A log contract, first introduced by Neuberger (1994) and Neuberger (1996), is not strictly an option. It is, however, an important building block in volatility derivatives (see Chapter 6 as well as Demeterfi, Derman, Kamal, and Zou, 1999). The payoff from a log contract at maturity T is simply the natural logarithm of the underlying asset divided by the strike...
A log option introduced by Wilmott (2000) has a payoff at maturity equal to max(log(S/X), 0), which is basically an option on the rate of return on the underlying asset with strike log(X). The value of a log option is given by: (via "The Complete Guide to Option Pricing Formulas") e^−rT * n(d2)σ√(T − t) + e^−rT*(log(S/K) + (b −σ^2/2)T) * N(d2) where N(*) is...
This study shows the prediction interval as Bollinger Bands using Student's T-distribution. This means that the bands will be wider when the data features higher variation, as well as when the sample size (in the form of length) is smaller. The bands will also be wider when the confidence level is lower. The opposite is also true. Assuming we set a confidence...
This script shows both the Bollinger Band Width(BBW) and %B on the same indicator window. Both the BBW and %B are introduced by John Bollinger(creator of Bollinger Bands) in 2010. Default Parameter values: Length = 20, Source = Close, Mult = 2 Bollinger Bands Width (BBW): Color = (Default: Green ) - I consider stocks with "BBW >= 4" are at a volatile...
A log contract, first introduced by Neuberger (1994) and Neuberger (1996), is not strictly an option. It is, however, an important building block in volatility derivatives (see Chapter 6 as well as Demeterfi, Derman, Kamal, and Zou, 1999). The payoff from a log contract at maturity T is simply the natural logarithm of the underlying asset divided by the strike...
At maturity, a powered call option pays off max(S - X, 0)^i and a put pays off max(X - S, 0)^i . Esser (2003 describes how to value these options (see also Jarrow and Turnbull, 1996, Brockhaus, Ferraris, Gallus, Long, Martin, and Overhaus, 1999). (via "The Complete Guide to Option Pricing Formulas") b=r options on non-dividend paying stock b=r-q options on...
Power options can lead to very high leverage and thus entail potentially very large losses for short positions in these options. It is therefore common to cap the payoff. The maximum payoff is set to some predefined level C. The payoff at maturity for a capped power call is min . Esser (2003) gives the closed-form solution: (via "The Complete Guide to Option...
Standard power options (aka asymmetric power options) have nonlinear payoff at maturity. For a call, the payoff is max(S^i - X, 0), and for a put, it is max(X - S^i , 0), where i is some power (i > 0). The value of this power call is given by (see Heynen and Kat, 1996c; Zhang, 1998; and Esser, 2003). (via "The Complete Guide to Option Pricing Formulas") c = S^i...
There are two main categories of power options. Standard power options' payoff depends on the price of the underlying asset raised to some power. For powered options, the "standard" payoff (stock price in excess of the exercise price) is raised to some power. A power contract is a simple derivative instrument paying (S/ X)^i at maturity, where i is some fixed...
This script allows you to monitor several Forex Indices Volatility.
A moneyness option is basically a plain vanilla option where the strike is set to a percentage of the future/forward price. For example, a 120% moneyness call would have a strike equal to 120% of the forward price. A 120% moneyness put would have a spot equal to 120% of the strike. The value of this option is given in percent of the forward. The value of a...
this scrip is modified of Performance Table () of TradingView user @BeeHolder = Thank u very much. - @BeeHolder formula is based on daily basis, but my calculation is based on respective day, week and month. - The formula of the calculation is (Current Close - Previous Close) * 100 / Previous Close, where Past value is: 1D = close 1 day before 5D = close 5 day...
A forward start option with time to maturity T starts at-the-money or proportionally in- or out-of-the-money after a known elapsed time t in the future. The strike is set equal to a positive constant a times the asset price S after the known time t. If a is less than unity, the call (put) will start 1 - a percent in-the-money (out-of-the- money); if a is unity,...
The Jennergren and Naslund (1993) formula takes into account that an employee or executive often loses her options if she has to leave the company before the option's expiration: (via "The Complete Guide to Option Pricing Formulas") c = e^(-lambda*T) * (Se^((b-r)T) * N(d1) - Xe^-rT * N(d2)) p = e^(-lambda*T) * (Xe^(-rT) * N(-d2) - Se^(b-r)T * N(-d1)) where ...
Handley (2001) describes how to value variable purchase options (VPO). A VPO is basically a call option, but where the number of underlying shares is stochastic rather than fixed, or more precisely, a deterministic function of the asset price. The strike price of a VPO is typically a fixed discount to the underlying share price at maturity. The payoff at maturity...
Crypto-DX can be used to help measure the overall strength and direction of the crypto market trend. Furthermore, it can be used as a screener to find out cryptocurrencies which are accumulating momentum and tends to potentially pump or dump. How this indicator works : If the Crypto-DX cross above the zero-level, it could be an indication that there is a...
Market protraction, as defined by ICT, is a time-specific reoccurring impulse move in forex markets. It is designed for market manipulation and will go in the opposite direction of the following trend. My indicator will add a shape above/below the candle if it fits the time criteria. I recommend to watch: ICT Mentorship Core Content - Month 1 - Impulse Price...
Perpetual American Options is Perpetual American Options pricing model. This indicator also includes numerical greeks. American Perpetual Options While there in general is no closed-form solution for American options (except for non-dividend-paying stock call options) it is possible to find a closed-form solution for options with an infinite time to...