Part 1 Ride The Big MovesIntroduction to Options Trading
Options trading is a dynamic segment of the financial markets that allows investors to hedge risk, speculate on price movements, and enhance returns. Unlike stocks, which represent ownership in a company, options are financial derivatives—contracts whose value is derived from an underlying asset, such as stocks, indices, commodities, or currencies. By offering flexibility and leverage, options have become a popular tool for both professional traders and retail investors.
What Are Options?
An option is a contract that gives the buyer the right—but not the obligation—to buy or sell an underlying asset at a predetermined price, called the strike price, before or on a specific date known as the expiration date. The seller, or writer, of the option has the obligation to fulfill the contract if the buyer chooses to exercise it.
There are two main types of options:
Call Options – These give the holder the right to buy the underlying asset at the strike price. Investors purchase call options when they expect the price of the underlying asset to rise.
Put Options – These give the holder the right to sell the underlying asset at the strike price. Investors buy put options when they expect the price of the underlying asset to fall.
Key Terms in Options Trading
Understanding options requires familiarity with some key concepts:
Premium: The price paid by the buyer to the seller for the option. This is influenced by factors like the underlying asset price, strike price, time to expiration, volatility, and interest rates.
Strike Price: The price at which the buyer can buy (call) or sell (put) the underlying asset.
Expiration Date: The date on which the option expires. After this, the option becomes worthless if not exercised.
In-the-Money (ITM): A call option is ITM if the underlying price is above the strike price, and a put option is ITM if the underlying price is below the strike price.
Out-of-the-Money (OTM): A call option is OTM if the underlying price is below the strike price, and a put option is OTM if it’s above the strike price.
At-the-Money (ATM): When the underlying price is equal to the strike price.
Chart Patterns
Option Trading 1. Introduction to Options
In the world of financial markets, investors and traders are always looking for instruments that allow them flexibility, leverage, and opportunities to manage risks. One of the most popular derivatives that provide such opportunities is options trading.
An option is a financial contract between two parties: a buyer and a seller. The buyer of the option gets the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset (like stocks, indices, or commodities) at a predetermined price within a specified time. The seller (also called the option writer) has the obligation to fulfill the contract if the buyer decides to exercise it.
This feature—right without obligation—is what makes options unique compared to other financial instruments.
2. Basic Terminology
Before diving deeper, let’s clarify some key terms:
Call Option: Gives the buyer the right to buy the underlying asset at a fixed price (strike price).
Put Option: Gives the buyer the right to sell the underlying asset at a fixed price.
Strike Price: The pre-agreed price at which the buyer can buy or sell the underlying.
Premium: The cost paid by the option buyer to the seller for the right.
Expiration Date: The last date the option is valid.
In the Money (ITM): When exercising the option is profitable (e.g., stock price above strike for calls, below strike for puts).
Out of the Money (OTM): When exercising leads to a loss, so the buyer won’t exercise.
At the Money (ATM): When the stock price is very close to the strike price.
3. How Options Work – An Example
Suppose stock ABC Ltd. is trading at ₹100.
You expect the stock to rise.
You buy a Call Option with a strike price of ₹105 for a premium of ₹3, expiring in one month.
Scenario 1: Stock rises to ₹115
You exercise your right to buy at ₹105 and immediately sell at ₹115.
Profit = (115 – 105) – 3 = ₹7 per share.
Scenario 2: Stock stays at ₹100
Buying at ₹105 makes no sense, so you let the option expire.
Loss = premium paid = ₹3.
This shows the limited loss (premium only) but unlimited profit potential for an option buyer.
4. Types of Options Trading Participants
There are broadly four categories:
Call Buyers – bullish traders expecting price rise.
Put Buyers – bearish traders expecting price fall.
Call Sellers – take opposite side of call buyers, hoping price stays flat or falls.
Put Sellers – take opposite side of put buyers, hoping price stays flat or rises.
Buyers take on risk by paying premiums, while sellers assume obligations but earn premiums upfront.
DRREDDY–Weekly Chart AnalysisThe stock is currently trading near ₹1,322 and is once again testing the long-term descending trendline resistance that has capped every rally since 2023. This resistance lies in the ₹1,345–₹1,348 zone and represents the key decision point for the next move.
Bullish Scenario (if breakout holds)
First method of calculation: ₹1,379.70, 1398.25, 1415-1421 → derived from prior swing highs.
Second method : ₹1,705→ based on a range of neckline to head of inverted head & shoulder. This is not a valid setup.
Third method : ₹1,472, 1,530, 1585→ calculated as fib extension levels.
Bearish Scenario (if rejection occurs)
Support: ₹1284, 1245, 1200 as immediate downside levels.
Momentum
RSI is around 58, showing a bullish curve without overbought conditions, suggesting momentum supports an upside breakout.
Divergence Secrets1. Basic Option Trading Strategies
These are simple, beginner-friendly strategies where risks are limited and easy to understand.
1.1 Covered Call
How it Works: You own 100 shares of a stock and sell a call option against it.
Goal: Earn income (premium) while holding stock.
Best When: You expect the stock to stay flat or slightly rise.
Risk: If stock rises too much, you must sell at the strike price.
Example: You own Infosys at ₹1,500. You sell a call at strike ₹1,600 for premium ₹20. If Infosys stays below ₹1,600, you keep the premium.
1.2 Protective Put
How it Works: You buy a put option to protect a stock you own.
Goal: Hedge downside risk.
Best When: You fear a market drop but don’t want to sell.
Example: You own TCS at ₹3,500. You buy a put with strike ₹3,400. If TCS falls to ₹3,200, your stock loses ₹300, but the put gains.
1.3 Cash-Secured Put
How it Works: You sell a put option while holding enough cash to buy the stock if assigned.
Goal: Earn premium and possibly buy stock at a discount.
Best When: You’re okay owning the stock at a lower price.
2. Intermediate Strategies
Now we step into strategies combining multiple options.
2.1 Vertical Spreads
These involve buying one option and selling another of the same type (call/put) with different strikes but same expiry.
(a) Bull Call Spread
Buy lower strike call, sell higher strike call.
Limited risk, limited profit.
Best when moderately bullish.
(b) Bear Put Spread
Buy higher strike put, sell lower strike put.
Best when moderately bearish.
2.2 Calendar Spread
Buy a long-term option and sell a short-term option at the same strike.
Profits if stock stays near strike as short-term option loses value faster.
2.3 Diagonal Spread
Like a calendar, but strikes are different.
Offers flexibility in adjusting for trend + time.
3. Advanced Option Trading Strategies
These are for experienced traders who understand volatility and time decay deeply.
3.1 Straddle
Buy one call and one put at same strike, same expiry.
Profits if the stock makes a big move in either direction.
Best before major events (earnings, policy announcements).
Risk: If stock stays flat, you lose premium.
3.2 Strangle
Similar to straddle, but strike prices are different.
Cheaper, but requires larger move.
3.3 Iron Condor
Sell an out-of-the-money call spread and put spread.
Profits if stock stays within a range.
Great for low-volatility environments.
3.4 Butterfly Spread
Combination of calls (or puts) where profit peaks at a middle strike.
Limited risk, limited reward.
Best when expecting very little movement.
3.5 Ratio Spreads
Sell more options than you buy (like 2 short calls, 1 long call).
Higher potential reward, but can be risky if stock trends too far.
PCR Trading StrategiesIntroduction
Options are among the most fascinating tools in the financial markets. Unlike regular stock trading, where you simply buy or sell shares, options allow you to control risk, leverage your money, and design strategies that profit in multiple market conditions—whether the market goes up, down, or even stays flat.
But here’s the catch: options can be confusing at first. Many beginners look at terms like strike price, premium, Greeks, spreads, and quickly feel overwhelmed. That’s why the key to mastering options is not memorizing definitions but understanding how strategies work in different situations.
This guide takes you step by step, from the basics to advanced strategies, with real-world logic and human-friendly explanations. By the end, you’ll not only know the common option strategies but also when and why traders use them.
1. The Foundations of Options Trading
1.1 What is an Option?
An option is a contract that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a certain price within a certain time frame.
Call Option: Right to buy an asset at a set price (strike price).
Put Option: Right to sell an asset at a set price.
Example: Suppose Reliance stock is at ₹2,500. You buy a call option with strike price ₹2,600 expiring in one month. If Reliance goes to ₹2,700, your option becomes valuable, because you can buy at ₹2,600 when the market price is ₹2,700.
1.2 Key Terms
Strike Price: The price at which you can buy/sell.
Premium: The cost of the option.
Expiration Date: The last date the option is valid.
In the Money (ITM): Option already has value.
Out of the Money (OTM): Option has no intrinsic value yet.
1.3 Why Use Options?
Hedging: Protect your portfolio from risk.
Speculation: Bet on market direction with less money.
Income: Earn regular premiums by selling options.
2. The Core Building Blocks
Before strategies, let’s understand what influences an option’s price:
2.1 Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Value
Intrinsic Value: The real value if exercised now.
Extrinsic Value: The time and volatility premium.
Example: Nifty at 20,000. A call with strike 19,800 has intrinsic value = 200. If premium is 250, then 200 is intrinsic, 50 is extrinsic.
2.2 Time Decay (Theta)
Options lose value as they approach expiry. This is why sellers often make money if the stock doesn’t move much.
2.3 Volatility (Vega)
Higher volatility increases option premiums. Ahead of big events like earnings, option prices rise. After the event, prices usually drop (called volatility crush).
Part 2 Candle Stick Pattern 1. Types of Options
Options are classified based on the right they provide and the market they trade in.
1. Based on Rights
Call Option: Right to buy.
Put Option: Right to sell.
2. Based on Market
American Options: Can be exercised anytime before expiry.
European Options: Can only be exercised on the expiry date.
3. Based on Underlying Asset
Equity Options: Based on individual stocks.
Index Options: Based on stock indices like Nifty 50.
Commodity Options: Based on commodities like gold, oil, or wheat.
Currency Options: Based on forex pairs.
2. Options Pricing
Option prices (premium) are determined using complex models like the Black-Scholes model, but in simple terms, two main components matter:
Intrinsic Value: Profit potential if exercised now.
Time Value: Extra cost reflecting time until expiry and market volatility.
Example:
If a stock trades at ₹120 and a call option strike is ₹100, intrinsic value = ₹20. Premium may be ₹25, meaning time value = ₹5.
3. Options Trading Strategies
Options allow traders to adopt different strategies depending on market outlook:
A. Basic Strategies
Long Call: Buy call, bet on rising prices.
Long Put: Buy put, bet on falling prices.
Covered Call: Own the stock and sell call to earn premium.
Protective Put: Own the stock and buy a put for protection.
B. Advanced Strategies
Straddle: Buy call and put at the same strike price—profit from high volatility.
Strangle: Buy call and put with different strike prices—cheaper than straddle.
Spread: Combine buying and selling options to reduce risk.
Bull Call Spread
Bear Put Spread
Iron Condor: Sell OTM call and put, buy further OTM options—profit in sideways markets.
4. Risks in Options Trading
Options can be profitable, but they carry risks:
Time Decay (Theta): Options lose value as expiry approaches.
Volatility Risk (Vega): Lower volatility can reduce option premiums.
Unlimited Losses: Writing naked calls can be very risky.
Complexity Risk: Advanced strategies require careful understanding.
Liquidity Risk: Some options may be hard to sell before expiry.
5. Tips for Beginners
Start Small: Trade with a small portion of capital.
Understand the Greeks: Learn Delta, Theta, Vega, and Gamma for managing risk.
Paper Trading: Practice in simulation before using real money.
Stick to Simple Strategies: Start with basic calls and puts.
Manage Risk: Always define maximum loss and use stop-loss if needed.
Focus on Education: Read, attend webinars, and follow market news.
Part 1 Candle Stick Pattern 1. What Are Options?
An option is a financial contract that gives the buyer the right—but not the obligation—to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price on or before a specific date.
Think of it as a ticket to make a transaction in the future. You can choose to use the ticket if it benefits you, or ignore it if it doesn’t.
Call Option: Gives the right to buy an asset.
Put Option: Gives the right to sell an asset.
Example:
Imagine a stock of ABC Ltd. is trading at ₹100. You buy a call option with a strike price of ₹110, expiring in one month. If the stock rises to ₹120, you can exercise your option and buy at ₹110, making a profit. If it doesn’t rise above ₹110, you simply let the option expire.
2. Key Terms in Options Trading
Understanding the terminology is crucial in options trading. Here are the main terms:
Strike Price (Exercise Price): The price at which the underlying asset can be bought (call) or sold (put).
Premium: The price paid to buy the option. Think of it as the cost of the “ticket.”
Expiry Date: The last day the option can be exercised.
In the Money (ITM): When exercising the option would be profitable.
Out of the Money (OTM): When exercising the option would not be profitable.
At the Money (ATM): When the strike price is equal to the current market price.
Underlying Asset: The stock, index, commodity, or currency the option is based on.
Example:
If you buy a call option for XYZ stock at a strike price of ₹50, and the stock rises to ₹60, the option is ITM. If the stock stays at ₹45, the option is OTM.
3. How Options Work
Options can be exercised, sold, or allowed to expire, giving traders flexibility:
Buying a Call Option: You expect the asset’s price to rise. Profit is theoretically unlimited; loss is limited to the premium paid.
Buying a Put Option: You expect the asset’s price to fall. Profit increases as the asset price decreases; loss is limited to the premium paid.
Selling (Writing) Options: You collect the premium but take on greater risk. For example, selling a naked call has unlimited potential loss.
Options trading is derivative-based, meaning its value is derived from an underlying asset. The price of an option depends on several factors:
Intrinsic Value: Difference between current price and strike price.
Time Value: Value based on time left to expiry.
Volatility: How much the underlying asset moves affects the premium.
Interest Rates & Dividends: Can slightly impact options pricing.
4. Why Trade Options?
Options are popular for several reasons:
1. Leverage
Options allow you to control a large number of shares with a small investment (premium). This magnifies potential gains—but also potential losses.
Example:
You pay ₹5 per option for the right to buy 100 shares. If the stock moves favorably by ₹10, your profit is much higher than if you bought the shares directly.
2. Hedging
Options act as insurance. Investors use options to protect portfolios from market declines.
Example:
You own 100 shares of a stock at ₹200. Buying a put option at ₹190 ensures you can sell at ₹190, limiting potential loss.
3. Flexibility
Options allow you to profit in any market condition—up, down, or sideways. Various strategies can capture gains depending on market movements.
4. Speculation
Traders use options to bet on short-term price movements. Small changes in the underlying asset can generate significant returns due to leverage.
Part 2 Support and ResistanceHow Options Work
Options allow traders to speculate or hedge in different market conditions. For example:
Buying a Call Option: If an investor expects a stock’s price to rise, they can buy a call option. If the stock price exceeds the strike price, the option holder can either sell the option at a profit or exercise it to buy the stock at a lower price.
Buying a Put Option: If an investor anticipates a decline in the stock price, they can buy a put option. If the stock price falls below the strike price, the option holder can sell the stock at a higher-than-market price or sell the option for a profit.
Options can also be sold/written, allowing traders to earn the premium as income. However, selling options carries significant risk because the seller may have unlimited loss potential if the market moves against them.
Options Pricing and Valuation
The value of an option is influenced by intrinsic value and time value:
Intrinsic Value: The difference between the underlying asset’s current price and the strike price. For example:
Call Option: Intrinsic Value = Max(0, Current Price – Strike Price)
Put Option: Intrinsic Value = Max(0, Strike Price – Current Price)
Time Value: The portion of the premium that accounts for the time remaining until expiry and the expected volatility of the underlying asset. Options with more time until expiration generally have higher premiums because there’s a greater chance for the underlying asset to move favorably.
Additionally, models such as the Black-Scholes model are used by traders and institutions to estimate theoretical option prices, considering factors like the underlying price, strike price, time to expiration, volatility, and interest rates.
Benefits of Options Trading
Options trading offers several advantages compared to traditional stock trading:
Leverage: Options allow investors to control a large number of shares with a relatively small investment. This amplifies potential gains (and losses).
Flexibility: Traders can use options to speculate, hedge, or generate income, offering multiple strategic possibilities.
Risk Management: Options can act as insurance for existing positions. For instance, buying a put option can protect a stock holding from a sharp decline.
Profit in Any Market Condition: Options strategies can be designed to profit in bullish, bearish, or even neutral markets.
Part 1 Support and ResistanceIntroduction to Options Trading
Options trading is a sophisticated segment of the financial markets that allows investors to speculate on the future price movement of an underlying asset without actually owning it. Unlike traditional stocks, where you buy and sell shares directly, options are derivative instruments — their value is derived from an underlying security, such as a stock, index, commodity, or currency. Options can provide unique advantages, including leverage, flexibility, and hedging opportunities, making them popular among traders and investors looking for strategic ways to manage risk and potentially enhance returns.
Basic Concepts of Options
At its core, an option is a contract that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a predetermined price on or before a specific date. The two main types of options are:
Call Option: Grants the holder the right to buy an asset at a specific price, known as the strike price, within a defined period.
Put Option: Grants the holder the right to sell an asset at the strike price within a defined period.
The price paid to purchase an option is called the premium, and it represents the cost of acquiring the rights that the option provides. Sellers (or writers) of options receive this premium and are obligated to fulfill the contract if the buyer exercises the option.
Key Components of Options
Understanding options requires familiarity with their core components:
Underlying Asset: The financial instrument (stock, index, commodity, or currency) on which the option is based.
Strike Price (Exercise Price): The predetermined price at which the option can be exercised.
Expiry Date: The date on which the option contract expires. After this date, the option becomes worthless if not exercised.
Premium: The cost of purchasing the option. It is influenced by factors such as the underlying asset’s price, volatility, time to expiry, and interest rates.
Option Style: There are two primary styles:
American Option: Can be exercised any time before expiry.
European Option: Can only be exercised on the expiry date.
Gold Chart Analysis and Price PredictioinGold Chart Analysis and Price Prediction
The Gold Chart is seen to to making Cup and Handle pattern which indicates a bullish sign. Market completely absorbed FED interest cut decisions. Even though in the FED press meet he signed uncertainty in further anticipated rate cuts, Gold is showing bullish sign. A probable break out could be witness after 23 Sepetember'2025.
Part 2 Trading Master Class With ExpertsHow Option Trading Works
Let’s walk through a simple example.
Suppose NIFTY is trading at 20,000. You expect it to rise.
You buy a NIFTY 20,100 Call Option by paying a premium of ₹100.
If NIFTY goes up to 20,500, your call is worth 400 (20,500 – 20,100). Profit = 400 – 100 = 300 points.
If NIFTY stays below 20,100, your option expires worthless. Loss = Premium (₹100).
Here’s the beauty: as a buyer, your loss is limited to the premium paid, but profit potential is theoretically unlimited. For sellers (writers), it’s the reverse—limited profit (premium received) but unlimited risk.
Why People Trade Options
Options are not just for speculation. They serve multiple purposes:
Hedging: Investors use options to protect their portfolio against losses. For example, buying puts on NIFTY acts as insurance during market crashes.
Speculation: Traders take directional bets on stocks or indices with limited capital.
Income Generation: Sellers of options earn premium income regularly.
Arbitrage: Exploiting price differences in related instruments.
This versatility is what makes options attractive to both professionals and retail traders.
Risks in Option Trading
While options are powerful, they are also risky:
Time Decay (Theta): Options lose value as expiry approaches, especially if they are OTM.
Leverage Risk: Small market moves can lead to large percentage losses.
Complexity: Beginners may struggle with pricing models, strategies, and margin requirements.
Unlimited Loss for Sellers: Writing naked options can lead to huge losses if the market moves strongly against the position.
Thus, understanding risk management is critical before trading options seriously.
Option Pricing & The Greeks
Option prices are influenced by several factors. To understand them, traders use Option Greeks:
Delta: Measures how much the option price moves with a ₹1 move in the underlying asset.
Gamma: Measures how Delta changes with the underlying’s price.
Theta: Measures time decay. Shows how much value an option loses daily as expiry nears.
Vega: Measures sensitivity of option price to volatility changes.
Rho: Measures sensitivity to interest rate changes (less important in short-term trading).
The Greeks help traders design strategies, manage risks, and predict option price movements.
Part 1 Trading Master Class With Experts1. Introduction to Options
Financial markets give investors multiple tools to manage money, speculate on price movements, or hedge risks. Among these tools, options stand out as one of the most powerful instruments. Options are a type of derivative contract, which means their value is derived from an underlying asset—such as stocks, indices, commodities, or currencies.
Think of an option like a ticket. A movie ticket gives you the right to enter a cinema hall at a fixed time, but you don’t have to go if you don’t want to. Similarly, an option contract gives you the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a pre-decided price before or on a fixed date.
This flexibility is what makes options both exciting and risky. For beginners, it can feel confusing, but once you grasp the basics, option trading becomes a fascinating world of opportunities.
2. Basic Concepts of Option Trading
At its core, option trading revolves around three elements:
The Buyer (Holder): Pays money (premium) to buy the option contract. They have rights but no obligations.
The Seller (Writer): Receives the premium for selling the option but must fulfill the obligation if the buyer exercises it.
The Contract: Specifies the underlying asset, strike price, expiry date, and type of option (Call or Put).
Unlike stocks, where you directly buy shares of a company, in options you are buying a right to trade shares at a fixed price. This difference is what gives options their unique power.
3. Types of Options
There are mainly two types of options:
3.1 Call Option
A Call Option gives the buyer the right (but not obligation) to buy an underlying asset at a fixed price before expiry.
👉 Example: You buy a call option on Reliance at ₹2,500 strike price. If Reliance rises to ₹2,700, you can buy it at ₹2,500 and immediately gain profit.
3.2 Put Option
A Put Option gives the buyer the right (but not obligation) to sell an asset at a fixed price before expiry.
👉 Example: You buy a put option on Infosys at ₹1,500. If Infosys falls to ₹1,300, you can sell it at ₹1,500, making profit.
These two simple instruments form the foundation of all option strategies.
4. Key Option Terminology
Before trading, you must understand the language of options.
Strike Price: The fixed price at which the option can be exercised.
Premium: The cost of buying an option. Paid upfront by the buyer.
Expiry Date: The last date until the option is valid. In India, stock options usually expire monthly, while index options may expire weekly.
In-the-Money (ITM): Option that already has intrinsic value (profitable if exercised).
Out-of-the-Money (OTM): Option that currently has no intrinsic value (not profitable if exercised).
At-the-Money (ATM): Strike price is very close to the market price.
Option Chain: A list of all available call and put options for a given asset, strike, and expiry.
Knowing these terms is like learning alphabets before writing sentences.
Part 6 Institutional Trading Key Terms in Options Trading
Let’s break down the important jargon:
Call Option (CE):
Gives the right to buy an asset at a fixed price within a certain time.
Example: You buy a Reliance 2500 Call. It means you can buy Reliance shares at ₹2500 anytime before expiry, even if the market price rises to ₹2700.
Put Option (PE):
Gives the right to sell an asset at a fixed price within a certain time.
Example: You buy a Reliance 2500 Put. It means you can sell Reliance at ₹2500, even if the price falls to ₹2300.
Strike Price:
The price at which you agree to buy (call) or sell (put). Think of it as the “deal price.”
Premium:
The fee you pay to buy an option. Like a booking fee—it’s non-refundable.
Example: You buy Reliance 2500 Call for ₹50 premium. Your cost is ₹50 × 505 (lot size) = ₹25,250.
Expiry Date:
Every option has a limited life. After expiry, it becomes worthless.
In India, stock options usually expire on the last Thursday of every month. Weekly options for Nifty and Bank Nifty expire every Thursday.
In-the-Money (ITM), At-the-Money (ATM), Out-of-the-Money (OTM):
ITM Call: Strike price < current market price. (Option already profitable).
ATM Call: Strike price ≈ current price.
OTM Call: Strike price > current market price. (Not profitable yet).
How Options Work – Simple Examples
Example 1: Call Option
You expect Infosys to rise from ₹1500 to ₹1600 in the next month.
You buy a Call Option at ₹1500 strike for ₹40 premium.
Scenario 1: Infosys rises to ₹1600. You can buy at ₹1500 and sell at ₹1600 → profit ₹100 per share – ₹40 premium = ₹60 net.
Scenario 2: Infosys stays at ₹1500. No use. You lose only the premium (₹40).
Scenario 3: Infosys falls to ₹1400. You don’t exercise. Loss = only premium.
Example 2: Put Option
You expect Infosys to fall from ₹1500 to ₹1400.
You buy a Put Option at ₹1500 strike for ₹35 premium.
Scenario 1: Infosys falls to ₹1400. You sell at ₹1500 and buy back at ₹1400 → profit ₹100 – ₹35 = ₹65 net.
Scenario 2: Infosys stays at ₹1500. No use. Loss = ₹35 premium.
So, in options trading:
Maximum loss = premium paid.
Maximum profit = unlimited (for calls) or large (for puts).
GBPUSD MULTI TIME FRAME ANALYSISHello traders , here is the full multi time frame analysis for this pair, let me know in the comment section below if you have any questions , the entry will be taken only if all rules of the strategies will be satisfied. wait for more price action to develop before taking any position. I suggest you keep this pair on your watchlist and see if the rules of your strategy are satisfied.
🧠💡 Share your unique analysis, thoughts, and ideas in the comments section below. I'm excited to hear your perspective on this pair .
💭🔍 Don't hesitate to comment if you have any questions or queries regarding this analysis.
Part 4 Institutional Trading Key Terms in Options Trading
Understanding options requires familiarity with several technical terms:
Strike Price: The predetermined price at which the underlying asset can be bought (call) or sold (put).
Expiration Date: The last date on which the option can be exercised. Options lose value after this date.
Premium: The price paid to purchase the option, influenced by intrinsic value and time value.
Intrinsic Value: The difference between the underlying asset’s price and the strike price if favorable to the option holder.
Time Value: The portion of the premium reflecting the probability of the option becoming profitable before expiration.
In-the-Money (ITM): A call is ITM if the underlying price > strike price; a put is ITM if the underlying price < strike price.
Out-of-the-Money (OTM): A call is OTM if the underlying price < strike price; a put is OTM if the underlying price > strike price.
At-the-Money (ATM): When the underlying price ≈ strike price.
How Options Trading Works
Options trading involves buying and selling contracts on exchanges like the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in India, or over-the-counter (OTC) markets globally. Each contract represents a fixed quantity of the underlying asset (e.g., 100 shares per contract in equity options).
The price of an option, called the option premium, is determined by multiple factors:
Underlying Price: Directly impacts call and put options differently. Calls gain value as the underlying price rises; puts gain as it falls.
Strike Price: The relationship of the strike to the current asset price defines intrinsic value.
Time to Expiration: More time increases the option’s potential to become profitable, adding to the premium.
Volatility: Higher expected price fluctuations increase the chance of profit, making options more expensive.
Interest Rates and Dividends: Slightly affect option pricing, especially for longer-term contracts.
Options traders use strategies to profit in various market conditions. They can combine calls and puts to create complex structures like spreads, straddles, strangles, and iron condors.
Popular Options Trading Strategies
Covered Call: Holding the underlying asset and selling a call option to earn premium. It generates income but limits upside potential.
Protective Put: Buying a put on a held asset to limit losses during downturns. Essentially an insurance policy.
Straddle: Buying a call and a put at the same strike price and expiry, betting on high volatility regardless of direction.
Strangle: Similar to a straddle but with different strike prices, cheaper but requires larger movements to profit.
Spreads: Simultaneously buying and selling options of the same type with different strikes or expiries to reduce risk or capitalize on specific movements. Examples include bull call spreads and bear put spreads.
These strategies allow traders to tailor risk/reward profiles, hedge portfolios, or speculate with leverage.
Part 2 Ride The Big MovesHow Options Trading Works
Options trading involves buying and selling contracts on exchanges like the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in India, or over-the-counter (OTC) markets globally. Each contract represents a fixed quantity of the underlying asset (e.g., 100 shares per contract in equity options).
The price of an option, called the option premium, is determined by multiple factors:
Underlying Price: Directly impacts call and put options differently. Calls gain value as the underlying price rises; puts gain as it falls.
Strike Price: The relationship of the strike to the current asset price defines intrinsic value.
Time to Expiration: More time increases the option’s potential to become profitable, adding to the premium.
Volatility: Higher expected price fluctuations increase the chance of profit, making options more expensive.
Interest Rates and Dividends: Slightly affect option pricing, especially for longer-term contracts.
Options traders use strategies to profit in various market conditions. They can combine calls and puts to create complex structures like spreads, straddles, strangles, and iron condors.
Popular Options Trading Strategies
Covered Call: Holding the underlying asset and selling a call option to earn premium. It generates income but limits upside potential.
Protective Put: Buying a put on a held asset to limit losses during downturns. Essentially an insurance policy.
Straddle: Buying a call and a put at the same strike price and expiry, betting on high volatility regardless of direction.
Strangle: Similar to a straddle but with different strike prices, cheaper but requires larger movements to profit.
Spreads: Simultaneously buying and selling options of the same type with different strikes or expiries to reduce risk or capitalize on specific movements. Examples include bull call spreads and bear put spreads.
These strategies allow traders to tailor risk/reward profiles, hedge portfolios, or speculate with leverage.
Risk and Reward in Options
Options can offer leverage, allowing traders to control large positions with relatively small capital. However, this comes with significant risks:
Buyers risk only the premium paid. If the option expires worthless, the entire premium is lost.
Sellers can face unlimited loss (for uncovered calls) if the market moves sharply against them.
Time decay (theta) erodes the value of options as expiration approaches, which works against buyers of options but favors sellers.
Volatility changes can impact options pricing (vega risk).
Because of these dynamics, options require careful planning, risk management, and market understanding.
Part 1 Ride The Big MovesIntroduction to Options Trading
Options trading is a sophisticated financial practice that allows investors to speculate on the future price movements of underlying assets or to hedge existing positions. Unlike direct stock trading, options provide the right—but not the obligation—to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price within a specified time frame. This flexibility makes options a powerful tool in modern financial markets, used by retail traders, institutional investors, and hedge funds alike.
Options fall under the category of derivatives, financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset, which can be stocks, indices, commodities, currencies, or ETFs. The two fundamental types of options are call options and put options.
1. Call and Put Options
Call Option: A call option gives the buyer the right to buy the underlying asset at a specific price (known as the strike price) before or on the option’s expiration date. Traders purchase calls when they expect the asset’s price to rise. For example, if a stock is trading at ₹100, and you buy a call option with a strike price of ₹105, you will profit if the stock price exceeds ₹105 plus the premium paid.
Put Option: A put option gives the buyer the right to sell the underlying asset at the strike price. Traders buy puts when they anticipate a decline in the asset’s price. For instance, if the same stock is at ₹100, a put option with a strike price of ₹95 becomes valuable if the stock price falls below ₹95 minus the premium paid.
The option seller (writer), on the other hand, assumes the obligation to fulfill the contract if the buyer exercises the option. Sellers earn the option premium upfront but take on potentially unlimited risk, especially in the case of uncovered calls.
2. Key Terms in Options Trading
Understanding options requires familiarity with several technical terms:
Strike Price: The predetermined price at which the underlying asset can be bought (call) or sold (put).
Expiration Date: The last date on which the option can be exercised. Options lose value after this date.
Premium: The price paid to purchase the option, influenced by intrinsic value and time value.
Intrinsic Value: The difference between the underlying asset’s price and the strike price if favorable to the option holder.
Time Value: The portion of the premium reflecting the probability of the option becoming profitable before expiration.
In-the-Money (ITM): A call is ITM if the underlying price > strike price; a put is ITM if the underlying price < strike price.
Out-of-the-Money (OTM): A call is OTM if the underlying price < strike price; a put is OTM if the underlying price > strike price.
At-the-Money (ATM): When the underlying price ≈ strike price.
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Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes and not financial advice. Always do your own research before making trading decisions.
Divergence SecretsLong Straddle
Setup: Buy 1 Call + Buy 1 Put (same strike & expiry).
When to Use: Expect huge volatility but uncertain direction.
Logic: Profit if stock makes big move either way.
Example: Stock at ₹100. Buy Call 100 for ₹4 + Put 100 for ₹4 (total ₹8). If stock goes to ₹115, Call worth ₹15 (profit ₹7). If stock goes to ₹85, Put worth ₹15 (profit ₹7). Loss if stock stays near ₹100.
Long Strangle
Setup: Buy Out-of-the-Money Call + Buy Out-of-the-Money Put.
When to Use: Expect big move but cheaper than Straddle.
Logic: Profitable in strong moves but needs bigger movement than Straddle.
Example: Stock at ₹100. Buy Call 105 for ₹3 + Put 95 for ₹3. Total cost ₹6. Profit only if stock moves above 111 or below 89.
Bull Call Spread
Setup: Buy Call at lower strike + Sell Call at higher strike.
When to Use: Moderately bullish.
Logic: Reduces cost compared to naked Call.
Example: Stock ₹100. Buy Call 100 for ₹5, Sell Call 110 for ₹2. Net cost ₹3. Max profit = ₹7 (if stock > ₹110).
Bear Put Spread
Setup: Buy Put at higher strike + Sell Put at lower strike.
When to Use: Moderately bearish.
Logic: Cheaper than long Put.
Example: Stock ₹100. Buy Put 100 for ₹5, Sell Put 90 for ₹2. Net cost ₹3. Max profit = ₹7 (if stock < ₹90).
Iron Condor
Setup: Sell Out-of-the-Money Call Spread + Sell Out-of-the-Money Put Spread.
When to Use: Expect sideways movement with low volatility.
Logic: Earn premium as long as stock stays in range.
Example: Stock ₹100. Sell 90 Put, Buy 85 Put, Sell 110 Call, Buy 115 Call. Net premium collected ₹4. Profit if stock stays between 90–110.
Butterfly Spread
Setup: Buy 1 Call (low strike) + Sell 2 Calls (middle strike) + Buy 1 Call (high strike).
When to Use: Expect very low volatility, price near middle strike.
Logic: Profits if stock stays near center strike.
Example: Stock ₹100. Buy Call 95 for ₹7, Sell 2 Calls 100 for ₹4 each, Buy Call 105 for ₹2. Net cost = ₹1. Max profit at ₹100 = ₹4.
Collar Strategy
Setup: Buy stock + Buy Put + Sell Call.
When to Use: Want to protect downside while capping upside.
Logic: Provides range-bound protection.
Example: Stock ₹100. Buy Put 95 for ₹3, Sell Call 110 for ₹3. Net zero cost. Loss limited below ₹95, profit capped above ₹110.
Calendar Spread
Setup: Sell short-term option + Buy long-term option (same strike).
When to Use: Expect stock to remain stable short-term but move long-term.
Logic: Benefit from time decay in near-term option.
Example: Stock ₹100. Sell 1-month Call 100 for ₹3, Buy 3-month Call 100 for ₹6. Net cost ₹3.
PCR Tradng StrategiesTypes of Options Strategies
Options strategies can be classified based on complexity and purpose:
A. Basic (Beginner) Strategies
Covered Call
Protective Put
Long Call / Long Put
B. Intermediate Strategies
Bull Call Spread
Bear Put Spread
Collar Strategy
Straddle and Strangle
C. Advanced (Professional) Strategies
Butterfly Spread
Iron Condor
Calendar Spread
Ratio Spreads
Diagonal Spreads
Each of these strategies has its own setup, payoff diagram, and risk–reward profile. Let’s explore the most important ones.
Popular Options Strategies Explained with Examples
Covered Call
Setup: Buy stock + Sell Call option (same stock).
When to Use: Mildly bullish or neutral view.
Logic: You earn premium from the call while holding stock. If stock rises, gains are capped at strike price.
Example: Stock at ₹100. Buy stock and sell a Call at strike ₹110 for ₹5. If stock goes to ₹115, your profit is capped at ₹15 (₹10 from stock + ₹5 premium). If stock stays flat, you still keep the ₹5 premium.
Protective Put
Setup: Buy stock + Buy Put option.
When to Use: Bullish but want downside protection.
Logic: Works like insurance—limits potential loss if stock falls.
Example: Stock at ₹100. Buy stock + Put at strike ₹95 for ₹3. If stock drops to ₹80, your loss is capped (you can sell at ₹95).
Option Trading Introduction to Options Trading Strategies
Options trading is one of the most versatile areas of financial markets. Unlike buying and selling stocks directly, options allow traders to take advantage of different market conditions—whether bullish, bearish, neutral, or highly volatile. An option is essentially a financial contract that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy (Call option) or sell (Put option) an underlying asset at a predetermined price (strike price) within a certain time (expiry).
While options can be used for speculation, hedging, or income generation, their real power lies in combining them into strategies. A strategy is nothing but a structured position involving one or more options (and sometimes the underlying asset) to create a favorable risk–reward setup.
Why are strategies important? Because trading options without a plan is risky—premiums decay, volatility shifts, and market direction can change suddenly. With the right strategy, a trader can limit losses, protect gains, and even profit when the market doesn’t move much.
This is why professional traders, institutions, and hedge funds rely on well-designed options strategies to manage risk and generate consistent returns.
Why Strategies Are Needed in Options
Options are unique compared to equities or futures. While buying a stock means unlimited upside and downside exposure, options introduce time decay (theta), volatility risk (vega), and sensitivity to price changes (delta). Without strategies, a trader might:
Lose money despite being directionally correct.
Face unlimited risk when shorting naked options.
Fail to take advantage of sideways or volatile markets.
For example: Suppose you are bullish on a stock trading at ₹100. You buy a Call at strike ₹105 for ₹5. If the stock moves to ₹110, you gain ₹5. But if it just stays at ₹100 till expiry, you lose the entire premium—even though your view wasn’t wrong about stability. This is why strategies like spreads, straddles, and condors exist—they help fine-tune payoffs.
Thus, option strategies allow you to customize risk and reward as per your market outlook.






















