Part 6 Learn Institutional Trading Black-Scholes Model
A widely used formula to calculate option prices using:
Stock price
Strike price
Time to expiry
Volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Greeks
Delta: Measures sensitivity of option price to underlying price changes.
Gamma: Measures delta’s rate of change.
Theta: Measures time decay of option.
Vega: Measures sensitivity to volatility.
Rho: Measures sensitivity to interest rates.
Understanding Greeks is critical for managing risk and strategy adjustments.
Chart Patterns
Part 4 Learn Institutional Trading Advanced Strategies
Straddle: Buy a call and a put at the same strike and expiry to profit from volatility.
Strangle: Buy OTM call and put for cheaper volatility bets.
Spread Strategies: Combine multiple calls or puts to limit risk and reward:
Bull Call Spread: Buy call at lower strike, sell call at higher strike.
Bear Put Spread: Buy put at higher strike, sell put at lower strike.
Iron Condor: Combine calls and puts to profit from low volatility.
Butterfly Spread: Profit from minimal movement around a central strike.
Pricing of Options
Option pricing is influenced by several factors:
Intrinsic Value
The real value if exercised today.
Call option IV = Max(Current Price – Strike, 0)
Put option IV = Max(Strike – Current Price, 0)
Time Value
Extra premium due to time until expiration.
TV = Option Premium – Intrinsic Value
Part 1 Ride The Big Moves Options trading is one of the most versatile tools in financial markets, allowing traders and investors to hedge risk, generate income, and speculate on price movements. While options can seem complex at first, understanding their structure, types, and strategies can make them an invaluable part of your trading toolkit.
What Are Options?
An option is a financial contract that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset (like stocks, indices, or commodities) at a predetermined price within a specific period. Unlike futures or stocks, options provide flexibility and limited risk.
There are two main types of options:
Call Option: Gives the buyer the right to buy the underlying asset at a predetermined price (strike price) before or on the expiration date.
Put Option: Gives the buyer the right to sell the underlying asset at the strike price before or on expiration.
Key terms to understand:
Underlying Asset: The stock, index, commodity, or currency on which the option is based.
Strike Price: The price at which the option can be exercised.
Premium: The price paid to buy the option.
Expiration Date: The date on which the option expires.
In-the-Money (ITM): Options with intrinsic value (profitable if exercised now).
Out-of-the-Money (OTM): Options without intrinsic value (currently unprofitable).
At-the-Money (ATM): Option strike price equals the underlying asset price.
BTC/USDThe BTC/USD trade with an entry price of 109,492, stop-loss at 108,687, and exit price at 111,161 is a short-term buy trade setup designed to capture upward momentum in Bitcoin. The trade aims for a profit of about 1,669 points while risking around 805 points, giving a favorable risk-to-reward ratio of nearly 1:2, which is ideal for consistent trading results.
The entry price at 109,492 is chosen strategically, likely after confirmation of bullish signals such as a bounce from support, a trendline reversal, or indicators like RSI and MACD showing upward momentum. Entering at this level suggests confidence that BTC/USD would rise toward the target zone.
The stop-loss at 108,687 is placed below a nearby support level, ensuring downside protection if the market moves unexpectedly against the trade. This prevents large losses and maintains discipline in risk management.
The exit price at 111,161 is the take-profit target, likely aligned with a resistance zone. Securing profits at this level ensures gains are locked in before any potential pullback.
Overall, this setup highlights disciplined planning, strong technical analysis, and strict risk control, which are essential for trading successfully in the volatile BTC/USD market.
Part 1 Trading Master Class With ExpertsIntermediate Option Strategies
Straddle – Buy Call + Buy Put (same strike/expiry). Best for high volatility.
Strangle – Buy OTM Call + Buy OTM Put. Cheaper than straddle.
Bull Call Spread – Buy lower strike call + Sell higher strike call.
Bear Put Spread – Buy higher strike put + Sell lower strike put.
Advanced Option Strategies
Iron Condor – Sell OTM call + OTM put, hedge with farther strikes. Good for sideways market.
Butterfly Spread – Combination of multiple calls/puts to profit from low volatility.
Calendar Spread – Buy long-term option, sell short-term option (same strike).
Ratio Spread – Sell multiple options against fewer long options.
Hedging with Options
Options aren’t just for speculation; they’re powerful hedging tools.
Portfolio Hedge: If you own a basket of stocks, buying index puts protects against a market crash.
Currency Hedge: Importers/exporters use currency options to lock exchange rates.
Commodity Hedge: Farmers hedge crops using options to lock minimum prices.
Part 1 Support and ResistanceCall and Put Options in Action
Call Option Example
Reliance is trading at ₹2500.
You buy a 1-month call option with strike price ₹2550, premium ₹50, lot size 505.
If Reliance rises to ₹2700 → Profit = (2700 - 2550 - 50) × 505 = ₹50,500.
If Reliance falls below 2550 → You lose only the premium (₹25,250).
Put Option Example
Nifty is at 20,000.
You buy a 1-month put option, strike 19,800, premium 100, lot size 50.
If Nifty falls to 19,200 → Profit = (19,800 - 19,200 - 100) × 50 = ₹25,000.
If Nifty rises above 19,800 → You lose premium (₹5,000).
Participants in Options Trading
Option Buyer – Pays premium, has limited risk and unlimited profit potential.
Option Seller (Writer) – Receives premium, has limited profit and potentially unlimited risk.
Example:
Buyer of call: Unlimited upside, limited loss (premium).
Seller of call: Limited profit (premium), unlimited loss if stock rises.
Divergence SecretsOption Greeks – The Science Behind Pricing
Options pricing is influenced by multiple factors. These sensitivities are known as the Greeks:
Delta – Measures how much option price changes with stock price.
Gamma – Rate of change of Delta.
Theta – Time decay (options lose value daily).
Vega – Sensitivity to volatility.
Rho – Sensitivity to interest rates.
Example: A call option with Delta = 0.6 means for every ₹10 rise in stock, option premium increases by ₹6.
Basic Option Strategies (Beginner Level)
Buying Calls – Bullish bet.
Buying Puts – Bearish bet.
Covered Call – Hold stock + sell call for extra income.
Protective Put – Own stock + buy put for downside insurance.
Option Trading 1. Introduction to Options Trading
Options trading is one of the most powerful tools in the financial markets. Unlike traditional stock trading, where you buy or sell shares directly, options allow you to control an asset without owning it outright. This gives traders flexibility, leverage, and a wide range of strategies for both profits and risk management.
At its core, an option is a contract that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a specific price (called the strike price) on or before a certain date (the expiration date).
The beauty of options lies in choice: you can profit whether markets are rising, falling, or even staying flat—if you know how to use them.
2. What is an Option?
An option is a derivative instrument, meaning its value is derived from the price of another asset (the “underlying”), such as:
Stocks (e.g., Reliance, Apple)
Indexes (e.g., Nifty, S&P 500)
Commodities (e.g., Gold, Oil)
Currencies
Two Main Types of Options:
Call Option – Gives the right to buy the underlying asset.
Put Option – Gives the right to sell the underlying asset.
Example:
A call option on Reliance with a strike price of ₹2500 expiring in one month gives you the right (not the obligation) to buy Reliance shares at ₹2500, regardless of the market price.
A put option with a strike of ₹2500 gives you the right to sell at ₹2500.
XAU/USDThis XAU/USD setup is a sell trade, reflecting a short-term bearish outlook on gold prices. The entry price is 3367, the stop-loss is 3372, and the exit price is 3356. This trade aims for an 11-point profit while risking 5 points, providing a favorable risk-to-reward ratio of better than 2:1.
Selling at 3367 suggests the trader expects downward momentum, possibly triggered by strength in the U.S. dollar, firmer Treasury yields, or reduced safe-haven demand. The level may also align with a resistance zone, where selling pressure is likely to build, signaling an opportunity to enter a short position.
The target at 3356 is strategically set near a support zone to secure profits before potential buyers step back in. On the other hand, the stop-loss at 3372 ensures losses remain limited if gold unexpectedly pushes higher.
This setup favors intraday traders seeking disciplined execution with controlled risk and strong reward potential.
Observing Charts Smarter: Learning Price Action Made EasyIn this video, I share how simple trading observations and “talking to the charts” can improve your understanding of price action and trade movements. By reviewing Apollo’s chart, we explore how breakout patterns, retracements, and higher highs unfold in real time. The goal is not prediction, but sharpening your ability to read market structure, avoid wrong entries, and reduce big drawdowns—ultimately helping you become a more disciplined trader.
Part 6 Learn Institutional TradingOptions in Indian Markets
In India, options are traded on NSE and BSE, primarily on:
Index Options: Nifty, Bank Nifty (most liquid).
Stock Options: Reliance, TCS, Infosys, etc.
Weekly Expiry: Every Thursday (Nifty/Bank Nifty).
Lot Sizes: Fixed by exchanges (e.g., Nifty = 50 units).
Practical Example – Nifty Options Trade
Scenario:
Nifty at 20,000.
You expect big movement after RBI policy.
Strategy: Buy straddle (20,000 call + 20,000 put).
Cost = ₹200 (call) + ₹180 (put) = ₹380 × 50 = ₹19,000.
If Nifty moves to 20,800 → Call worth ₹800, Put worthless. Profit = ₹21,000.
If Nifty stays at 20,000 → Both expire worthless. Loss = ₹19,000.
Option Trading Psychology
Patience: Many options expire worthless, don’t chase every trade.
Discipline: Stick to stop-loss and position sizing.
Avoid Greed: Sellers earn small consistent income but risk blow-up if careless.
Stay Informed: News, earnings, and events impact volatility.
Part 3 Learn Institutional TradingOption Greeks – The Science Behind Pricing
Options pricing is influenced by multiple factors. These sensitivities are known as the Greeks:
Delta – Measures how much option price changes with stock price.
Gamma – Rate of change of Delta.
Theta – Time decay (options lose value daily).
Vega – Sensitivity to volatility.
Rho – Sensitivity to interest rates.
Example: A call option with Delta = 0.6 means for every ₹10 rise in stock, option premium increases by ₹6.
Basic Option Strategies (Beginner Level)
Buying Calls – Bullish bet.
Buying Puts – Bearish bet.
Covered Call – Hold stock + sell call for extra income.
Protective Put – Own stock + buy put for downside insurance.
Part 1 Ride The Big Moves Call and Put Options in Action
Call Option Example
Reliance is trading at ₹2500.
You buy a 1-month call option with strike price ₹2550, premium ₹50, lot size 505.
If Reliance rises to ₹2700 → Profit = (2700 - 2550 - 50) × 505 = ₹50,500.
If Reliance falls below 2550 → You lose only the premium (₹25,250).
Put Option Example
Nifty is at 20,000.
You buy a 1-month put option, strike 19,800, premium 100, lot size 50.
If Nifty falls to 19,200 → Profit = (19,800 - 19,200 - 100) × 50 = ₹25,000.
If Nifty rises above 19,800 → You lose premium (₹5,000).
Participants in Options Trading
Option Buyer – Pays premium, has limited risk and unlimited profit potential.
Option Seller (Writer) – Receives premium, has limited profit and potentially unlimited risk.
Example:
Buyer of call: Unlimited upside, limited loss (premium).
Seller of call: Limited profit (premium), unlimited loss if stock rises.
Part 2 Master Candlestick PatternKey Terms in Options Trading
Before diving into strategies, let’s master some core concepts:
Underlying Asset: The stock/index/commodity on which the option is based.
Strike Price: The price at which the option can be exercised.
Expiration Date: The date on which the option contract ends.
Premium: The price paid by the option buyer to the seller (writer) for the contract.
In-the-Money (ITM): Option has intrinsic value (profitable if exercised).
At-the-Money (ATM): Underlying price = Strike price.
Out-of-the-Money (OTM): Option has no intrinsic value yet (not profitable to exercise).
Lot Size: Options are traded in lots (e.g., Nifty option has a fixed lot of 50 units).
Leverage: Options allow control of large positions with smaller capital.
How Options Work
Options are like insurance. Imagine you own a house worth ₹50 lakh and buy insurance. You pay a small premium so that if the house burns down, you can recover your value. Similarly:
A call option is like paying for the right to buy a stock cheaper later.
A put option is like insurance against stock prices falling.
Part 1 Master Candlestick PatternIntroduction to Options Trading
Options trading is one of the most powerful tools in the financial markets. Unlike traditional stock trading, where you buy or sell shares directly, options allow you to control an asset without owning it outright. This gives traders flexibility, leverage, and a wide range of strategies for both profits and risk management.
At its core, an option is a contract that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a specific price (called the strike price) on or before a certain date (the expiration date).
The beauty of options lies in choice: you can profit whether markets are rising, falling, or even staying flat—if you know how to use them.
What is an Option?
An option is a derivative instrument, meaning its value is derived from the price of another asset (the “underlying”), such as:
Stocks (e.g., Reliance, Apple)
Indexes (e.g., Nifty, S&P 500)
Commodities (e.g., Gold, Oil)
Currencies
Two Main Types of Options:
Call Option – Gives the right to buy the underlying asset.
Put Option – Gives the right to sell the underlying asset.
Example:
A call option on Reliance with a strike price of ₹2500 expiring in one month gives you the right (not the obligation) to buy Reliance shares at ₹2500, regardless of the market price.
A put option with a strike of ₹2500 gives you the right to sell at ₹2500.
BTC/USDThe BTC/USD trade with an entry price of 114,895, stop-loss at 115,259, and exit price at 114,176 is a short-term sell trade setup focused on capturing a downward move in Bitcoin. The potential profit from this trade is around 719 points, while the risk is limited to roughly 364 points, offering a favorable risk-to-reward ratio of about 1:2.
The entry price at 114,895 suggests the trade was initiated near a resistance zone where price showed weakness or bearish rejection. Traders often look for confirmation signals such as candlestick patterns, RSI overbought levels, or MACD crossovers before entering a sell position at such levels.
The stop-loss at 115,259 is placed just above resistance, ensuring that if the market moves upward unexpectedly, losses are capped.
The exit price at 114,176 serves as the take-profit target, positioned near a support level to secure gains before any reversal.
This setup reflects disciplined BTC/USD trading by combining technical signals, strict risk control, and a well-defined profit objective.
Part3 Trading MasterclassOption Trading vs Stock Trading
Stocks = Ownership, long-term growth, dividends.
Options = Contracts, leverage, flexible strategies.
Stocks = Simpler, but capital-intensive.
Options = Complex, but require less capital and offer hedging.
For example:
Buying 100 shares of Reliance at ₹2500 = ₹2,50,000.
Buying 1 call option of Reliance at ₹100 premium with lot size 250 = only ₹25,000.
This leverage makes options attractive—but also riskier.
Real-Life Examples & Case Studies
Case 1: Bull Market
A trader buys Nifty 20000 Call at ₹200 premium. Nifty rallies to 20500. Profit = ₹300 (500 – 200). Huge return on a small premium.
Case 2: Bear Market
Investor holds TCS shares but fears a fall. Buys a protective put. When stock drops, put increases in value, reducing losses.
Case 3: Neutral Market
Trader sells an Iron Condor on Bank Nifty, betting price will stay range-bound. Premium collected = profit if market stays sideways.
Part 1 Trading MasterclassRisks & Rewards in Option Trading
Option trading can be thrilling, but it’s not without risks.
For Buyers:
Maximum loss = premium paid.
Maximum profit = potentially unlimited (for calls) or huge (for puts).
For Sellers:
Maximum gain = premium received.
Maximum loss = unlimited (for calls) or very large (for puts).
Risks also come from:
Time decay (options lose value daily).
Volatility crush (sudden drop in implied volatility can reduce premiums).
Liquidity issues (wide bid-ask spreads can hurt execution).
That’s why risk management (stop-losses, proper sizing, hedging) is crucial.
Option Trading vs Stock Trading
Stocks = Ownership, long-term growth, dividends.
Options = Contracts, leverage, flexible strategies.
Stocks = Simpler, but capital-intensive.
Options = Complex, but require less capital and offer hedging.
For example:
Buying 100 shares of Reliance at ₹2500 = ₹2,50,000.
Buying 1 call option of Reliance at ₹100 premium with lot size 250 = only ₹25,000.
This leverage makes options attractive—but also riskier.
Divergence SecretsRisks & Rewards in Option Trading
Option trading can be thrilling, but it’s not without risks.
For Buyers:
Maximum loss = premium paid.
Maximum profit = potentially unlimited (for calls) or huge (for puts).
For Sellers:
Maximum gain = premium received.
Maximum loss = unlimited (for calls) or very large (for puts).
Risks also come from:
Time decay (options lose value daily).
Volatility crush (sudden drop in implied volatility can reduce premiums).
Liquidity issues (wide bid-ask spreads can hurt execution).
That’s why risk management (stop-losses, proper sizing, hedging) is crucial.
Option Trading vs Stock Trading
Stocks = Ownership, long-term growth, dividends.
Options = Contracts, leverage, flexible strategies.
Stocks = Simpler, but capital-intensive.
Options = Complex, but require less capital and offer hedging.
For example:
Buying 100 shares of Reliance at ₹2500 = ₹2,50,000.
Buying 1 call option of Reliance at ₹100 premium with lot size 250 = only ₹25,000.
This leverage makes options attractive—but also riskier.
Option Trading Option Pricing & The Greeks
Options are not priced randomly. Their value comes from several factors:
Intrinsic Value: The real, tangible value (difference between stock price and strike).
Time Value: Extra premium paid for the possibility of future movement.
Volatility: The higher the uncertainty, the higher the option premium.
Option Greeks – the essential toolkit:
Delta – Measures how much an option’s price changes with a change in stock price. (Think: sensitivity to price).
Gamma – Measures how much Delta itself changes.
Theta – Time decay. Shows how much an option loses value each day as expiration approaches.
Vega – Sensitivity to volatility. Higher volatility = higher option price.
Rho – Sensitivity to interest rates (less relevant for short-term traders).
Understanding Greeks is like knowing the gears of a car—they help control risk.
Option Trading Strategies
Here’s where things get exciting. Options are like Lego blocks—you can combine them in different ways to create powerful strategies.
A. Basic Strategies
Buying Calls – Bullish bet.
Buying Puts – Bearish bet.
Covered Call – Holding a stock and selling calls to earn income.
Protective Put – Owning stock and buying puts to insure against loss.
B. Intermediate Strategies
Straddle – Buy a call + put at same strike, betting on big movement (either direction).
Strangle – Similar to straddle but different strikes, cheaper.
Bull Call Spread – Buy one call, sell a higher strike call. Profits capped but cheaper.
Bear Put Spread – Buy a put, sell lower strike put.
C. Advanced Strategies
Iron Condor – Selling an OTM call spread + OTM put spread, betting on low volatility.
Butterfly Spread – Combining multiple options to profit if stock stays near a target price.
Calendar Spread – Exploiting time decay by selling short-term and buying long-term options.
Each strategy has a risk-reward profile and works best in specific market conditions.
PCR Trading StrategyHow Options Work
Let’s break it down simply:
If you buy a call, you are betting that the price of the stock will go up.
If you buy a put, you are betting that the price of the stock will go down.
If you sell (write) a call, you are taking the opposite bet—that the stock won’t rise much.
If you sell (write) a put, you are betting that the stock won’t fall much.
Here’s a quick example:
Stock XYZ trades at ₹100.
You buy a 1-month call option with a strike price of ₹105 by paying a ₹5 premium.
If the stock rises to ₹120, your option is worth ₹15 (120 – 105). Since you paid ₹5, your profit = ₹10.
If the stock stays below ₹105, the option expires worthless, and you lose your premium of ₹5.
This example shows that options can magnify profits if you’re right, but they can also cause losses (limited to the premium paid for buyers, unlimited for sellers).
Types of Options
A. Call Options
Right to buy.
Used when you expect prices to rise.
Buyers have limited risk (premium) but unlimited upside.
Sellers (writers) have limited gain (premium received) but unlimited risk.
B. Put Options
Right to sell.
Used when you expect prices to fall.
Buyers have limited risk but big upside if stock falls sharply.
Sellers have limited gain (premium) but large risk if stock collapses.
Part 2 Support and ResistanceHow Options Work
Let’s break it down simply:
If you buy a call, you are betting that the price of the stock will go up.
If you buy a put, you are betting that the price of the stock will go down.
If you sell (write) a call, you are taking the opposite bet—that the stock won’t rise much.
If you sell (write) a put, you are betting that the stock won’t fall much.
Here’s a quick example:
Stock XYZ trades at ₹100.
You buy a 1-month call option with a strike price of ₹105 by paying a ₹5 premium.
If the stock rises to ₹120, your option is worth ₹15 (120 – 105). Since you paid ₹5, your profit = ₹10.
If the stock stays below ₹105, the option expires worthless, and you lose your premium of ₹5.
This example shows that options can magnify profits if you’re right, but they can also cause losses (limited to the premium paid for buyers, unlimited for sellers).
Types of Options
A. Call Options
Right to buy.
Used when you expect prices to rise.
Buyers have limited risk (premium) but unlimited upside.
Sellers (writers) have limited gain (premium received) but unlimited risk.
B. Put Options
Right to sell.
Used when you expect prices to fall.
Buyers have limited risk but big upside if stock falls sharply.
Sellers have limited gain (premium) but large risk if stock collapses.






















