SMC - Complete AnalysisMC COMPLETE TRADING SYSTEM
📊 OVERVIEW
Professional Smart Money Concepts indicator with automated BUY/SELL signals, Entry/SL/TP prices, and 4-level market analysis for disciplined trading.
🎯 MAIN FEATURES
🟢 BUY/🔴 SELL Signals - Clear entry signals with exact prices
📍 ENTRY/SL/TP - Automated price calculations
🎪 Discipline Mode - High-probability setups only
⚡ Confluence Scoring - 6-factor signal validation
🏗️ 4 ANALYSIS LEVELS
Level 1: Market Structure
BOS/CHoCH/MSS detection
Displacement & Range analysis
Internal structure mapping
Level 2: Time-Based
Kill Zones (Asian/London/NY)
Session tracking
Daily/Weekly levels
Level 3: Entry & Risk
Smart entry triggers
Auto risk calculator
Target projections
Level 4: Advanced Analytics
Auto Fibonacci levels
Trend line detection
Smart money flow analysis
Strength meter
⚙️ SETTINGS
Default (Relaxed for more signals):
Minimum Confluence: 3/6
Kill Zone Required: OFF
Strength Bias Required: OFF
Risk per Trade: 2%
Risk:Reward: 3:1
📈 RECOMMENDED PAIRS
EURUSD (Beginners)
GBPUSD (Experienced)
XAUUSD (Best SMC signals)
EURJPY (Good structure)
⏰ BEST TIMEFRAMES
H1 - Recommended balance
H4 - High quality signals
M30 - More frequent signals
🎯 TRADING RULES
Trade ONLY on BUY/SELL signals
Use exact ENTRY/SL/TP prices
Set orders immediately
Wait for SL HIT or TP HIT
No modifications allowed
🔒 DISCIPLINE MODE
Shows signals only when confluence ≥3/6
All other features hidden by default
Simple status table
Forces disciplined trading
💡 USAGE
Wait for BUY or SELL signal
Note ENTRY/SL/TP prices
Execute trade exactly as shown
Hold until exit signal
Repeat
⚠️ IMPORTANT
No signal = No trading
2% risk maximum per trade
London/NY sessions preferred
Patience is key to success
🚀 Professional SMC system for consistent profitability through disciplined trading!
Search in scripts for "BOS"
Kaos CHoCH M15 – Confirm + BOS H4 Bias (no repinta)Marca choch en dirección del Bias de H4 para seguir con la tendencia.
Angle Market Structure [BigBeluga]🔵 OVERVIEW
Angle Market Structure is a smart pivot-based tool that dynamically adapts to price action by accelerating breakout and breakdown detection. It draws market structure levels based on pivot highs/lows and gradually adjusts those levels closer to price using an angle threshold. Upon breakout, the indicator projects deviation zones with labeled levels (+1, +2, +3 or −1, −2, −3) to track price extension beyond structure.
🔵 CONCEPTS
Adaptive Market Structure: Uses pivots to define structure levels, which dynamically angle closer to price over time to capture breakouts sooner.
Breakout Acceleration: Pivot high levels decrease and pivot low levels increase each bar using a user-defined angle (based on ATR), improving reactivity.
Deviation Zones: Once a breakout or breakdown occurs, 3 deviation levels are projected to show how far price extends beyond the breakout point.
Count Labels: Each successful structure break is numbered sequentially, giving traders insight into momentum and trend persistence.
Visual Clarity: The script uses colored pivot points, trend lines, and extension labels for easy structural interpretation.
🔵 FEATURES
Calculates pivot highs and lows using a customizable length.
Applies an angle modifier (ATR-based) to gradually pull levels closer to price.
Plots breakout and breakdown lines in distinct colors with automatic extension.
Shows deviation zones (+1, +2, +3 or −1, −2, −3) after breakout with customizable size.
Color-coded labels for trend break count (bullish or bearish).
Dynamic label sizing and theme-aware colors.
Smart label positioning to avoid chart clutter.
Built-in limit for deviation zones to maintain clarity and performance.
🔵 HOW TO USE
Use pivot-based market structure to identify breakout and breakdown zones.
Watch for crossover (up) or crossunder (down) events as trend continuation or reversal signals.
Observe +1/+2/+3 or -1/-2/-3 levels for overextension opportunities or trailing stop ideas.
Use breakout count as a proxy for trend strength—multiple counts suggest momentum.
Combine with volume or order flow tools for higher confidence entries at breakout points.
Adjust the angle setting to fine-tune sensitivity based on market volatility.
🔵 CONCLUSION
Angle Market Structure enhances traditional pivot-based analysis by introducing breakout acceleration and structured deviation tracking. It’s a powerful tool for traders seeking a cleaner, faster read on market structure and momentum strength—especially during impulsive price moves or structural transitions.
ShadowBlocks SMC indicator💼 SMC Indicator – Trade Like Smart Money
The SMC Indicator is a precision-engineered tool built around Smart Money Concepts, revealing how institutional players truly move the markets. Forget retail noise — SMC cuts through the fog to show the real structure, liquidity zones, and key manipulation points that big money uses to trap uninformed traders.
Key Features:
🔹 Market Structure Mapping: Real-time detection of Breaks of Structure (BOS) and Change of Character (CHoCH) for trend identification.
🔹 Liquidity Zones: Highlights internal and external liquidity pools where stop hunts are most likely to occur.
🔹 Order Blocks & Imbalances: Automatic marking of bullish/bearish order blocks, Fair Value Gaps (FVGs), and mitigation zones.
🔹 Premium/Discount Zones: Smart price equilibrium tracking using internal range Fibonacci logic.
🔹 Entry & Exit Clarity: Clearly defined high-probability entry zones, TP/SL levels, and confirmation-based signals.
Whether you're a price action purist or a strategic SMC trader, this indicator brings the invisible hand of institutions into full view — so you can follow smart money, not fight it.
⚠️ Disclaimer:
ShadowBlocks SMC Indicator is an educational and informational tool. It does not provide financial advice. Always do your own research and consult a licensed financial advisor before making trading decisions.
Cumulative Volume Delta (SB-1) 2.0
📈 Cumulative Volume Delta (CVD) — Stair-Step + Threshold Alerts
🔍 Overview
This Cumulative Volume Delta (CVD) tool visualizes aggressive buying and selling pressure in the market by plotting candlestick-style bars based on volume delta. It helps traders understand which side — buyers or sellers — is exerting more control on lower timeframes and highlights momentum shifts through stair-step patterns and delta threshold breaks. Resets to zero at EOD
Ideal for futures traders, scalpers, and intraday strategists looking for orderflow-based confirmation.
🧠 What Is CVD?
CVD (Cumulative Volume Delta) measures the difference between market buys and sells over a specific timeframe. When the delta is rising, it suggests buyers are being more aggressive. Falling delta suggests seller dominance.
This script aggregates volume delta from a lower timeframe and plots it in a higher timeframe context, allowing you to track microstructure shifts within larger candles.
📊 Features
✅ CVD Candlesticks
Each bar represents volume delta as an OHLC-style candle using:
Open: Delta at the start of the bar
High/Low: Peak delta range
Close: Final delta value at bar close
Teal candles = Net buying pressure
Red candles = Net selling pressure
✅ Threshold Levels (Key Visual Zones)
The script includes horizontal dashed lines at:
+5,000 and +10,000 → Signify strong buying pressure
-5,000 and -10,000 → Signify strong selling pressure
0 line → Neutrality line (no net pressure)
These levels act as volume-based support/resistance zones and breakout confirmation tools. For example:
A CVD cross above +5,000 shows buyers taking control
A CVD cross above +10,000 implies strong bullish momentum
A CVD cross below -5,000 or -10,000 signals intense selling pressure
📈 Stair-Step Pattern Detection
Detects two specific volume-based continuation setups:
Bullish Stair-Step: Both the high and low of the CVD candle are higher than the previous candle
Bearish Stair-Step: Both the high and low of the CVD candle are lower than the previous candle
These patterns often appear during trending moves and serve as confirmation of strength or continuation.
Visual markers:
🟢 Green triangles below bars = Bullish stair-step
🔴 Red triangles above bars = Bearish stair-step
🔔 Alert Conditions
Get real-time alerts when:
Bullish Stair-Step is detected
Bearish Stair-Step is detected
CVD crosses above +5,000
CVD crosses below -5,000
📢 Alerts only trigger on crossover, not every time CVD remains above or below. This avoids repetitive notifications.
⚙️ Inputs & Customization
Anchor Timeframe: The higher timeframe to which CVD data is applied (default: 1D)
Lower Timeframe: The timeframe used to calculate the CVD delta (default: 5 minutes)
Optional Override: Use custom timeframe toggle to force your own micro timeframe
📌 How to Use This CVD Indicator (Step-by-Step Guide)
✅ 1. Confirm Bias Using the Zero Line
The zero line (0 CVD) represents neutral pressure — neither buyers nor sellers are dominating.
Use it as your first filter:
🔼 If CVD is above 0 and rising → Buyer control
🔽 If CVD is below 0 and falling → Seller control
🧠 Tip: CVD rising while price is consolidating may signal hidden buyer interest.
✅ 2. Watch for Crosses of Key Levels: +5,000 and +10,000
These levels act as momentum thresholds:
Level Signal Type What It Means
+5,000 Buyer breakout Buyers are starting to dominate
+10,000 Strong bull bias Strong institutional or algorithmic buying flow
-5,000 Seller breakout Sellers are taking control
-10,000 Strong bear bias Heavy selling pressure is entering the market
Wait for CVD to cross above +5K or below -5K to confirm the active side.
Use these crossovers as entry triggers, breakout confirmations, or trade filters.
🔔 Alerts fire only when the level is first crossed, not every bar above/below.
✅ 3. Use Stair-Step Patterns for Continuation Confirmation
The indicator shows stair-step patterns using triangle signals:
🟢 Green triangle below bar = Bullish stair-step
Suggests a higher high and higher low in delta → buyers stepping up
🔴 Red triangle above bar = Bearish stair-step
Suggests lower highs and lower lows in delta → selling pressure building
Use stair-step signals:
To confirm a continuation of trend
As an entry or add-on signal
Especially after a threshold breakout
🧠 Example: If CVD breaks above +5K and forms bullish stairs → confirms strong trend, ideal for momentum entries.
✅ 4. Combine with Price Action or Structure
CVD works best when used with price, not in isolation. For example:
📉 Price makes a new low but CVD doesn’t → potential bullish divergence
📈 CVD surges while price lags → buyers are absorbing, breakout likely
Use it with:
VWAP
Orderblocks
Liquidity sweeps
Break of market structure/MSS/BOS
✅ 5.
Set Anchor Timeframe = Daily
Set Lower Timeframe = 5 minutes (default)
This lets you:
See intraday flow inside daily bars
Confirm whether a daily candle is being built on net buying or selling
🧠 You’re essentially seeing intra-bar aggression within a bigger time structure.
🧭 Example Trading Setup
Bullish Scenario:
CVD is rising and above 0
CVD crosses above +5,000 → alert fires
Green stair-step appears
Price breaks local resistance or liquidity sweep completes
✅ Consider long entry with structure and CVD alignment
🎯 Place stops below last stair-step or structural low
📌 Final Notes
This tool does not repaint and is designed to work in real-time across all futures, crypto, and equity instruments that support volume data. If your symbol does not provide volume, the script will notify you.
Use it in confluence with VWAP, liquidity zones, or structure breaks for high-confidence trades.
Previous Day Liquidity ZonesThis indicator is designed for intraday liquidity-based trading strategies and helps traders identify high-probability reversal or breakout zones based on smart money concepts.
It automatically plots the:
🟥 Previous Day High Zone – potential buy-side liquidity trap
🟩 Previous Day Low Zone – potential sell-side liquidity trap
🟧 Previous Day Close Zone – potential rebalancing or indecision zone
These levels are critical areas where institutional stop-hunting, reversals, and fake breakouts often occur.
🎯 How to Use
Use this indicator on 1-minute or 5-minute charts for stocks, indices (like NIFTY, BANKNIFTY), or forex.
Watch for price entering these zones during live market hours.
Combine with price action confirmation:
Rejection wicks
Engulfing candles
Change of character (CHoCH) or BOS
Fair Value Gaps (FVG)
First 5-minute candle (9:15 AM in Indian market) is highlighted for breakout setups.
🧠 Smart Money Logic
These zones mimic the logic used by institutions to:
Trigger retail stop-losses
Reverse market direction near liquidity pools
Trap breakout traders around session extremes
⚙️ Features
Configurable zone width (%)
Visual fill zones with subtle shading
Support for all assets and timeframes
Highlights first candle of day to assist with pre-trade bias
✅ Ideal For:
Smart money traders
ICT / Wyckoff / SMC followers
Breakout trap or reversal strategy users
Anyone who trades key session levels
⚠️ Disclaimer
This is an informational tool. Always use confirmation and sound risk management before executing any trade.
SMC XAU/USD Pro✅ Structure filter: Only BUY if the price is above the last bullish BOS, and SELL if it is below the last bearish BOS.
✅ Significant candle body: At least 40% of the range to avoid weak signals.
✅ Boxes limited to 3 per type (old ones automatically cleared).
✅ Visual display of Take Profit and Stop Loss with green and red dashed lines.
✅ Clear BUY/SELL signals with visible labels.
3 Bullish Candles + No Wick + SL unter BoS (Swing Low)1m strategie basierend auf price action and volume candle sticks
Ralph Indicator - ZaraTrust Smart MoneyThe Ralph Indicator – ZaraTrust Smart Money is a powerful yet simple Smart Money Concepts (SMC) based tool designed for traders who want to trade like institutions. It auto-detects high-probability Buy/Sell zones, Support/Resistance levels, and Demand/Supply areas on the chart — giving you clear, visual, and actionable signals without the clutter.
⸻
🔍 Key Features:
✅ Smart Money Structure
• Uses pivot-based logic to identify potential structure points
• Helps you understand market flow (e.g., BOS, CHoCH simplified logic)
✅ Automatic Support & Resistance
• Plots major levels based on significant highs and lows
• Helps catch key reversal or breakout zones
✅ Demand & Supply Zones
• Visually shows areas where price may react strongly
• Based on smart pivot detection from recent swings
✅ Buy/Sell Trade Signals
• Highlights buy when price breaks resistance (possible bullish shift)
• Highlights sell when price breaks support (possible bearish shift)
✅ Clean & Easy UI
• Toggle features on/off from settings panel
• Labels and shapes are plotted clearly on the chart for instant reading
⸻
🛠️ Recommended Use:
• Use on 15min to 4H timeframe for intraday or swing trading
• Combine with price action (e.g., confirmation candles, liquidity grab)
• Works best when paired with institutional logic (OBs, FVG, liquidity)
⸻
⚠️ Disclaimer:
This indicator is a tool, not a signal service.
It does not guarantee 98% accuracy, but it’s designed to highlight smart money zones and high-probability areas. Always do your own risk management and backtest before using on a live account.
Fair Value Gap [Custom]📌 FVG Indicator – Smart Money Concepts Tool
This script is based on Smart Money Concepts (SMC) and automatically detects and marks Fair Value Gaps (FVG) on the chart, helping traders identify unbalanced price areas left behind by institutional moves.
🧠 What is an FVG?
An FVG (Fair Value Gap) is the price gap formed when the market moves rapidly, leaving behind a candle range where no trading occurred — typically between Candle 1’s high and Candle 3’s low (in a three-candle pattern). These gaps often signal imbalance, created during structural breaks or liquidity grabs, and may act as retrace zones or entry points.
🛠 Features:
✅ Automatically detects and highlights FVG zones (high-low range)
✅ Differentiates between open (unfilled) and closed (filled) FVGs
✅ Adjustable timeframe settings (works best on 1H–4H charts)
✅ Option to toggle display of filled FVGs
✅ Great for identifying pullback entries, continuation zones, or reversal setups
💡 Recommended Use:
After BOS/CHoCH, watch for price to return to the FVG for entry
Combine with Order Blocks and liquidity zones for higher accuracy
Best used as part of an ICT or SMC-based trading system
Smart Money Trap SignalSmart Money Trap Signal – Indicator Description
The Smart Money Trap Signal is a precision-based trading tool designed to identify areas where institutional traders (smart money) are likely to trap retail traders through false breakouts and liquidity grabs. These traps often occur near key highs and lows, where retail traders are lured into trades just before price reverses sharply.
🔍 Key Features:
Liquidity Sweep Detection
Identifies false breakouts of recent swing highs or lows, signaling potential liquidity grabs by large players.
Reversal Confirmation
Confirms the trap using a classic price action reversal pattern (bullish or bearish engulfing), helping filter out weak signals.
Optional Volume Spike Filter
Allows additional confirmation based on a significant spike in volume, indicating potential institutional involvement.
Buy and Sell Trap Signals
🔴 Smart Money Short (SMT↓) – Triggered when price sweeps a high and reverses down.
🟢 Smart Money Long (SMT↑) – Triggered when price sweeps a low and reverses up.
Alerts & Labels
Real-time alert conditions and on-chart labels to help you catch setups without missing opportunities.
📈 How to Use:
Apply on Higher Timeframes (1H, 4H, Daily) for cleaner signals.
Look for SMT signals at key supply/demand zones or market structure points.
Combine with your existing trading strategy, such as order blocks or break of structure (BoS), for higher accuracy.
Use volume filter only if you're analyzing markets where volume data is reliable.
⚠️ Disclaimer:
This tool is meant to assist with trade identification, not trade execution. Always use proper risk management and validate setups with your trading plan.
ICT Setup 04 [TradingFinder] SFP Sweep Liquidity Fake CHoCH/BOS🔵 Introduction
In smart money and ICT based trading, liquidity is never random. Some of the most meaningful market moves begin with a liquidity sweep where price intentionally hunts a previous swing high or swing low to trigger stop loss orders and absorb volume.
This manipulation is often followed by a sharp reversal from a reaction zone, creating ideal conditions for a high probability entry. This indicator is built to detect exactly that. It identifies a valid swing point and defines a reaction zone where price is likely to react.
For short setups, the zone lies between the swing high and the maximum of the candle’s open or close. For long setups, it’s drawn from the swing low to the minimum of the open or close.
When price returns to this zone and forms a qualified confirmation candle typically a doji or a small bodied candle that closes inside the zone while sweeping the liquidity this is a potential sign of reversal.
The candle must show both the sweep and the inability to hold above or below the key level, signaling a fake breakout or failed move. By combining elements of liquidity hunt, reaction zone rejection, and candle based entry confirmation, this tool highlights sniper entry points used by smart money to trap retail traders and reverse the trend. It helps filter out noise and enhances timing, making it ideal for trading in alignment with institutional order flow.
Long Position :
Short Position :
🔵 How to Use
This indicator is designed to highlight precise moments where price sweeps liquidity and reacts within a high probability reversal zone. By identifying clean swing highs and lows and defining a smart reaction zone around them, it filters out weak fakeouts and focuses only on setups with strong institutional footprints.
The tool works best when combined with market structure analysis and is suitable for both scalping and intraday trading. Below is a breakdown of how to interpret the signals for long and short positions based on the visual setups provided.
🟣 Long Setup
In a long setup, the indicator first detects a valid swing low where liquidity has likely accumulated below. A reaction zone is then drawn between the swing low and the minimum of the open or close of the swing candle.
When price returns to this zone, it must sweep the previous low and form a precise confirmation candle, such as a doji or a small bodied candle, that closes inside the zone. This candle must also reject the lower level, showing failure to continue downward.
As shown in the chart, once the liquidity grab is complete and the confirmation candle forms, a clean long signal is issued, indicating a potential bullish reversal backed by smart money behavior.
🟣 Short Setup
In a short setup, the indicator identifies a swing high where buy-side liquidity is resting. It then constructs a reaction zone between the high and the maximum of the open or close of the swing candle. Price must return to this zone, sweep the swing high, and form a bearish confirmation candle inside the zone.
A classic example is a doji or rejection candle that traps breakout buyers and fails to hold above the previous high. In the provided chart, the price aggressively hunts the liquidity above the swing high, but the close within the reaction zone signals exhaustion, prompting a short signal with high reversal probability.
These setups represent moments where price action, liquidity behavior, and candle structure align to offer strong entries. By focusing on clean sweeps and reactive confirmations, the indicator helps traders stay on the side of smart money and avoid common breakout traps.
🔵 Settings
🟣 Logical settings
Swing period : You can set the swing detection period.
Max Swing Back Method : It is in two modes "All" and "Custom". If it is in "All" mode, it will check all swings, and if it is in "Custom" mode, it will check the swings to the extent you determine.
Max Swing Back : You can set the number of swings that will go back for checking.
Maximum Distance Between Swing and Signal :The maximum number of candles allowed between the swing point and the potential signal. The default value is 50, ensuring that only recent and relevant price reactions are considered valid.
🟣 Display settings
Displaying or not displaying swings and setting the color of labels and lines.
🟣 Alert Settings
Alert SFP : Enables alerts for Swing Failure Pattern.
Message Frequency : Determines the frequency of alerts. Options include 'All' (every function call), 'Once Per Bar' (first call within the bar), and 'Once Per Bar Close' (final script execution of the real-time bar). Default is 'Once per Bar'.
Show Alert Time by Time Zone : Configures the time zone for alert messages. Default is 'UTC'.
🔵 Conclusion
This indicator is built for traders who rely on liquidity driven setups and smart money principles. By combining swing structure analysis with precision reaction zones and strict entry confirmation, it isolates the exact moments where price sweeps liquidity and fails to continue. These are high value points where institutional activity often reveals itself, and retail traps unfold.
Unlike generic breakout tools, this script focuses on quality over quantity by requiring both a sweep of a swing high or low and a confirmed rejection candle that closes inside a predefined zone. With customizable swing depth, proximity filters, visual highlights, and alert functions, it offers a complete framework for identifying and acting on fake breakouts with confidence. Whether you trade forex, crypto, or indices, this tool enhances your ability to align with true order flow and take entries where liquidity is most likely to shift.
CHoCH + BOS Detector (con líneas)este indicador sirve para simplificar las entrada scalper en el oro
Adjustable Vertical LinesThe script provides an indicator which will plot lines - 15 min, 30 min and 60 min. You can customize the time intervals and go to as low as one minute, but I found the 15-minute and 30-minute intervals works best for me when trying to find setups, and the lower time-frame intervals, is just pointless to use if you're not scalping on the seconds timeframe.
You can customize inputs for the line style. Line thickness, colour, etc.
I've seen this work using the OBR theory and applying it to the one-minute candle then looking for other confluences like order blocks, or breakers, FVGs, BOS/CHoC for further confirmation for scalping. It's important to backtest though and see for yourself.
Thanks for the boost.
Apex Edge - MTF Confluence PanelApex Edge – MTF Confluence Panel
Description:
The Apex Edge – MTF Confluence Panel is a powerful multi-timeframe analysis tool built to streamline trade decision-making by aggregating key confluences across three user-defined timeframes. The panel visually presents the state of five core market signals—Trend, Momentum, Sweep, Structure, and Trap—alongside a unified Score column that summarizes directional bias with clarity.
Traders can customize the number of bullish/bearish conditions required to trigger a score signal, allowing the tool to be tailored for both conservative and aggressive trading styles. This script is designed for those who value a clean, structured, and objective approach to identifying market alignment—whether scalping or swing trading.
How it Works:
Across each of the three selected timeframes, the panel evaluates:
Trend: Based on a user-configurable Hull Moving Average (HMA), the script compares price relative to trend to determine bullish, bearish, or neutral bias.
Momentum: Uses OBV (On-Balance Volume) with volume spike detection to identify bursts of strong buying or selling pressure.
Sweep: Detects potential liquidity grabs by identifying price rejections beyond prior swing highs/lows. A break below a previous low with reversal signals bullish intent (and vice versa for bearish).
Structure: Uses dynamic pivot-based logic to identify market structure breaks (BOS) beyond recent confirmed swing levels.
Trap: Flags potential false moves by measuring RSI overbought/oversold signal clusters combined with minimal price movement—highlighting exhaustion or deceptive breaks.
Score: A weighted consensus of the above components. The number of required confluences to trigger a score (default: 3) can be set by the user via input, offering flexibility in signal sensitivity.
Why It’s Useful for Traders:
Quick Decision-Making: The color-coded panel provides instant visual feedback on whether confluences align across timeframes—ideal for fast-paced environments like scalping or high-volatility news sessions.
Multi-Timeframe Confidence: Helps eliminate guesswork by confirming whether higher and lower timeframe conditions support your trade idea.
Customizability: Adjustable confluence threshold means traders can fine-tune how sensitive the system is—more signals for faster entries, stricter confluence for higher conviction trades.
Built-In Alerts: Automated alerts for score alignment, trap detection, and liquidity sweeps allow traders to stay informed even when away from the screen.
Strategic Edge: Supports directional bias confirmation and trade filtering with logic designed to mimic professional decision-making workflows.
Features:
Clean, real-time confluence table across three user-selected timeframes
Configurable score sensitivity via “Minimum Confluences for Score” input
Cell-based colour coding for at-a-glance trade direction
Built-in alerts for score alignment, traps, and sweep triggers
Note - This Indicator works great in sync with Apex Edge - Session Sweep Pro
Useful levels for TP = previous session high/low boxes or fib levels.
⚠️ Disclaimer:
This script is for informational and educational purposes only and should not be considered financial advice. Always perform your own due diligence and practice proper risk management when trading.
Vietnamese Market Structure With CountersThis indicator is designed to track Market Structure with Swing-Low Breakdowns and Swing-High Breakups specifically tailored for the Vietnamese stock market, though it can be applied elsewhere too. By default, it uses a 10-period EMA to dynamically detect key turning points in price action and count significant breakdowns or breakups from previous swing levels.
As an open source, you can modify the source code to match your needs.
What it does:
Detects when price breaks below previous swing lows or above previous swing highs.
Plots swing levels for both highs and lows.
Displays labeled counters on the chart to show how many consecutive breakdowns or breakups have occurred.
Helps traders identify trend shifts and possible exhaustion in moves.
Why it's useful:
This tool is great for visually tracking market momentum and structure changes — especially in trending or volatile environments. It emphasizes structure over indicators, helping you understand price behavior in a simplified, intuitive way.
License:
This script is published under the Mozilla Public License 2.0. Feel free to use, modify, and contribute!
Created with care by @doqkhanh.
If you find it useful, consider leaving a comment or sharing it with others!
Change in State of Delivery (CISD) [SB Instant]🧠 Modified by SB | Core Logic by LuxAlgo
🔗 Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Change in State of Delivery (CISD) is a concept rooted in observing shifts in order flow behavior, designed to detect the first signs of trend exhaustion and potential reversal. This model tracks when the current delivery (trend) structure — bullish or bearish — is violated by an opposing force, signaling a potential change in market intent.
In simple terms:
A Bullish CISD is triggered when sellers fail to maintain control, and buyers break above a delivery line.
A Bearish CISD is triggered when buyers fail, and sellers break below a delivery line.
This version uses real-time logic, triggering alerts immediately on break, rather than waiting for candle-close confirmation — giving faster, actionable signals to precision-driven traders.
⚙️ Core Features
Detection Modes
Classic: Traditional swing-based structural break detection
Liquidity Sweep: Logic incorporating wick sweeps (liquidity grabs)
Custom Parameters
Swing Length: Number of candles used to identify swing points
Minimum CISD Duration: Minimum length required for valid delivery phase
Maximum Swing Validity: How long the structure remains valid for potential breaks
Visual Options
Label and line styling options
Solid line = Initial break of delivery structure
Dashed line = Continuation break in the same trend direction
This allows you to visually differentiate a new reversal vs. a continuation of the existing trend.
🚨 Built-in Alerts
Bullish CISD Detected (Instant)
Bearish CISD Detected (Instant)
These alerts fire immediately when structure is broken, offering early confirmation for aggressive or reactive trade setups.
🔔 IMPORTANT:
If an alert triggers but the delivery line is not present, wait for the price to form the CISD label again and manually mark the price level using a horizontal ray. This ensures you are trading from a clearly defined structure.
🕒 Recommended Timeframes
✅ Use 30-Minute or 4-Hour charts to identify high-confidence CISD zones
🎯 Then drop to the 1-Minute or 5-Minute chart for precise entry execution
This top-down approach aligns higher timeframe narrative with lower timeframe entry triggers, increasing your edge in both timing and context.
🧠 How to Use CISD Effectively
Bullish Scenario:
Watch for breaks above bearish delivery structures, especially if confirmed with:
Fair Value Gaps (FVG)
The Strat 2-2 reversal
MSS (Market Structure Shift)
Bearish Scenario:
Look for breaks below bullish delivery setups in alignment with:
BOS (Break of Structure)
The Strat 3-1-2
Bearish liquidity sweeps
Key Tip:
Solid line = Initial CISD (new shift)
Dashed line = Continuation of current trend
This visual distinction helps you determine when a market is shifting vs. extending.
📎 Disclaimer
This tool is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended as financial advice. Always backtest, paper trade, and manage risk responsibly.
📚 Credits
Original CISD framework developed by LuxAlgo
Real-time execution logic, alert enhancements, and intraday utility designed by SB (SamB)
CISD [TakingProphets]🧠 Indicator Purpose:
The "CISD - Change in State of Delivery" is a precision tool designed for traders utilizing ICT (Inner Circle Trader) conecpets. It detects critical shifts in delivery conditions after liquidity sweeps — helping you spot true smart money activity and optimal trade opportunities. This script is especially valuable for traders applying liquidity concepts, displacement recognition, and market structure shifts at both intraday and swing levels.
🌟 What Makes This Indicator Unique:
Unlike basic trend-following or scalping tools, CISD operates through a two-phase smart money logic:
Liquidity Sweep Detection (sweeping Buyside or Sellside Liquidity).
State of Delivery Change Identification (through bearish or bullish displacement after the sweep).
It intelligently tracks candle sequences and only signals a CISD event after true displacement — offering a much deeper context than ordinary indicators.
⚙️ How the Indicator Works:
Swing Point Detection: Identifies recent pivot highs/lows to map Buyside Liquidity (BSL) and Sellside Liquidity (SSL) zones.
Liquidity Sweeps: Watches for price breaches of these liquidity points to detect institutional stop hunts.
Sequence Recognition: Finds series of same-direction candles before sweeps to mark institutional accumulation/distribution.
Change of Delivery Confirmation: Confirms CISD only after significant displacement moves price against the initial candle sequence.
Visual Markings: Automatically plots CISD lines and optional labels, customizable in color, style, and size.
🎯 How to Use It:
Identify Liquidity Sweeps: Watch for CISD levels plotted after a liquidity sweep event.
Plan Entries: Look for retracements into CISD lines for high-probability entries.
Manage Risk: Use CISD levels to refine your stop-loss and profit-taking zones.
Best Application:
After stop hunts during Killzones (London Open, New York AM).
As part of the Flow State Model: identify higher timeframe PD Arrays ➔ wait for lower timeframe CISD confirmation.
🔎 Underlying Concepts:
Liquidity Pools: Highs and lows cluster stop orders, attracting institutional sweeps.
Displacement: Powerful price moves post-sweep confirm smart money involvement.
Market Structure: CISD frequently precedes major Change of Character (CHoCH) or Break of Structure (BOS) shifts.
🎨 Customization Options:
Adjustable line color, width, and style (solid, dashed, dotted).
Optional label display with customizable color and sizing.
Line extension settings to keep CISD zones visible for future reference.
✅ Recommended for:
Traders studying ICT Smart Money Concepts.
Intraday scalpers and higher timeframe swing traders.
Traders who want to improve entries around liquidity sweeps and institutional displacement moves.
🚀 Bonus Tip:
For maximum confluence, pair this with the HTF POI, ICT Liquidity Levels, and HTF Market Structure indicators available at TakingProphets.com! 🔥
Aviad SMC Flow🔹 Aviad SMC Flow – Smart Structure & Zones Indicator
A professional SMC-based indicator for identifying:
✅ BoS – Break of Structure
✅ CHoCH – Change of Character
✅ MSS – Market Structure Shift
✅ Automated Support & Resistance Zones
✅ Liquidity Grab and Reversal Points
✅ Market Structure with historical display
Optimized for 1H and lower timeframes.
Designed for real Smart Money Concepts (SMC) trading.
Perfect for intraday traders, swing traders, and scalpers.
ICT Liquidity Sweep MAX RETRI (ALERT)Strategy Description: SMC + ICT Reversal Sniper | 5-Min | R2 TP
This strategy applies Smart Money Concepts (SMC) and ICT methodology to identify high-probability reversal trades using a clean, rule-based system designed for the 5-minute timeframe.
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Core Logic:
• Liquidity Sweep: Identifies stop hunts beyond recent swing highs/lows using a configurable lookback window.
• Break of Structure (BOS): Validates a directional shift after the sweep.
• Fixed R2 Risk-Reward: Entry is followed by a 2:1 take-profit target. Stop loss is set at the sweep candle’s high/low.
• No Entry Between 8 PM–12 AM NY Time: Avoids the manipulation-prone and illiquid zone.
• Discreet SL Handling: SL hits close trades silently — no labels or visuals.
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Entry Precision & Timing Notes:
• The strategy may occasionally fire before a confirmed liquidity sweep — this is expected. If a sweep occurs later, you may still re-enter toward equilibrium, with take profit also targeted at equilibrium.
• Alerts or trades that trigger near 9:30 AM NY often align with real direction, but this time can be volatile.
• For more reliable and lower-risk entries, focus on the 1:30 PM to 2:00 PM silver bullet window, which tends to produce cleaner setups with more favorable flow. 🖤
SMC+The "SMC+" indicator is a comprehensive tool designed to overlay key Smart Money Concepts (SMC) levels, support/resistance zones, order blocks (OB), fair value gaps (FVG), and trap detection on your TradingView chart. It aims to assist traders in identifying potential areas of interest based on price action, swing structures, and volume dynamics across multiple timeframes. This indicator is fully customizable, allowing users to adjust lookback periods, colors, opacity, and sensitivity to suit their trading style.
Key Components and Functionality
1. Key Levels (Support and Resistance)
This section plots horizontal lines representing support and resistance levels based on highs and lows over three distinct lookback periods, plus daily nearest levels.
Short-Term Lookback Period (Default: 20 bars)
Plots the highest high (short_high) and lowest low (short_low) over the specified period.
Visualized as dotted lines with customizable colors (Short-Term Resistance Color, Short-Term Support Color) and opacity (Short-Term Resistance Opacity, Short-Term Support Opacity).
Adjustment Tip: Increase the lookback (e.g., to 30-50) for less frequent but stronger levels on higher timeframes, or decrease (e.g., to 10-15) for scalping on lower timeframes.
Long-Term Lookback Period (Default: 50 bars)
Plots broader support (long_low) and resistance (long_high) levels using a solid line style.
Customizable via Long-Term Resistance Color, Long-Term Support Color, and their respective opacity settings.
Adjustment Tip: Extend to 100-200 bars for swing trading or major trend analysis on daily/weekly charts.
Extra-Long Lookback Period (Default: 100 bars)
Identifies significant historical highs (extra_long_high) and lows (extra_long_low) with dashed lines.
Configurable with Extra-Long Resistance Color, Extra-Long Support Color, and opacity settings.
Adjustment Tip: Use 200-500 bars for monthly charts to capture macro-level key zones.
Daily Nearest Resistance and Support Levels
Dynamically calculates the nearest resistance (daily_res_level) and support (daily_sup_level) based on the current day’s price action relative to historical highs and lows.
Displayed with Daily Resistance Color and Daily Support Color (with opacity options).
Adjustment Tip: Works best on intraday charts (e.g., 15m, 1h) to track daily pivots; combine with volume profile for confirmation.
How It Works: These levels update dynamically as new highs/lows form, providing a visual guide to potential reversal or breakout zones.
2. SMC Inputs (Smart Money Concepts)
This section identifies swing structures, order blocks, fair value gaps, and entry signals based on SMC principles.
SMC Swing Lookback Period (Default: 12 bars)
Defines the period for detecting swing highs (smc_swing_high) and lows (smc_swing_low).
Adjustment Tip: Increase to 20-30 for smoother swings on higher timeframes; reduce to 5-10 for faster signals on lower timeframes.
Minimum Swing Size (%) (Default: 0.5%)
Filters out minor price movements to focus on significant swings.
Adjustment Tip: Raise to 1-2% for volatile markets (e.g., crypto) to avoid noise; lower to 0.2-0.3% for forex pairs with tight ranges.
Order Block Sensitivity (Default: 1.0)
Scales the size of detected order blocks (OBs) for bullish reversal (smc_ob_bull), bearish reversal (smc_ob_bear), and continuation (smc_cont_ob).
Visuals include customizable colors, opacity, border thickness, and blinking effects (e.g., SMC Bullish Reversal OB Color, SMC Bearish Reversal OB Blink Thickness).
Adjustment Tip: Increase to 1.5-2.0 for wider OBs in choppy markets; keep at 1.0 for precision in trending conditions.
Minimum FVG Size (%) (Default: 0.3%)
Sets the minimum gap size for Fair Value Gaps (fvg_high, fvg_low), displayed as boxes with Fair Value Gap Color and FVG Opacity.
Adjustment Tip: Increase to 0.5-1% for larger, more reliable gaps; decrease to 0.1-0.2% for scalping smaller inefficiencies.
How It Works:
Bullish Reversal OB: Detects a bearish candle followed by a bullish break, marking a potential demand zone.
Bearish Reversal OB: Identifies a bullish candle followed by a bearish break, marking a supply zone.
Continuation OB: Spots strong bullish momentum after a prior high, indicating a continuation zone.
FVG: Highlights bullish gaps where price may retrace to fill.
Entry Signals: Plots triangles (SMC Long Entry) when price retests an OB with a liquidity sweep or break of structure (BOS).
3. Trap Inputs
This section detects potential bull and bear traps based on price action, volume, and key level rejections.
Min Down Move for Bear Trap (%) (Default: 1.0%)
Sets the minimum drop required after a bearish OB to qualify as a trap.
Visualized with Bear Trap Color, Bear Trap Opacity, and blinking borders.
Adjustment Tip: Increase to 2-3% for stronger traps in trending markets; lower to 0.5% for ranging conditions.
Min Up Move for Bull Trap (%) (Default: 1.0%)
Sets the minimum rise required after a bullish OB to flag a trap.
Customizable with Bull Trap Color, Bull Trap Border Thickness, etc.
Adjustment Tip: Adjust similarly to bear traps based on market volatility.
Volume Lookback for Traps (Default: 5 bars)
Compares current volume to a moving average (avg_volume) to filter low-volume traps.
Adjustment Tip: Increase to 10-20 for confirmation on higher timeframes; reduce to 3 for intraday sensitivity.
How It Works:
Bear Trap: Triggers when price drops significantly after a bearish OB but reverses up with low volume or support rejection.
Bull Trap: Activates when price rises after a bullish OB but fails with low volume or resistance rejection.
Boxes highlight trap zones, resetting when price breaks out.
4. Visual Customization
Line Width (Default: 2)
Adjusts thickness of support/resistance lines.
Tip: Increase to 3-4 for visibility on cluttered charts.
Blink On (Default: Close)
Sets whether OB/FVG borders blink based on Open or Close price interaction.
Tip: Use "Open" for intraday precision; "Close" for confirmed reactions.
Colors and Opacity: Each element (OBs, FVGs, traps, key levels) has customizable colors, opacity (0-100), border thickness (1-5 or 1-7), and blink effects for dynamic visualization.
How to Use SMC+
Setup: Apply the indicator to any chart and adjust inputs based on your timeframe and market.
Key Levels: Watch for price reactions at short, long, extra-long, or daily levels for potential reversals or breakouts.
SMC Signals: Look for entry signals (triangles) near OBs or FVGs, confirmed by liquidity sweeps or BOS.
Traps: Avoid false breakouts by monitoring trap boxes, especially near key levels with low volume.
Notes:
This indicator is a visual aid and does not guarantee trading success. Combine it with other analysis tools and risk management strategies.
Performance may vary across markets and timeframes; test settings thoroughly before use.
For optimal results, experiment with lookback periods and sensitivity settings to match your trading style.
The default settings are optimal for 1 minute and 10 second time frames for small cap low float stocks.
Continuation OB are Blue.
Bullish Reversal OB color is Green
Bearish Reversal OB color is Red
FVG color is purple
Bear Trap OB is red with a green border and often appears with a Bearish Reversal OB signaling caution to a short position.
Bull trap OB is green with a Red border signaling caution to a long position.
All active OB area are highlighted and solid in color while other non active OB area are dimmed.
My personal favorite setups are when we have an active bullish reversal with an active FVG along with an active Continuation OB.
Another personal favorite is the Bearish reversal OB signaling an end to a recent uptrend.
The Trap OB detection are also a unique and Original helpful source of information.
The OB have a white boarder by default that are colored black giving a simulated blinking effect when price is acting in that zone.
The Trap OB border are colored with respect to direction of intended trap, all of which can be customized to personal style.
All vaild OB zones are shown compact in size ,a unique and original view until its no longer valid.
ICT FVG & Swing Detector Basic by Trader RiazICT FVG & Swing Detector Basic by Trader Riaz
Unlock Precision Trading with the Ultimate Fair Value Gap (FVG) and Swing Detection Tool!
Developed by Trader Riaz , the ICT FVG and Swing Detector Basic is a powerful Pine Script indicator designed to help traders identify key market structures with ease. Whether you're a day trader, swing trader, or scalper, this indicator provides actionable insights by detecting Bullish and Bearish Fair Value Gaps (FVGs) and Swing Highs/Lows on any timeframe. Perfect for trading forex, stocks, crypto, and more on TradingView!
Key Features:
1: Bullish and Bearish FVG Detection
- Automatically identifies Bullish FVGs (highlighted in green) and Bearish FVGs (highlighted in red) to spot potential reversal or continuation zones.
- Displays FVGs as shaded boxes with a dashed midline at 70% opacity, making it easy to see the midpoint of the gap for precise entries and exits.
- Labels are placed inside the FVG boxes at the extreme right for clear visibility.
2: Customizable FVG Display
- Control the number of Bullish and Bearish FVGs displayed on the chart with user-defined inputs (fvg_bull_count and fvg_bear_count).
- Toggle the visibility of Bullish and Bearish FVGs with simple checkboxes (show_bull_fvg and show_bear_fvg) to declutter your chart.
3: Swing High and Swing Low Detection
- Detects Swing Highs (blue lines) and Swing Lows (red lines) to identify key market turning points.
- Labels are positioned at the extreme right edge of the lines for better readability and alignment.
- Customize the number of Swing Highs and Lows displayed (swing_high_count and swing_low_count) to focus on the most recent market structures.
4: Fully Customizable Display
- Toggle visibility for Swing Highs and Lows (show_swing_high and show_swing_low) to suit your trading style.
- Adjust the colors of Swing High and Low lines (swing_high_color and swing_low_color) to match your chart preferences.
5: Clean and Efficient Design
- Built with Pine Script v6 for optimal performance on TradingView.
- Automatically removes older FVGs and Swing points when the user-defined count is exceeded, keeping your chart clean and focused.
- Labels are strategically placed to avoid clutter while providing clear information.
Why Use This Indicator?
Precision Trading: Identify high-probability setups with FVGs and Swing points, commonly used in Smart Money Concepts (SMC) and Institutional Trading strategies.
User-Friendly: Easy-to-use inputs allow traders of all levels to customize the indicator to their needs.
Versatile: Works on any market (Forex, Stocks, Crypto, Commodities) and timeframe (1M, 5M, 1H, 4H, Daily, etc.).
Developed by Trader Riaz: Backed by the expertise of Trader Riaz, a seasoned trader dedicated to creating tools that empower the TradingView community.
How to Use:
- Add the Custom FVG and Swing Detector to your chart on TradingView.
- Adjust the input settings to control the number of FVGs and Swing points displayed.
- Toggle visibility for Bullish/Bearish FVGs and Swing Highs/Lows as needed.
- Use the identified FVGs and Swing points to plan your trades, set stop-losses, and target key levels.
Ideal For:
- Traders using Smart Money Concepts (SMC), Price Action, or Market Structure strategies.
- Those looking to identify liquidity grabs, imbalances, and trend reversals.
- Beginners and advanced traders seeking a reliable tool to enhance their technical analysis.
Happy trading!
Auto TrendLines [TradingFinder] Support Resistance Signal Alerts🔵 Introduction
The trendline is one of the most essential tools in technical analysis, widely used in financial markets such as Forex, cryptocurrency, and stocks. A trendline is a straight line that connects swing highs or swing lows and visually indicates the market’s trend direction.
Traders use trendlines to identify price structure, the strength of buyers and sellers, dynamic support and resistance zones, and optimal entry and exit points.
In technical analysis, trendlines are typically classified into three categories: uptrend lines (drawn by connecting higher lows), downtrend lines (formed by connecting lower highs), and sideways trends (moving horizontally). A valid trendline usually requires at least three confirmed touchpoints to be considered reliable for trading decisions.
Trendlines can serve as the foundation for a variety of trading strategies, such as the trendline bounce strategy, valid breakout setups, and confluence-based analysis with other tools like candlestick patterns, divergences, moving averages, and Fibonacci levels.
Additionally, trendlines are categorized into internal and external, and further into major and minor levels, each serving unique roles in market structure analysis.
🔵 How to Use
Trendlines are a key component in technical analysis, used to identify market direction, define dynamic support and resistance zones, highlight strategic entry and exit points, and manage risk. For a trendline to be reliable, it must be drawn based on structural principles—not by simply connecting two arbitrary points.
🟣 Selecting Pivot Types Based on Trend Direction
The first step is to determine the market trend: uptrend, downtrend, or sideways.
Then, choose pivot points that match the trend type :
In an uptrend, trendlines are drawn by connecting low pivots, especially higher lows.
In a downtrend, trendlines are formed by connecting high pivots, specifically lower highs.
It is crucial to connect pivots of the same type and structure to ensure the trendline is valid and analytically sound.
🟣 Pivot Classification
This indicator automatically classifies pivot points into two categories :
Major Pivots :
MLL : Major Lower Low
MHL : Major Higher Low
MHH : Major Higher High
MLH : Major Lower High
These define the primary structure of the market and are typically used in broader structural analysis.
Minor Pivots :
mLL: minor Lower Low
mHL: minor Higher Low
mHH: minor Higher High
mLH: minor Lower High
These are used for drawing more precise trendlines within corrective waves or internal price movements.
Example : In a downtrend, drawing a trendline from an MHH to an mHH creates structural inconsistency and introduces noise. Instead, connect points like MHL to MHL or mLH to mLH for a valid trendline.
🟣 Drawing High-Precision Trendlines
To ensure a reliable trendline :
Use pivots of the same classification (Major with Major or Minor with Minor).
Ensure at least three valid contact points (three touches = structural confirmation).
Draw through candles with the least deviation (choose wicks or bodies based on confluence).
Preferably draw from right to left for better alignment with current market behavior.
Use parallel lines to turn a single trendline into a trendline zone, if needed.
🟣 Using Trendlines for Trade Entries
Bounce Entry: When price approaches the trendline and shows signs of reversal (e.g., a reversal candle, divergence, or support/resistance), enter in the direction of the trend with a logical stop-loss.
Breakout Entry: When price breaks through the trendline with strong momentum and a confirmation (such as a retest or break of structure), consider trading in the direction of the breakout.
🟣 Trendline-Based Risk Management
For bounce entries, the stop-loss is placed below the trendline or the last pivot low (in an uptrend).
For breakout entries, the stop-loss is set behind the breakout candle or the last structural level.
A broken trendline can also act as an exit signal from a trade.
🟣 Combining Trendlines with Other Tools (Confluence)
Trendlines gain much more strength when used alongside other analytical tools :
Horizontal support and resistance levels
Moving averages (such as EMA 50 or EMA 200)
Fibonacci retracement zones
Candlestick patterns (e.g., Engulfing, Pin Bar)
RSI or MACD divergences
Market structure breaks (BoS / ChoCH)
🔵 Settings
Pivot Period : This defines how sensitive the pivot detection is. A higher number means the algorithm will identify more significant pivot points, resulting in longer-term trendlines.
Alerts
Alert :
Enable or disable the entire alert system
Set a custom alert name
Choose how often alerts trigger (every time, once per bar, or on bar close)
Select the time zone for alert timestamps (e.g., UTC)
Each trendline type supports two alert types :
Break Alert : Triggered when price breaks the trendline
React Alert : Triggered when price reacts or bounces off the trendline
These alerts can be independently enabled or disabled for all trendline categories (Major/Minor, Internal/External, Up/Down).
Display :
For each of the eight trendline types, you can control :
Whether to show or hide the line
Whether to delete the previous line when a new one is drawn
Color, line style (solid, dashed, dotted), extension direction (e.g., right only), and width
Major lines are typically thicker and more opaque, while minor lines appear thinner and more transparent.
All settings are designed to give the user full control over the appearance, behavior, and alert system of the indicator, without requiring manual drawing or adjustments.
🔵 Conclusion
A trendline is more than just a line on the chart—it is a structural, strategic, and flexible tool in technical analysis that can serve as the foundation for understanding price behavior and making trading decisions. Whether in trending markets or during corrections, trendlines help traders identify market direction, key zones, and high-potential entry and exit points with precision.
The accuracy and effectiveness of a trendline depend on using structurally valid pivot points and adhering to proper market logic, rather than relying on guesswork or personal bias.
This indicator is built to solve that exact problem. It automatically detects and draws multiple types of trendlines based on actual price structure, separating them into Major/Minor and Internal/External categories, and respecting professional analytical principles such as pivot type, trend direction, and structural location.