In Malaysia, the Leading Index provides early signal on the direction in which the economy is going. It is calculated based on real money supply M1, Bursa Malaysia industrial index, real total traded (eight major trading partners: Japan, USA, Germany, UK, Singapore, Thailand, China, Canada), CPI for services (inverted), industrial material price index, ratio of price to unit labor cost (manufacturing), number of housing permits approved, number of new companies registered, trend adjustment factor. The index has a base value of 100 as of 2005.