell Signals Based on Price Proximity to Extremes: Using calculated price distances from highest/lowest points, the indicator identifies long and short signals when prices reach statistically significant deviations. This is designed to capture trend reversals or continuations at critical junctures, reducing noise from insignificant movements.
3. Highlighting Price Crossovers and Zones: The script plots boxes when price crosses above or below critical ATR levels, providing clear visual zones where price may experience increased resistance or support. This functionality helps users identify areas where market direction may shift.
4. Dynamic Plotting of Highs/Lows: With options to plot crossover and undershoot signals, traders can visually assess momentum shifts with green and red arrows for bullish and bearish crossovers respectively. This visual overlay enhances the trader’s ability to make quicker decisions.
This unique combination not only marks direction and key reversal areas but also provides context with ATR-based range boxes, making it an essential tool for traders seeking both clarity and precision in market movements.
US Presidents with Market Returns by Party (1910s-Present)Colored background for presidents by party affiliation with table displaying market returns for each US president and sum of total returns by party.
XRP Comparative Price Action Indicator - Final VersionXRP Comparative Price Action Indicator - Final Version
The XRP Comparative Price Action Indicator provides a comprehensive visual analysis of XRP’s price movements relative to key cryptocurrencies and market indices. This indicator normalises price data across various assets, allowing traders and investors to assess XRP’s performance against its peers and major market influences at a glance.
Key Features:
• Normalised Price Data: Prices are scaled between 0.00 and 1.00,
enabling straightforward comparisons between different assets.
• Key Comparisons: Includes normalised prices for:
• XRP/USD (Bitstamp)
• XRP Dominance (CryptoCap)
• XRP/BTC (Bitstamp)
• BTC/USD (Bitstamp)
• BTC Dominance (CryptoCap)
• USDT Dominance (CryptoCap)
• S&P 500 (SPY)
• DXY (Dollar Index)
• ETH/USD (Bitstamp)
• ETH Dominance (CryptoCap)
• XRP/ETH (Binance)
• Visual Clarity: Each asset is plotted with distinct colors for easy identification,
with thicker lines enhancing visibility on the chart.
• Reference Lines: Optional horizontal lines indicate the minimum (0) and maximum (1) normalised values, providing clear reference points for analysis.
This indicator is ideal for traders looking to understand XRP’s relative performance, gauge market sentiment, and make informed trading decisions based on comparative price action.
Range Detect SystemTechnical analysis indicator designed to identify potential significant price ranges and the distribution of volume within those ranges. The system helps traders calculate POC and show volume history. Also detecting breakouts or potential reversals. System identifies ranges with a high probability of price consolidation and helps screen out extreme price moves or ranges that do not meet certain volatility thresholds.
⭕️ Key Features
Range Detection — identifies price ranges where consolidation is occurring.
Volume Profile Calculation — indicator calculates the Point of Control (POC) based on volume distribution within the identified range, enhancing the analysis of market structure.
Volume History — shows where the largest volume was traded from the center of the range. If the volume is greater in the upper part of the range, the color will be green. If the volume is greater in the lower part, the color will be red.
Range Filtering — Includes multi-level filtering options to avoid ranges that are too volatile or outside normal ranges.
Visual Customization — Shows graphical indicators for potential bullish or bearish crossovers at the upper and lower range boundaries. Users can choose the style and color of the lines, making it easier to visualize ranges and important levels on the chart.
Alerts — system will notify you when a range has been created and also when the price leaves the range.
⭕️ How it works
Extremes (Pivot Points) are taken as a basis, after confirming the relevance of the extremes we take the upper and lower extremes and form a range. We check if it does not violate a number of rules and filters, perform volume calculations, and only then is the range displayed.
Pivot points is a built-in feature that shows an extremum if it has not been updated N bars to the left and N bars to the right. Therefore, there is a delay depending on the bars specified to check, which allows for a more accurate range. This approach allows not to make unnecessary recalculations, which completely eliminates the possibility of redrawing or range changes.
⭕️ Settings
Left Bars and Right Bars — Allows you to define the point that is the highest among the specified number of bars to the left and right of this point.
Range Logic — Select from which point to draw the range. Maximums only, Minimums only or both.
Use Wick — Option to consider the wick of the candles when identifying Range.
Breakout Confirmation — The number of bars required to confirm a breakout, after which the range will close.
Minimum Range Length — Sets the minimum number of candles needed for a range to be considered valid.
Row Size — Number of levels to calculate POC. *Larger values increase the script load.
% Range Filter — Dont Show Range is than more N% of Average Range.
Multi Filter — Allows use of Bollinger Bands, ATR, SMA, or Highest-Lowest range channels for filtering ranges based on volatility.
Range Hit — Shows graphical labels when price hits the upper or lower boundaries of the range, signaling potential reversal or breakout points.
Range Start — Show points where Range was created.
GEX Profile [PRO] Real Auto-Updated Gamma Exposure Levels𝗥𝗲𝗮𝗹 𝗚𝗘𝗫 𝗟𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗦𝗲𝗮𝗺𝗹𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝗔𝘂𝘁𝗼-𝗨𝗽𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟲𝟱+ 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝗟𝗶𝗾𝘂𝗶𝗱 𝗨.𝗦. 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗸𝗲𝘁 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗯𝗼𝗹𝘀 (including 𝟬𝗗𝗧𝗘 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗦𝗣𝗫, SPY, QQQ, TLT, IWM, etc...)
🔃 Dynamic Updates : Receive precise GEX levels with auto-updating metrics up to 5 times a day throughout the trading session—no manual refresh needed!
🍒 Strategically Developed : Built by experienced options traders to meet the needs of serious options market participants.
🕒 0DTE? No Problem! : Designed with 0DTE traders in mind, our indicator keeps you updated with GEX levels and seamless auto-refresh to capture every crucial market shift.
📈 Optimized for Option Traders : See accurate GEX and NETGEX profiles for multiple expirations to maximize strategic potential.
🔶 Comprehensive GEX Levels
This indicator provides unparalleled insight into market dynamics with levels like Call/Put Support, Resistance, HVL (High Volatility Level), and Call/Put Walls. These levels are auto-updated based on live market movements and reflect gamma shifts and volatility signals essential for options traders.
🔶 Ideal for 0DTE and Multi-Leg Strategies
Track essential GEX levels across expirations with our unique Cumulative (⅀) and Selected Alone (⊙) calculation models. Customize your view to reveal high-impact levels across multiple expirations or focus on a specific expiration for a targeted strategy.
🔶 Coverage of 165+ Highly Liquid U.S. Symbols
Compatible with over 165 U.S. market symbols, including SP:SPX , AMEX:SPY , NASDAQ:QQQ , NASDAQ:TLT , AMEX:GLD , NASDAQ:NVDA , and more. The watchlist is expanding continuously to meet the needs of active traders. List of Compatible Symbols Available Here: www.tradingview.com
🔶How does the indicator work and why is it unique?
This is not just another GEX indicator. It incorporates 15min delayed option chain data from ORATS as data provider, processes and refines the delayed data package using pineseed, and sends it to TradingView, visualizing the key GEX levels using specific formulas (see detailed below). This method of incorporating options data into a visualization framework is unique and entirely innovative on TradingView.
Unlike other providers that only set GEX levels at market open, this indicator adjusts dynamically throughout the day, providing updated insights across the trading day and capturing gamma shifts as the market moves.
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🌑 𝗗 𝗢 𝗖 𝗨 𝗠 𝗘 𝗡 𝗧 𝗔 𝗧 𝗜 𝗢 𝗡 🌑
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🔶 Understanding GEX (Gamma Exposure) and Gamma Profiling
Gamma Exposure (GEX) is a crucial concept in options trading because it reveals how options market positions can influence the dynamics of asset prices. In essence, GEX measures the collective gamma exposure of options market participants, impacting overall market stability and price movements.
🔹 What is GEX?
At its core, GEX captures the aggregate impact of gamma, a key options Greek, which tells us how an option's delta changes in response to price movements in the underlying asset. Positive or negative GEX levels can reflect the collective bullish or bearish stance of the market:
Positive GEX (far above HVL) : Indicates a net bullish positioning by options holders. When GEX is strongly positive, it suggests that as the asset price increases, market participants might need to buy more of the asset to maintain their hedges. This behavior can fuel further upward momentum.
Negative GEX (far below HVL) : Implies a net bearish positioning. In a strongly negative GEX environment, declines in the asset's price might prompt participants to sell, potentially exacerbating the downward movement.
🔹 The Influence of GEX on Strike Prices and Expiration
A unique feature of GEX is its impact near expiration dates. As options approach expiration, GEX levels can “pin” the price to specific strike levels, where options positions are concentrated. This pinning effect arises as market makers adjust their hedging strategies, often causing the asset price to gravitate towards certain strike prices, where a large volume of options contracts sits.
🟨 Overview of our GEX Calculation Models for Options Traders 🟨
Our GEX indicator models were developed with serious options traders in mind, providing flexibility beyond typical GEX providers. We know that using GEX levels for multi-leg strategies, where the underlying doesn't need a strong trend to be profitable , calls for a nuanced approach that aligns with different trading horizons. Here’s a detailed breakdown of our GEX calculation models and how they support strategic trading across varying timeframes.
Thus, the HVL an orher CALL/PUT WALLS depends on the indicator's selected calculation mode and expiration. The NETGEX profile of the chosen expiration appears on the HVL line , which automatically updates five times during trading hours , except for 0DTE, which reflects the value set at market open.
🔶 Cumulative Expiration (⅀) Calculation Method
This method aggregates GEX data for all expirations up to the selected date , giving you a more comprehensive view of market dynamics. We recommend using this method, as it allows you to see how combined expirations impact GEX levels, which can be critical when setting up trades with a longer time horizon.
🔶 Selected Alone (⊙) Calculation Method
This option displays the GEX profile specific to only the chosen expiration , providing a unique, time-bound view. This approach is ideal for those seeking precise insight into how an individual expiration is performing without the broader context of other expirations.
🔶 Example of using calculation methods:
With options trading, especially for multi-leg strategies, choosing the right expiration and calculation model is crucial. Let’s break down an example:
Suppose you’re considering a Friday (4DTE) front-leg diagonal on the SPX at the start of the week. In this case, the focus isn’t strictly on any single expiration (like 0DTE or 4DTE individually), but rather on what might happen cumulatively by Friday across all expirations . Here, the Cumulative Expiration (⅀) model comes into play, as it shows you an aggregated view of the GEX profile, factoring in all strikes and legs for all expirations leading up to the selected date.
For most use cases, we recommend setting your indicator to the Cumulative (⅀) model , which provides a broad and insightful look at GEX levels across multiple expirations. However, you can always switch to Selected Alone (⊙) for targeted analysis of an individual expiration. Remember, 0DTE defaults to “Selected Alone”, and Every Expiry always shows a cumulative value by default.
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🟦 HVL (High Volatility Level) 🟦
Also known as the Gamma FLIP level or Zero Gamma , it represents the price level at which the gamma environment transitions from positive to negative or vice versa. The High Volatility Level (HVL) is a critical point for understanding gamma shifts and anticipating volatility. This shift influences how market makers hedge their positions, potentially increasing or dampening market volatility.
🔷 Understanding the Gamma Flip and HVL
At its core, the gamma flip represents the point where market makers may transition from a net positive to a net negative gamma position, or the reverse. When prices move above HVL, gamma is positive, often leading to lower volatility due to the stabilizing effects of market makers’ hedging. Conversely, when prices drop below HVL, gamma flips negative, and hedging by market makers can amplify volatility as they trade with the direction of price movements.
The HVL (High Volatility Level) is particularly important as it signals a shift in the impact of price movements on the GEX profile. Using the cumulative calculation mode, GEX values are aggregated across all strikes and expirations up to the selected expiration, helping to pinpoint the point where the GEX curve's slope changes from negative to positive.
🔷 Implications for Traders and Market Makers
For market makers, crossing below HVL into a negative gamma zone means that they hedge in the same direction as price movements, potentially amplifying volatility. For traders, understanding HVL's role is essential to choosing strategies that align with the prevailing volatility regime:
Positive GEX 🟢:
Above HVL, where GEX is positive, market makers hedge by buying stocks as prices fall and selling as prices rise. This has a stabilizing effect, creating a lower-volatility environment.
Negative GEX 🔴:
Below HVL, where GEX is negative, market makers' hedging aligns with price movements, increasing volatility. Here, they buy as prices rise and sell as they fall, reinforcing price direction.
🔷 HVL as a Momentum and Volatility Indicator
The HVL offers traders insight into potential shifts in market momentum. For example, above HVL, if the price increases, Net GEX also rises, which stabilizes prices as market makers hedge in opposition to price direction. Below HVL, however, a price rise decreases Net GEX, creating conditions where market makers’ hedging amplifies price movements, resulting in a more volatile environment.
HVL also acts as a significant support level, often preceding put supports. If the price falls below this level, traders may expect heightened volatility and increased bearish sentiment.
Knowing the location of HVL is vital for positioning yourself on the right side of volatility. By monitoring the HVL, traders can better anticipate shifts in sentiment and align strategies with prevailing market dynamics.
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🟩 Call Resistance and Call Wall Levels 🟩
In options trading, understanding GEX levels like Call Resistance and Call Wall levels is crucial for navigating potential price inflection points. Our indicator provides these levels directly on your chart, allowing you to customize and optimize your trading approach. Here’s a detailed guide to help you understand and use Call Resistance and additional Call Wall levels effectively.
🟢 Call Resistance Level
The Call Resistance Level is a key point where our model indicates heightened Call GEX concentration. This level serves as a potential resistance area where price movement may face a barrier, slowing or even reversing before a breakout. Here’s how the Call Resistance Level can influence market behavior:
Resistance and Price Reversal ⬇️ : Similar to the Put Support level, the Call Resistance acts as a "sticky" price level, where upward movement encounters resistance. When the price approaches this level, it’s common for market makers to begin shorting to maintain delta neutrality. This shorting activity, combined with the potential monetization of calls, introduces a technical bearish force in the short term, often causing the price to bounce downward.
Upside Acceleration Point ⬆️ : If investors reposition calls to higher strikes as the price reaches Call Resistance, this level can roll up, allowing the price to push upward and potentially accelerating the rally. This effect can drive the market to higher levels as market makers adjust their positions accordingly.
🟢 Additional Call Wall Levels
Our model identifies the second and third-highest Call GEX levels, known as additional Call Walls. These levels are often secondary resistance points but hold significance as they add layers of possible resistance or breakout points. They offer similar potential as the primary Call Resistance level, acting as either:
Resistance Zones: Slowing the price momentum as it approaches these levels.
Inflection Points for Upside Momentum: Allowing for a possible continuation of upward movement if prices break through.
🟢 How to Trade the Call Resistance Level
To use the Call Resistance level effectively, look for possible price rejections or consolidations as the price approaches this zone. Here are the main scenarios:
Bounce to Downside: As the price nears the Call Resistance level, market makers’ delta-hedging activity (through shorting) can turn this level into a short-term bearish force, leading to price pullbacks.
Rolling the Position: For bulls, a key objective at the Call Resistance level is to see investors roll their call positions higher, effectively moving the resistance up. This repositioning may lead to incremental price gains as the Call Resistance level rises with each roll.
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🟥 Put Support and Put Wall Levels 🟥
In options trading, understanding GEX levels like Put Support and secondary Put Wall levels is essential for managing potential price support points and gauging downside risk. Our indicator places these levels directly on your chart, allowing for customization to enhance your trading strategy. Here’s a detailed guide to help you leverage the Put Support and additional Put Wall levels effectively.
🔴 Put Support Level
The Put Support Level is a key zone where our model shows the highest concentration of negative GEX, representing an area with substantial put option interest. This level functions as a potential support zone, where price may stabilize or bounce upward, or as an inflection point, signaling increased downside momentum. Here’s how the Put Support Level can affect market behavior:
Support and Price Reversal🔺 : Similar to how Call Resistance operates on the upside, the Put Support Level often acts as a "sticky" level on the downside, where price finds support. As the asset price moves closer to this level, market makers begin adjusting their positions, frequently buying to maintain delta neutrality. This activity can create a temporary short squeeze, pushing prices back up.
Downside Acceleration Point 🔻 : If the asset continues moving lower, triggering more hedging activity, this level can become a tipping point for accelerated downside momentum.
🔴 Additional Put Wall Levels
Our model also identifies the second and third-highest negative GEX levels, known as secondary Put Walls. These levels are often seen as secondary support points and hold significance by adding layers of support or potential downside inflection points. Like the primary Put Support Level, they can act in two ways:
Support Zones: Helping slow price declines as they approach these levels.
Downside Inflection Points: Allowing further price decline if the support fails.
🔴 How Investors Hedge with Put Options
Investors commonly use put options to hedge long positions and protect portfolios, especially during times of market stress when implied volatility rises. This demand for puts increases the Put Skew, as market makers short to remain delta hedged.
As prices approach the Put Support Level, the hedging activity often intensifies because more puts become At the Money (ATM) or In the Money (ITM). To realize the value of their hedges, investors typically monetize these puts at this level, triggering the closing of short positions by market makers and resulting in a price bounce.
🔴 The Role of Implied Volatility
Implied Volatility (IV) is also a critical factor since it directly influences market flows. If IV driving put flows decreases, market makers may buy back shorts, which contributes to the bounce at the Put Support Level. Additionally, another Greek, Vanna—representing changes in delta due to IV shifts—plays a vital role here. As IV changes, Vanna affects delta-hedging adjustments, adding a layer of complexity to understanding market makers' actions around these support levels.
🔴 Possible Price Scenarios at the Put Support Level
When the price reaches the Put Support Level, there are generally two scenarios:
Bounce to Upside🔺 : The Put Support Level is where substantial put hedging activity happens. As prices approach, market makers adjust their delta by buying, which can push prices back up.
Roll Positions🔻 : After monetizing puts, investors have two options: roll hedges to higher strikes if they expect a bullish move, or open new out-of-the-money puts at lower strikes. If new hedges are set at lower levels, the Put Support level may also shift lower, creating a new bearish force as market makers begin hedging these new positions.
🟨 Customizing Put Support/Call Resistance and Put/Call Wall Levels on Your Chart
Our indicator settings provide extensive customization options for displaying Put Support, Call Resistance, and Put/Call Wall levels.
You can:
adjust the depth to highlight the highest positive or negative NETGEX levels
choose to display relative data, show only the colored strike line
adjust the offset for enhanced visibility.
This flexibility helps you focus on the critical details that best align with your trading strategy, ensuring a clearer and more tailored view of the GEX levels on your chart.
Currently, we examine the top three levels with the highest positive and negative NETGEX values, allowing you to view seven key GEX levels on your chart (3 Call + 1 HVL + 3 Put). However, in the near future, we plan to expand this to seven levels per side, resulting in a total of up to 15 significant GEX levels on the chart instead of the current 7. This enhancement will cater to all needs, especially benefiting 0DTE traders.
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🔶 ADDITIONAL IMPORTANT COMMENTS
🔹- Why is there a slight difference between the displayed data and other GEX provider's data like MenthorQ, GammaEdge, SpotGamma, GEXBot, etc?
There are two reasons for this, and one is beyond our control:
🔹 (1) Option-data update frequency:
According to TradingView's regulations and guidelines, we can update external data a maximum of 5 times per day. We strive to use these updates in the most optimal way:
(1st update) 15 minutes after U.S. market open
(2nd, 3rd, 4th updates) 1.5–3 hours during U.S. market open hours
(5th update) 10 minutes before U.S. market close.
You don’t need to refresh your window; our latest refreshed data pack is always automatically applied to your indicator. You can see the time elapsed since the last update by hovering over the HVL.
🔹 (2) GEX Levels with Intraday Updates Based on Price Movements
The TanukiTrade Options GEX Indicator for TradingView provides open interest data with a 15-minute delay after the market opens. Using this data, we calculate and update the relevant levels throughout the trading day, reflecting almost real-time price changes and gamma values. Unlike other GEX providers, who set their GEX levels solely at market open without further updates, we dynamically adjust our levels intraday to capture significant price shifts.
🔹 Automatic & Seamless Intraday Updates and Special Cases
For our indicator, the HVL (High Volatility Level) reflects the selected calculation mode and expiration. We update these NETGEX profiles five times throughout the trading day, with one exception: 0DTE data, which is set at market open and does not update intraday due to the rapid narrowing of gamma levels . Note that similar to other GEX providers, our 0DTE remains fixed at open, while cumulative values update during the day based on almost real-time market movements.
🔹Consistent SPX 0DTE GEX Levels with Morning Open Interest Updates Only
For SPX, the 0DTE (Zero Days to Expiration) options and GEX levels are calculated based on openinterest data provided by the clearinghouse at market open. Due to the exponential narrowing of gamma levels throughout the day, we do not update these levels intraday, unlike other expirations. Therefore, if you select the expiring contract on that day, you’ll see the exact morning level, as it was calculated at market open. This status is also published the previous evening, based on the data available then, so you can already view the levels for the following day’s 1DTE (next day’s 0DTE) before market close. After market open, around 15 minutes later, this level is updated with the latest open interest data and remains unchanged for the rest of the day. Other providers take a similar approach. We do not support intraday volume-based GEX calculations, as our benchmarks show this can produce misleading results.
Disclaimer:
Our option indicator uses approximately 15min-3 hour delayed option market snapshot data to calculate the main option metrics. Exact realtime option contract prices are never displayed; only derived GEX metrics are shown to ensure accurate and consistent visualization. Due to the above, this indicator can only be used for decision support; exclusive decisions cannot be made based on this indicator. We reserve the right to make errors.This indicator is designed for options traders who understand what they are doing. It assumes that they are familiar with options and can make well-informed, independent decisions. We work with paid delayed data and we are not a data provider; therefore, we do not bear any financial or other liability.
GEX Profile [Lite] Real Auto-Updated Gamma Exposure LevelsReal GEX Levels with Seamless Auto-updates for 5 U.S. market symbols (AAPL, TSLA, ORCL, DIA, AMZN)
🔃 Dynamic Updates : Receive precise GEX levels with auto-updating metrics up to 5 times a day throughout the trading session—no manual refresh needed!
🍒 Strategically Developed : Built by experienced options traders to meet the needs of serious options market participants.
🕒 0DTE? No Problem! : Designed with 0DTE traders in mind, our indicator keeps you updated with GEX levels and seamless auto-refresh to capture every crucial market shift.
📈 Optimized for Option Traders : See accurate NETGEX profile for multiple expirations to maximize strategic potential.
🔶 Comprehensive GEX Levels
This indicator provides unparalleled insight into market dynamics with levels like Call/Put Support, Resistance, HVL (High Volatility Level), and Call/Put Walls. These levels are auto-updated based on live market movements and reflect gamma shifts and volatility signals essential for options traders.
🔶 Ticker Information:
This 'Lite' indicator is currently only available for 5 liquid U.S. market smbols:
NASDAQ:TSLA NASDAQ:AAPL NASDAQ:AMZN AMEX:DIA and NYSE:ORCL
🔶 Ideal for 0DTE and Multi-Leg Strategies
Track essential GEX levels across expirations with our unique Cumulative (⅀) and Selected Alone (⊙) calculation models. Customize your view to reveal high-impact levels across multiple expirations or focus on a specific expiration for a targeted strategy.
🔶How does the indicator work and why is it unique?
This is not just another GEX indicator. It incorporates 15min delayed option chain data from ORATS as data provider, processes and refines the delayed data package using pineseed, and sends it to TradingView, visualizing the key GEX levels using specific formulas (see detailed below). This method of incorporating options data into a visualization framework is unique and entirely innovative on TradingView.
Unlike other providers that only set GEX levels at market open, this indicator adjusts dynamically throughout the day, providing updated insights across the trading day and capturing gamma shifts as the market moves.
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🌑 𝗗 𝗢 𝗖 𝗨 𝗠 𝗘 𝗡 𝗧 𝗔 𝗧 𝗜 𝗢 𝗡 🌑
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🔶 Understanding GEX (Gamma Exposure) and Gamma Profiling
Gamma Exposure (GEX) is a crucial concept in options trading because it reveals how options market positions can influence the dynamics of asset prices. In essence, GEX measures the collective gamma exposure of options market participants, impacting overall market stability and price movements.
🔹 What is GEX?
At its core, GEX captures the aggregate impact of gamma, a key options Greek, which tells us how an option's delta changes in response to price movements in the underlying asset. Positive or negative GEX levels can reflect the collective bullish or bearish stance of the market:
Positive GEX (far above HVL) : Indicates a net bullish positioning by options holders. When GEX is strongly positive, it suggests that as the asset price increases, market participants might need to buy more of the asset to maintain their hedges. This behavior can fuel further upward momentum.
Negative GEX (far below HVL) : Implies a net bearish positioning. In a strongly negative GEX environment, declines in the asset's price might prompt participants to sell, potentially exacerbating the downward movement.
🔹 The Influence of GEX on Strike Prices and Expiration
A unique feature of GEX is its impact near expiration dates. As options approach expiration, GEX levels can “pin” the price to specific strike levels, where options positions are concentrated. This pinning effect arises as market makers adjust their hedging strategies, often causing the asset price to gravitate towards certain strike prices, where a large volume of options contracts sits.
🟨 Overview of our GEX Calculation Models for Options Traders 🟨
Our GEX indicator models were developed with serious options traders in mind, providing flexibility beyond typical GEX providers. We know that using GEX levels for multi-leg strategies, where the underlying doesn't need a strong trend to be profitable , calls for a nuanced approach that aligns with different trading horizons. Here’s a detailed breakdown of our GEX calculation models and how they support strategic trading across varying timeframes.
Thus, the HVL an orher CALL/PUT WALLS depends on the indicator's selected calculation mode and expiration. The NETGEX profile of the chosen expiration appears on the HVL line , which automatically updates five times during trading hours , except for 0DTE, which reflects the value set at market open.
🔶 Cumulative Expiration (⅀) Calculation Method
This method aggregates GEX data for all expirations up to the selected date , giving you a more comprehensive view of market dynamics. We recommend using this method, as it allows you to see how combined expirations impact GEX levels, which can be critical when setting up trades with a longer time horizon.
🔶 Selected Alone (⊙) Calculation Method
This option displays the GEX profile specific to only the chosen expiration , providing a unique, time-bound view. This approach is ideal for those seeking precise insight into how an individual expiration is performing without the broader context of other expirations.
🔶 Example of using calculation methods:
With options trading, especially for multi-leg strategies, choosing the right expiration and calculation model is crucial. Let’s break down an example:
Suppose you’re considering a Friday (4DTE) front-leg diagonal on the SPX at the start of the week. In this case, the focus isn’t strictly on any single expiration (like 0DTE or 4DTE individually), but rather on what might happen cumulatively by Friday across all expirations . Here, the Cumulative Expiration (⅀) model comes into play, as it shows you an aggregated view of the GEX profile, factoring in all strikes and legs for all expirations leading up to the selected date.
For most use cases, we recommend setting your indicator to the Cumulative (⅀) model , which provides a broad and insightful look at GEX levels across multiple expirations. However, you can always switch to Selected Alone (⊙) for targeted analysis of an individual expiration. Remember, 0DTE defaults to “Selected Alone”, and Every Expiry always shows a cumulative value by default.
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🟦 HVL (High Volatility Level) 🟦
Also known as the Gamma FLIP level or Zero Gamma , it represents the price level at which the gamma environment transitions from positive to negative or vice versa. The High Volatility Level (HVL) is a critical point for understanding gamma shifts and anticipating volatility. This shift influences how market makers hedge their positions, potentially increasing or dampening market volatility.
🔷 Understanding the Gamma Flip and HVL
At its core, the gamma flip represents the point where market makers may transition from a net positive to a net negative gamma position, or the reverse. When prices move above HVL, gamma is positive, often leading to lower volatility due to the stabilizing effects of market makers’ hedging. Conversely, when prices drop below HVL, gamma flips negative, and hedging by market makers can amplify volatility as they trade with the direction of price movements.
The HVL (High Volatility Level) is particularly important as it signals a shift in the impact of price movements on the GEX profile. Using the cumulative calculation mode, GEX values are aggregated across all strikes and expirations up to the selected expiration, helping to pinpoint the point where the GEX curve's slope changes from negative to positive.
🔷 Implications for Traders and Market Makers
For market makers, crossing below HVL into a negative gamma zone means that they hedge in the same direction as price movements, potentially amplifying volatility. For traders, understanding HVL's role is essential to choosing strategies that align with the prevailing volatility regime:
Positive GEX 🟢:
Above HVL, where GEX is positive, market makers hedge by buying stocks as prices fall and selling as prices rise. This has a stabilizing effect, creating a lower-volatility environment.
Negative GEX 🔴:
Below HVL, where GEX is negative, market makers' hedging aligns with price movements, increasing volatility. Here, they buy as prices rise and sell as they fall, reinforcing price direction.
🔷 HVL as a Momentum and Volatility Indicator
The HVL offers traders insight into potential shifts in market momentum. For example, above HVL, if the price increases, Net GEX also rises, which stabilizes prices as market makers hedge in opposition to price direction. Below HVL, however, a price rise decreases Net GEX, creating conditions where market makers’ hedging amplifies price movements, resulting in a more volatile environment.
HVL also acts as a significant support level, often preceding put supports. If the price falls below this level, traders may expect heightened volatility and increased bearish sentiment.
Knowing the location of HVL is vital for positioning yourself on the right side of volatility. By monitoring the HVL, traders can better anticipate shifts in sentiment and align strategies with prevailing market dynamics.
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🟩 Call Resistance and Call Wall Levels 🟩
In options trading, understanding GEX levels like Call Resistance and Call Wall levels is crucial for navigating potential price inflection points. Our indicator provides these levels directly on your chart, allowing you to customize and optimize your trading approach. Here’s a detailed guide to help you understand and use Call Resistance and additional Call Wall levels effectively.
🟢 Call Resistance Level
The Call Resistance Level is a key point where our model indicates heightened Call GEX concentration. This level serves as a potential resistance area where price movement may face a barrier, slowing or even reversing before a breakout. Here’s how the Call Resistance Level can influence market behavior:
Resistance and Price Reversal ⬇️ : Similar to the Put Support level, the Call Resistance acts as a "sticky" price level, where upward movement encounters resistance. When the price approaches this level, it’s common for market makers to begin shorting to maintain delta neutrality. This shorting activity, combined with the potential monetization of calls, introduces a technical bearish force in the short term, often causing the price to bounce downward.
Upside Acceleration Point ⬆️ : If investors reposition calls to higher strikes as the price reaches Call Resistance, this level can roll up, allowing the price to push upward and potentially accelerating the rally. This effect can drive the market to higher levels as market makers adjust their positions accordingly.
🟢 Additional Call Wall Levels
Our model identifies the second and third-highest Call GEX levels, known as additional Call Walls. These levels are often secondary resistance points but hold significance as they add layers of possible resistance or breakout points. They offer similar potential as the primary Call Resistance level, acting as either:
Resistance Zones: Slowing the price momentum as it approaches these levels.
Inflection Points for Upside Momentum: Allowing for a possible continuation of upward movement if prices break through.
🟢 How to Trade the Call Resistance Level
To use the Call Resistance level effectively, look for possible price rejections or consolidations as the price approaches this zone. Here are the main scenarios:
Bounce to Downside: As the price nears the Call Resistance level, market makers’ delta-hedging activity (through shorting) can turn this level into a short-term bearish force, leading to price pullbacks.
Rolling the Position: For bulls, a key objective at the Call Resistance level is to see investors roll their call positions higher, effectively moving the resistance up. This repositioning may lead to incremental price gains as the Call Resistance level rises with each roll.
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🟥 Put Support and Put Wall Levels 🟥
In options trading, understanding GEX levels like Put Support and secondary Put Wall levels is essential for managing potential price support points and gauging downside risk. Our indicator places these levels directly on your chart, allowing for customization to enhance your trading strategy. Here’s a detailed guide to help you leverage the Put Support and additional Put Wall levels effectively.
🔴 Put Support Level
The Put Support Level is a key zone where our model shows the highest concentration of negative GEX, representing an area with substantial put option interest. This level functions as a potential support zone, where price may stabilize or bounce upward, or as an inflection point, signaling increased downside momentum. Here’s how the Put Support Level can affect market behavior:
Support and Price Reversal🔺 : Similar to how Call Resistance operates on the upside, the Put Support Level often acts as a "sticky" level on the downside, where price finds support. As the asset price moves closer to this level, market makers begin adjusting their positions, frequently buying to maintain delta neutrality. This activity can create a temporary short squeeze, pushing prices back up.
Downside Acceleration Point 🔻 : If the asset continues moving lower, triggering more hedging activity, this level can become a tipping point for accelerated downside momentum.
🔴 Additional Put Wall Levels
Our model also identifies the second and third-highest negative GEX levels, known as secondary Put Walls. These levels are often seen as secondary support points and hold significance by adding layers of support or potential downside inflection points. Like the primary Put Support Level, they can act in two ways:
Support Zones: Helping slow price declines as they approach these levels.
Downside Inflection Points: Allowing further price decline if the support fails.
🔴 How Investors Hedge with Put Options
Investors commonly use put options to hedge long positions and protect portfolios, especially during times of market stress when implied volatility rises. This demand for puts increases the Put Skew, as market makers short to remain delta hedged.
As prices approach the Put Support Level, the hedging activity often intensifies because more puts become At the Money (ATM) or In the Money (ITM). To realize the value of their hedges, investors typically monetize these puts at this level, triggering the closing of short positions by market makers and resulting in a price bounce.
🔴 The Role of Implied Volatility
Implied Volatility (IV) is also a critical factor since it directly influences market flows. If IV driving put flows decreases, market makers may buy back shorts, which contributes to the bounce at the Put Support Level. Additionally, another Greek, Vanna—representing changes in delta due to IV shifts—plays a vital role here. As IV changes, Vanna affects delta-hedging adjustments, adding a layer of complexity to understanding market makers' actions around these support levels.
🔴 Possible Price Scenarios at the Put Support Level
When the price reaches the Put Support Level, there are generally two scenarios:
Bounce to Upside🔺 : The Put Support Level is where substantial put hedging activity happens. As prices approach, market makers adjust their delta by buying, which can push prices back up.
Roll Positions🔻 : After monetizing puts, investors have two options: roll hedges to higher strikes if they expect a bullish move, or open new out-of-the-money puts at lower strikes. If new hedges are set at lower levels, the Put Support level may also shift lower, creating a new bearish force as market makers begin hedging these new positions.
🟨 Customizing Put Support/Call Resistance and Put/Call Wall Levels on Your Chart
Our indicator settings provide extensive customization options for displaying Put Support, Call Resistance, and Put/Call Wall levels.
You can:
adjust the depth to highlight the highest positive or negative NETGEX levels
choose to display relative data, show only the colored strike line
adjust the offset for enhanced visibility.
This flexibility helps you focus on the critical details that best align with your trading strategy, ensuring a clearer and more tailored view of the GEX levels on your chart.
Currently, we examine the top three levels with the highest positive and negative NETGEX values, allowing you to view seven key GEX levels on your chart (3 Call + 1 HVL + 3 Put). However, in the near future, we plan to expand this to seven levels per side, resulting in a total of up to 15 significant GEX levels on the chart instead of the current 7. This enhancement will cater to all needs, especially benefiting 0DTE traders.
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🔶 ADDITIONAL IMPORTANT COMMENTS
🔹- Why is there a slight difference between the displayed data and other GEX provider's data like MenthorQ, GammaEdge, SpotGamma, GEXBot, etc?
There are two reasons for this, and one is beyond our control:
🔹 (1) Option-data update frequency:
According to TradingView's regulations and guidelines, we can update external data a maximum of 5 times per day. We strive to use these updates in the most optimal way:
(1st update) 15 minutes after U.S. market open
(2nd, 3rd, 4th updates) 1.5–3 hours during U.S. market open hours
(5th update) 10 minutes before U.S. market close.
You don’t need to refresh your window; our latest refreshed data pack is always automatically applied to your indicator. You can see the time elapsed since the last update by hovering over the HVL.
🔹 (2) GEX Levels with Intraday Updates Based on Price Movements
The TanukiTrade Options GEX Indicator for TradingView provides open interest data with a 15-minute delay after the market opens. Using this data, we calculate and update the relevant levels throughout the trading day, reflecting almost real-time price changes and gamma values. Unlike other GEX providers, who set their GEX levels solely at market open without further updates, we dynamically adjust our levels intraday to capture significant price shifts.
🔹 Automatic & Seamless Intraday Updates and Special Cases
For our indicator, the HVL (High Volatility Level) reflects the selected calculation mode and expiration. We update these NETGEX profiles five times throughout the trading day, with one exception: 0DTE data, which is set at market open and does not update intraday due to the rapid narrowing of gamma levels . Note that similar to other GEX providers, our 0DTE remains fixed at open, while cumulative values update during the day based on almost real-time market movements.
Disclaimer:
Our option indicator uses approximately 15min-3 hour delayed option market snapshot data to calculate the main option metrics. Exact realtime option contract prices are never displayed; only derived GEX metrics are shown to ensure accurate and consistent visualization. Due to the above, this indicator can only be used for decision support; exclusive decisions cannot be made based on this indicator. We reserve the right to make errors.This indicator is designed for options traders who understand what they are doing. It assumes that they are familiar with options and can make well-informed, independent decisions. We work with paid delayed data and we are not a data provider; therefore, we do not bear any financial or other liability.
Volume StatsDescription:
Volume Stats displays volume data and statistics for every day of the year, and is designed to work on "1D" timeframe. The data is displayed in a table with columns being months of the year, and rows being days of each month. By default, latest data is displayed, but you have an option to switch to data of the previous year as well.
The statistics displayed for each day is:
- volume
- % of total yearly volume
- % of total monthly volume
The statistics displayed for each column (month) is:
- monthly volume
- % of total yearly volume
- sentiment (was there more bullish or bearish volume?)
- min volume (on which day of the month was the min volume)
- max volume (on which day of the month was the max volume)
The cells change their colors depending on whether the volume is bullish or bearish, and what % of total volume the current cell has (either yearly or monthly). The header cells also change their color (based either on sentiment or what % of yearly volume the current month has).
This is the first (and free) version of the indicator, and I'm planning to create a "PRO" version of this indicator in future.
Parameters:
- Timezone
- Cell data -> which data to display in the cells (no data, volume or percentage)
- Highlight min and max volume -> if checked, cells with min and max volume (either monthly or yearly) will be highlighted with a dot or letter (depending on the "Cell data" input)
- Cell stats mode -> which data to use for color and % calculation (All data = yearly, Column = monthly)
- Display data from previous year -> if checked, the data from previous year will be used
- Header color is calculated from -> either sentiment or % of the yearly volume
- Reverse theme -> the table colors are automatically changed based on the "Dark mode" of Tradingview, this checkbox reverses the logic (so that darker colors will be used when "Dark mode" is off, and lighter colors when it's on)
- Hide logo -> hides the cat logo (PLEASE DO NOT HIDE THE CAT)
Conclusion:
Let me know what you think of the indicator. As I said, I'm planning to make a PRO version with more features, for which I already have some ideas, but if you have any suggestions, please let me know.
Multi-Currency Economic IndicatorCreating a Multi-Currency Economic Indicator that incorporates data for USD, JPY, AUD, GBP, CHF, NZD, and CAD will provide valuable insights into the economic health of these currencies. By plotting key economic indicators such as interest rates and allowing for customization, users can effectively analyze and make informed decisions.
If you have any further modifications or specific features you would like to add, feel free to let me know!
Trend Levels [ChartPrime]The Trend Levels indicator is designed to identify key trend levels (High, Mid, and Low) during market trends, based on real-time calculations of highest, lowest, and mid-level values over a customizable length. Additionally, the indicator calculates trend strength by measuring the ratio of candles closing above or below the midline, providing a clear view of the ongoing trend dynamics and strength.
⯁ KEY FEATURES AND HOW TO USE
⯌ Trend Shift Signals :
Trend shifts, based on highest and lowest values during input length. When high is == to highest it will change trend to up when low == lowest value it will be shift to down trend.
// Calculate highest and lowest over the specified length
h = ta.highest(length)
l = ta.lowest(length)
// Determine trend direction: if the current high is the highest value, set trend to true
if h == high
trend := true
// If the current low is the lowest value, set trend to false
if l == low
trend := false
Whenever the trend changes direction (from uptrend to downtrend or vice versa), the indicator provides visual cues in the form of arrows. This gives traders clear signals to identify potential trend reversals, enabling them to adjust their strategies accordingly.
⯌ Trend Level Calculation :
As soon as a trend is detected (uptrend or downtrend), the indicator starts calculating the highest, lowest, and mid-level values over the defined period. These levels are plotted on the chart as color-coded lines for easy visualization, allowing traders to quickly spot the key levels within a trend.
⯌ Midline Retests :
Throughout the trend, the mid-level line is often retested, acting as a potential zone for pullbacks or rejections. Traders can use these retests as opportunities for entering positions or confirming trend continuation. The chart shows how price frequently interacts with the midline, helping to identify important reaction levels.
⯌ Trend Strength Calculation :
The indicator measures the trend strength by calculating the delta between the number of candles closing above and below the midline. This percentage-based delta is displayed in real-time, providing a clear indication of whether the trend is gaining or losing momentum.
⯁ USER INPUTS
Length : Specifies the lookback period for calculating the highest and lowest values, which determines the key trend levels.
Candle Counting : Measures the number of candles closing above and below the midline to calculate the trend strength delta.
⯁ CONCLUSION
The Trend Levels indicator provides traders with a powerful tool for visualizing trend dynamics, key levels of support and resistance, and real-time trend strength. By identifying midline retests, tracking candle counts, and providing trend shift signals, this indicator can help traders make well-informed decisions during market trends.
VOLUME DIRECTION INDICATORDesigned for the 1-hour chart, this indicator shows:
Green Line: Volume when price rises, suggesting buying.
Red Line: Volume when price falls, indicating selling.
How to Use:
Watch for Crossover: When the Green Line moves above the Red, it might signal a budding uptrend.
Check Retracement: If the Green Line pulls back but stays above the Red, the uptrend could be strengthening.
Price Check: Look for a small price drop but not a reversal.
Trade Entry:
Enter at the high of the retracement candle.
Or wait for the Green Line to rise again.
For Precision: Draw a line at the retracement peak and switch to a shorter timeframe to find entry patterns above this line.
Remember: Use this with other tools for better trading decisions.
The Volume Direction Indicator provides a visual representation of market activity by assuming volume can be attributed to buying or selling based on price action within each bar. When the price closes higher than it opened, the volume for that period is considered as 'Bought Shares', plotted in green. Conversely, if the price closes lower, the volume is treated as 'Sold Shares', shown in red. This indicator resets daily to give a fresh perspective on trading activity each day.
Key Features:
Buying Pressure: Green line represents the cumulative volume during periods where the price increased.
Selling Pressure: Red line indicates the cumulative volume during price decreases.
Daily Reset: Accumulated values reset at the start of each new trading day, focusing on daily market sentiment.
Note: This indicator simplifies market dynamics by linking volume directly to price changes. It does not account for complex trading scenarios like short selling or market manipulations. Use this indicator as a tool to gauge general market direction and activity, not for precise transaction data.
Trend indicatorThe Trend Indicator script is a custom oscillator-based tool designed for identifying potential entry and exit points in the market. Using a combination of Exponential Moving Average (EMA) and Relative Moving Average (RMA) calculations, it captures the trend direction and signals market momentum shifts. The indicator visually presents buy and sell signals and color-codes background conditions based on potential trend reversals, offering a clear and structured approach for trend-based trading strategies.
Key Components
1. User Inputs
Smoothing Length (smoothLength): The script allows the trader to input a smoothing length for adjusting the EMA and RMA calculations. This parameter fine-tunes the indicator's sensitivity to price movements, where lower values result in a more responsive oscillator, while higher values make it smoother and less reactive to minor fluctuations.
Source (source): This is the price data input for the script, defaulting to the close price but customizable to other price points (e.g., open, high, or low) based on user preference.
2. Smoothed Price Calculation
Using an Exponential Moving Average (EMA), the script smooths the selected source price to reduce noise and make trends clearer. The EMA’s calculation length is determined by the smoothLength input, and this moving average forms the baseline from which other components derive.
3. Oscillator Calculation
The oscillator value represents the relative strength or weakness of price momentum. Here, the oscillator is computed using Relative Moving Average (RMA), applied to the difference between the smoothed price and the SMA of the source price. The RMA further filters short-term fluctuations to identify the core trend direction.
This oscillator measures the divergence between the smoothed price and the SMA, providing insight into whether the market is experiencing bullish or bearish pressure.
4. Signal Line
The Signal Line is a Simple Moving Average (SMA) of the oscillator, using the same smoothLength parameter. The SMA smooths the oscillator’s values, offering a secondary reference that traders can use to identify changes in momentum when it crosses the oscillator line.
5. Buy and Sell Signals
Buy Signal (bullSignal): The script triggers a buy signal when the oscillator crosses above zero. This indicates that momentum may be shifting in favor of buyers, potentially signaling an uptrend.
Sell Signal (bearSignal): The script triggers a sell signal when the oscillator crosses below zero, suggesting a shift in momentum to the downside, potentially initiating a downtrend.
Visualization
1. Plotting the Oscillator and Signal Line
The oscillator line is plotted in blue, representing the current momentum of the price. The signal line, plotted in red, serves as a smoother baseline.
When the oscillator crosses the signal line, it hints at a potential trend shift, which can be a signal for cautious traders to pay attention to trend reversals.
2. Buy/Sell Signal Markers
Buy Signal Marker: A green label appears below the bar whenever the oscillator crosses above zero, indicating a potential buying opportunity.
Sell Signal Marker: A red label appears above the bar whenever the oscillator crosses below zero, marking a potential selling opportunity.
These visual cues make it easy for traders to spot signals directly on the chart without needing to watch the oscillator values closely.
3. Background Coloring for Trend Direction
To further aid in trend identification, the background color changes to green when a bullish signal is active and red during bearish signals. This coloring helps visually reinforce the current trend direction, allowing traders to spot prolonged uptrends or downtrends easily.
Trading Strategy Suggestions
This indicator can be adapted to various trading strategies. Here are a few practical suggestions:
Trend-Following Strategy:
When the oscillator crosses above zero (green background), it could indicate the start of a potential uptrend. Consider entering a long position on this signal and holding it until the oscillator crosses back below zero.
Conversely, a cross below zero (red background) may signal a downtrend, making it suitable for short positions or exiting long trades.
Cross-Confirmation with Signal Line:
Use the crossover of the oscillator and signal line to confirm trends. For example, when the oscillator is above zero and crosses above the signal line, it could reinforce a strong buy signal. Similarly, a cross below the signal line when the oscillator is below zero could strengthen a sell signal.
Combining with Other Indicators:
For added accuracy, combine this indicator with other trend-confirming tools like Moving Averages or Bollinger Bands to confirm the validity of buy/sell signals.
Risk Management:
Always set stop-losses below recent lows in uptrends or above recent highs in downtrends. This indicator is useful for entry and exit points but should always be paired with solid risk management practices.
The Trend Indicator is a comprehensive tool for identifying market momentum and potential reversal points. By smoothing out price data and using an oscillator to track momentum shifts, it offers traders a structured approach to trading trends. Its built-in buy/sell markers and background coloring make it visually accessible and easy to interpret at a glance. However, as with any indicator, it's most effective when combined with other strategies and a disciplined approach to risk management.
Machine Learning RSI Bands"Machine Learning RSI Bands" Indicator
The "Machine Learning RSI Bands" (MLRSIB) indicator leverages advanced algorithmic analysis to enhance traditional RSI strategies:
RSI Customization: Users can customize the RSI settings including source, length, and thresholds for overbought/oversold conditions.
Innovative Machine Learning Application: The script uses a proprietary function FOUNDATION_400x10x2 from the 'FOUNDATION' library, which analyzes the last 400 occurrences of data points, considering various market dynamics like volume changes or RSI movements based on the selected sampling method. Outputs four optimal outcomes for both upper and lower band conditions, representing the most statistically significant patterns or predictions.
Dynamic Band Visualization: Plots the average of these four outcomes as colored lines (red for the upper band, green for the lower band) on the chart, serving as dynamic support and resistance or overbought/oversold levels.
Signal Plotting: Displays triangles above or below the bars to signal potential short or long entries when the RSI crosses these machine learning-adjusted bands under certain confidence conditions.
Market Volatility Indicator: Adjusts the chart's background color based on volatility, using an average deviation analysis to gauge market calmness or agitation.
Alert System: Provides alert conditions for when these sophisticated signals are triggered, allowing for timely trading actions.
This indicator is designed for traders interested in combining traditional technical analysis with machine learning to refine their market entry and exit strategies, focusing on patterns identified from recent market behavior.
Bollinger Bands Mean Reversion by Kevin Davey Bollinger Bands Mean Reversion Strategy Description
The Bollinger Bands Mean Reversion Strategy is a popular trading approach based on the concept of volatility and market overreaction. The strategy leverages Bollinger Bands, which consist of an upper and lower band plotted around a central moving average, typically using standard deviations to measure volatility. When the price moves beyond these bands, it signals potential overbought or oversold conditions, and the strategy seeks to exploit a reversion back to the mean (the central band).
Strategy Components:
1. Bollinger Bands:
The bands are calculated using a 20-period Simple Moving Average (SMA) and a multiple (usually 2.0) of the standard deviation of the asset’s price over the same period. The upper band represents the SMA plus two standard deviations, while the lower band is the SMA minus two standard deviations. The distance between the bands increases with higher volatility and decreases with lower volatility.
2. Mean Reversion:
Mean reversion theory suggests that, over time, prices tend to move back toward their historical average. In this strategy, a buy signal is triggered when the price falls below the lower Bollinger Band, indicating a potential oversold condition. Conversely, the position is closed when the price rises back above the upper Bollinger Band, signaling an overbought condition.
Entry and Exit Logic:
Buy Condition: The strategy enters a long position when the price closes below the lower Bollinger Band, anticipating a mean reversion to the central band (SMA).
Sell Condition: The long position is exited when the price closes above the upper Bollinger Band, implying that the market is likely overbought and a reversal could occur.
This approach uses mean reversion principles, aiming to capitalize on short-term price extremes and volatility compression, often seen in sideways or non-trending markets. Scientific studies have shown that mean reversion strategies, particularly those based on volatility indicators like Bollinger Bands, can be effective in capturing small but frequent price reversals  .
Scientific Basis for Bollinger Bands:
Bollinger Bands, developed by John Bollinger, are widely regarded in both academic literature and practical trading as an essential tool for volatility analysis and mean reversion strategies. Research has shown that Bollinger Bands effectively identify relative price highs and lows, and can be used to forecast price volatility and detect potential breakouts . Studies in financial markets, such as those by Fernández-Rodríguez et al. (2003), highlight the efficacy of Bollinger Bands in detecting overbought or oversold conditions in various assets .
Who is Kevin Davey?
Kevin Davey is an award-winning algorithmic trader and highly regarded expert in developing and optimizing systematic trading strategies. With over 25 years of experience, Davey gained significant recognition after winning the prestigious World Cup Trading Championships multiple times, where he achieved triple-digit returns with minimal drawdown. His success has made him a key figure in algorithmic trading education, with a focus on disciplined and rule-based trading systems.
